ISOVOC

(3.1.1.01)

Foreword

ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.

The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).

Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.

For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html

The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 46, Information and documentation.

This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 5127:2001), which has been technically revised.

ISO 5127 was previously published as a series of parts (from 1981).

0 Introduction

0.1 General

This document presents terms and definitions for selected concepts relevant to the field of information and documentation. It includes a good deal of foundational terms and definitions, also from international guidelines and reference works by organizations in liaison with ISO/TC 46. Thus, it serves as a sound basis in the understanding of existing as well as possibly projected information and documentation systems by systematically presenting well-established terminology. It is, thus, also intended as a tool to help in new developments to come, by underpinning scientific research projects and helping to organize them, through mutual understanding of some of the foundations. And this document is likewise intended as a handy, quick and comprehensive reference tool also for the newly inaugurated to the field. Proper attention has therefore been paid to a clear, easy to follow structure of the document. In its function as a handbook, this document may also be regarded as a legitimate and improved successor of well-known reference works like, e.g. the widely disseminated UNESCO “Terminology of documentation” of 1976 and others (see Bibliography).

This document has 13 main classes. It aims to provide a logical structure in the field of information and documentation.

The closer coalescence of the diverse professions Archives, Libraries, Museums, Printing and IT, within documentation, in some parts rests on digitization as the basis of this process. This has also led, to some degree, to the reformulation of documentation and its processes in terms of IT-driven concepts and models. Working with digital objects and systems has by no means diminished the importance of terminology and terminological precision for and in the subject field. On the contrary, this importance is underlined even more since the concepts and terms representing the objects need to be even more precise when, possibly, far-reaching automatic processing of data takes place. In any case, it is vital to keep conceptual conformance between the documentation terminology and the IT terminology in this subject field and to strive for the matching of terms and concepts so that an integrated, overall system of documentation and its applications remains visible.

0.2 Main contents of this document

This document provides a well-balanced selection of both abstract and concrete concepts (and their terms). Documentation and work in the documentation field today are increasingly characterized by the standard use of abstract models of the information field and of the communication flows in it, also for the design and optimization of information systems. This type of work requires, substantially refers to, and rests upon the structuring and exploration of the field by abstract reasoning and models, incorporated in the respective abstract concepts. This document satisfies the need for such abstract concepts, but also the equally required provision of a large number of concrete concepts (and terms) for concrete objects, documents and processes. ISO 5127, in its balanced approach, thus covers main components that constitute the information field:

— abstract general concepts for the nature of information, of systems building, of identifying concept systems, and of the basic communication features of language (thus also keeping the bridge to information science, and to other sciences relevant for documentation);

— a basic stock of vocabulary required and demanded to understand, analyse, and apply main documentation operations (to represent concept systems, for indexing, cataloguing, classifying);

— the required consideration of the storage and preservation of documents and of documentation results, and some legal aspects of documentation;

— a basic stock of vocabulary required and demanded to understand, analyse, and work with the institutions in the field;

— and, in particular, a basic stock of vocabulary required and demanded to understand, analyse, and work with the main “raw material” basis of documentation, the large variety of documents and components of documents. Vocabulary is provided for the general types of documents and their main subdivisions, and a number of concepts and their terms for particular special kinds of documents which are highly relevant but not always encountered in daily mass practice. Notably, some needs of special collections are addressed here, too. Both documents that are the result of, or considerably assist in, documentation are in focus, and a number of documents and their parts whose terminology is needed because these documents constitute important main objects for making societal documentation and information processes work.

This particular attention to “documents” and their parts concerns old and new ones: both those that are, and need to be, subject to documentation processes as well as those which are the result of such processes or serve as guidance in this work.

0.3 Functions of this document

The present-day situation of documentation and its field is also largely characterized by closer cooperation and sometimes merging of its individual professional areas and professions like librarianship, archivistics, text documentation, editing, media documentation, printing, publishing, sound and visual documents, broadcasting, museology, document conservation and more. ISO 5127 is intended to serve as a tool for the representation, and mutual understanding, of the specific terminology in the documentation field and at the same time for the closer cooperation of its different professional branches, while at the same time respecting the organizational autonomy, traditions and specific work procedures and related terminology of and between them.

As a terminology standard, among the main functions it serves are the following:

— to be a quick one-stop shop, a reference pool showing a comprehensive overview of the entirety of the terminology (terms) and its individual pieces in the field, also for ISO/TC 46 and its field of work;

— to provide an interrelated conceptual overview, based on the underlying elaborate concept system, of the field of information and documentation as a whole, thus creating a summary of main terminology of the field, for the use of ISO/TC 46, related Committees and the entire information community;

— to facilitate international communication both between countries and within international organizations, on all matters within the scope of this document; and so, at the same time (both national and international) between the individual professions and disciplines involved in the documentation field;

— to be at hand as a reference tool for questions as to individual items in the field and for ensuring the correct understanding of individual terms as they may be used in different places;

— to act, as a nucleus of validated terminology, as a reference point and for the establishing of national language versions (translations) of this terminology; so it would assist both in the exact understanding/interpretation of certain technical terms and in their translation and exchange between different languages;

— to provide, as much as is in its scope, solid foundational assistance in the teaching of “documentation”;

— to serve as a stock of precisely defined items (concepts) that are at hand when data elements for all sorts of information and documentation data exchange systems and networks are to be defined, agreed and machine-implemented;

— to serve as a vocabulary pool for indexing, abstracting and cataloguing services covering, and active in, the field of documentation;

— to serve as the source and starting point for creating metadata, also keeping in mind the developments of linked data;

— to provide a pool, as a starting and reference point, for further and proper formalization of concepts into directly applicable IT-conforming entities;

— to as well provide necessary material for future establishing of ontologies of parts of the documentation field or of the whole field, for more elaborate operation of automated IT processes;

— to maintain the connection to all classification systems that undertake, for any purpose, to classify and to order the field of documentation; through its own richly cross-referenced structure, to serve as a first collection for the possible building of one or more thesauri of the field;

— to assist further study and scientific exploration of the field, and the sciences, of information and documentation.

In its approach to related concepts and their definitions through generic relations, and to, in a number of instances, connect entries through “See references” in the “Notes to entry”, ISO 5127 presents a slight look and feel in the direction of paving the way for a thesaurus application.

0.4 A coherent terminology

In view of the now widespread formation and application of terminology of and for documentation, the coherent terminology offered in ISO 5127 also provides, to the degree required, information on the relation of some terms and concepts from this document to those in other ISO standards to maintain this information and the relation mentioned, for the benefit of the users of ISO 5127. In partially fulfilling the function of a general overview, net and vocabulary on which the individual standards in ISO/TC 46 are built, this document may also serve as far as possible, when drafting ISO/TC 46 or other standards, as a source of good and workable definitions. When such ISO 5127 definitions need to be tailored to specific further-reaching applications in individual Committees’ definitions, this can be done using “Notes to entry”, adaptations and similar means.

As the terminology standard of ISO/TC 46, in addition to providing the basic concept system, ISO 5127 offers a collection of terminology as laid down in various ISO/TC 46 and other ISO standards. Notwithstanding that, ISO 5127 is, and persists as, a solid corpus of terminology in its own right, being not just a mere compilation but a proper, interrelated system. As a proper terminology standard (following the rules from ISO/TC 37), it is built on an underlying concept system, aims at well-balanced coverage of the whole field, is arranged in all its Clauses from the general to the specific and in keeping adjacent, neighbouring, or antonymic terms always close to each other. ISO 5127 also respects the rule of definitions as short, generic expressions of a concept, the rule to avoid circular definitions, and of defining concepts whenever possible by referring to their broader concept. Finally, a terminology standard is more than a dictionary, not least because it does not show the sometimes several meanings of a term under just one entry word but separates different meanings (concepts) of a word into different (separate) entries. In real-life practice, terms representing the concepts of a subject field like “documentation” are, of course, often also used metaphorically; while this is, of course, possible any such use lies outside the scope of this document.

0.5 Organization of entries

The entries in this document are organized according to ISO 10241-2. They are comprised of the entry number and preferred term, identified synonyms, the definition and the source of the definition. In some cases the definition is complemented by examples and “Notes to entry” for better explanation of the term and its relationship with correlative terms in other domains. The selection of terms and the wording of definitions follow the rules established in ISO 704.Terms, definitions, examples and notes are provided using British spelling. The terms may, of course, occasionally be used with other spellings, obtained e.g. from an authoritative dictionary, in accordance with ISO Directives Part 2, 6.6.2.

EXAMPLE:

“information center” instead of “information centre”.

As a convention, “or” in this document is generally to be understood as “and/or”. If a definition in ISO 5127 is taken from other standards, the priority of selection generally is: ISO/TC 46 technical standards, then technical standards in other relevant fields within ISO, and then other terminology-related standards.

The source citations in this document are provided for traceability and to support interoperability with other International Standards. Variations of definitions from the sources have “modified” written in the “SOURCE” indication below the definition. Individual terms and their definitions from all ISO standards can at any time be searched and verified as to their current use with the help of the ISO Online Browsing Platform (https://www.iso.org/obp/). Users of ISO 5127 are also encouraged to consult, whenever appropriate, the terminology standards from ISO/TC 46 neighbouring TCs, such as ISO/IEC 2382, which is now mainly accessible only online.

A further revised and augmented edition of ISO 5127 is planned for the near future.

1 Scope

This document provides a concept system and general vocabulary for the field of documentation within the whole information field. It has been created with a balanced representation of major work areas in mind: documentation, libraries, archives, media, museums, records management, conservation as well as legal aspects of documentation. The scope of the vocabulary provided in this document corresponds to that of ISO/TC 46: standardization of practices relating to libraries, documentation and information centres, publishing, archives, records management, museum documentation, indexing and abstracting services, and information science.

2 Normative references

There are no normative references in this document.

3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.

ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:

— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp

— IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/

3.1 Basic and framework concepts

3.1.1 Basic concepts

622.342 2 Gold mining - Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC)

EXAMPLE 3:

373.3.016:51 Mathematics curriculum in primary schools - Universal Decimal Classification (UDC)

EXAMPLE 4:

SBS XEJB Endangered species law - Bliss Bibliographic Classification

EXAMPLE 5:

(H40-H42 Glaucoma - International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems)

Note 1 to entry: A notation (3) is sometimes used to sort and/or locate concepts in a pre-determined systematic order and, optionally, to display how the components of complex concepts have been structured and grouped. A notation (3) can provide the link (3.1.12.30) between alphabetical and systematic lists in a thesaurus. In the context of classification schemes, “concepts” are often known as “subjects”, especially when they are complex as in the examples above.

Note 2 to entry: See also notation (1) <symbols> (3.1.4.16); notation (2) <notation system> (3.8.5.19).

[SOURCE: ISO 25964-1:2011, definition 2.40]

(3.8.3.25)

A scholar’s library.

Note 1 to entry: See also private library (1) <non-state library> (3.6.4.1.21).

(3.6.4.2 Archives)

(3.6.4.2.01)

A unique series of cars, parfumes, books, etc.

Note 1 to entry: See also edition (2) <identical documents> (3.4.1.12).

(3.3.2.02)

AACR

Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules

standard (3.4.7.78) for creating catalogues (2) <holdings-related list> (3.5.5.01) of collections (2) <gathering> (3.6.1.04), especially library collections (3.6.1.02), including the consistent description (3.2.1.28) of those materials and the formation and assignment of access points (3.7.2.14) under which those descriptions are arranged

(3.7.2.35)

abbreviation

designation (3.1.5.24) formed by omitting words (1) <orthographic word> (3.1.5.18) or letters (1) <character> (3.1.4.07) from a longer form and designating the same concept (3.1.1.02)

[SOURCE: ISO 1087-1:2000, definition 3.4.9]

(3.1.5.48)

aboutness

relation (3.1.1.12) between a work (3.2.1.07) and its subject matter

Note 1 to entry: Aboutness includes human interpretation and the inclusion of cultural historic knowledge.

[SOURCE: FRSAD, page 10]

(3.2.1.20)

abrasion

damage (3.12.1.11) caused by the rubbing or wearing away of a material

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO 18913:2012, definition 3.1.

(3.12.4.03)

abridgement

document (3.1.1.38) resulting from the condensation of another document to its essence

(3.4.2.02)

Abridgement, illustrated edition, shortened edition, arrangement, translation (2) <document> , remake, theatre play made after a film, the contents of a poem presented as a novel, etc.

(3.4.1.09)

absorbency

property (3.1.1.03) of a material which allows it to take up and retain a fluid with which it is in contact

Note 1 to entry: See also “receptivity” (3.12.2.04).

(3.12.2.04)

abstract

document (3.1.1.38) or part of a document, achieved through an intellectual procedure, giving, in verbal form, a general indication of the content of another document

(3.5.4.02)

academic librarian

librarian (3.2.4.05) who provides support to members of an academic community consisting of students, researchers and lecturing staff by managing, organizing, evaluating and disseminating (3.2.1.34)information (3.1.1.16)

(3.2.4.07)

academic library

library (3.2.3.02) whose primary function is to cover the information (3.1.1.16) needs of learning and research

Note 1 to entry: Academic library includes libraries of institutions of higher education and general research libraries.

[SOURCE: ISO 2789:2013, definition 2.1.1]

(3.6.4.1.07)

accelerated aging

test methods to approximate the effect of aging (3.12.1.17) on a material by exposure to increased levels of environmental conditions causing deterioration (3.12.1.09)

(3.12.1.19)

access

right, opportunity, means of finding, using, or retrieving (3.10.1.01)information (3.1.1.16)

[SOURCE: ISO 15489-1:2016, definition 3.1]

Note 1 to entry: See also data access (3.1.11.17); publication (3.1.8.27); and ISO/TR 14873:2013, definition 2.1.

(3.11.1.02)

access control

measure taken to limit access (3.11.1.01) to data users (3.13.4.04) possessing the appropriate clearance (3.13.5.05)

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO/TR 13569:2005, definition 3.1; ISO/IEC 27000:2016, definition 2.1.

(3.11.1.09)

access hours, pl

hours, days or periods of the year when an information and documentation organization (3.2.3.37) may be utilized by information users (3.11.2.05)

(3.11.6.02)

access point

element (3.1.1.10) under which a bibliographic entry (3.7.2.17) may be searched and identified (3.2.1.26)

EXAMPLE:

Name, term, code (2) , etc.

Note 1 to entry: See also heading (2) <access point> (3.7.3.01).

(3.7.2.15)

access rights

privileges granted to an end user (3.11.2.06) to use particular resources or interact with a specified information system (3.1.8.25)

Note 1 to entry: Access rights do not govern copying (3.1.11.07), storage (3.9.1.01), public broadcast (3.3.3.14) or public performance.

(3.11.1.24)

access to information

freedom of information

right to obtain information (3.1.1.16), subject to certain conditions

(3.13.1.02)

accessibility

usability of a product, service (3.1.1.59), environment or facility by people with the widest range of capabilities

[SOURCE: ISO/IEC TR 29156:2015, definition 3.1]

(3.11.1.03)

accession

document (3.1.1.38) or group of documents added to the holdings (3.6.1.01) of an information and documentation organization (3.2.3.37)

Note 1 to entry: See also accessioning (3.6.2.2.02).

(3.4.3.02)

accession list

list (3.4.7.25) of the documents (3.1.1.38) or other material objects (3.1.1.60) added to the holdings (3.6.1.01) of an information and documentation organization (3.2.3.37) during a specific period of time

Note 1 to entry: See also “accession register” (3.5.1.25).

(3.5.1.27)

accession register

register (3.5.1.17) of all accessions (3.4.3.01) arranged in chronological order (3.1.1.64) by date of receipt

Note 1 to entry: See also “accession list” (3.5.1.26).

(3.5.1.26)

accessioning

operations of integrating an accession (3.4.3.01) into the holdings (3.6.1.01) of a collection (2) <gathering> (3.6.1.05)

(3.6.2.2.03)

accompanying material

any physically separate material (usually of a different nature) issued directly together with the main part(s) of the resource being described and intended to be used with it, available simultaneously with the resource and usually referenced in the resource or in its wrapping

[SOURCE: ISBD Consolidated Edition 2011, Appendix E, modified]

(3.4.7.21)

accrual

accession (3.4.3.01) to a records series (3.6.3.30) already held by an archive(s) (1) <organization> (3.2.3.01)

(3.4.3.03)

accumulation

process by which records (1) <document(s)> (3.1.13.16) and archives (2) <records> (3.6.1.03) are created in the conduct of affairs of any kind

Note 1 to entry: The term also denotes the result of that process. See also collection (2) <gathering> (3.6.1.05) and holdings (3.6.1.01)

(3.2.1.38)

acid deterioration

deterioration (3.12.1.09) generated by the reaction of internal or external chemical agents

(3.12.4.29)

acid migration

transfer of an acid from an acidic material to one of less acidity with which it is in contact

(3.12.4.30)

acid-free paper

paper (1) <material> (3.3.5.2.01) with a pH value (3.12.2.29) which indicates that it is neutral or alkaline

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO 18913:2012, definition 3.6.

(3.3.5.2.07)

acquisition

operation for establishing, enlarging or updating the holdings (3.6.1.01) of an information and documentation organization (3.2.3.37)

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO 21127:2014, class “E 8”.

(3.6.2.2.02)

acronym

abbreviation (3.1.5.47) forming a new, artificial but pronounceable word (1) <orthographic word> (3.1.5.18) out of the initial letters (1) <character> (3.1.4.07) of a name (3.1.5.28) or designation (3.1.5.24) consisting of a sequence of several words (1)

EXAMPLE:

UNESCO.

(3.1.5.53)

act

legal document (3.4.6.02) formally embodying prescriptions or rules issued by a legislative body or other highest public authority and addressed to a country’s citizens to be observed as generally valid in the conduct of public or private life

(3.4.4.15)

action copy

copy (2) (<reproduction> (3.4.1.17) or copy (3) <exemplar> (3.3.2.02) of a document (3.1.1.38) sent to an agency, office, or individual with the appropriate authority to respond

(3.4.4.06)

active borrower

registered user (3.11.6.03) who has borrowed at least one document (3.1.1.38) during the reporting period

[SOURCE: ISO 2789:2013, definition 2.2.2, modified]

(3.11.6.05)

active data

data (3.1.1.15) that denotes virtual units of data objects (3.1.1.01) which are created dynamically by executable code

[SOURCE: http://smw-rda.esc.rzg.mpg.de/index.php/Active_Data]

(3.1.10.23)

actual date of publication

date on which a publication (3.1.8.27) is actually available, particularly in respect to a given place or places

(3.3.4.13)

adaptation

work (3.2.1.07) derived from another, especially when intended for a different medium (3.2.1.25) or genre, in a different literary or musical form

(3.4.2.04)

added copy

duplicate (3.4.3.04) acquired for, or retained in, a collection (2) <gathering> (3.6.1.05)

(3.4.3.06)

addendum

document (3.1.1.38) containing supplementary matter to a document and produced subsequently but intended to accompany it, completing or correcting passages of text (3.2.1.05) and clearly stating its intended function

(3.5.8.20)

adhesive

substance with the capability of bonding materials to each other by chemical or mechanical action or both

(3.3.5.2.36)

adhesive binding

binding (1) <covers> (3.5.9.1.10), hard cover or soft cover, in which the signatures (4) <folded leaves> (3.5.9.2.03) are milled and the separate leaves (3.5.9.1.01) glued together by means of an adhesive (3.3.5.2.35)

[SOURCE: ISO 11800:1998, definition 3.1, modified]

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO 16763:2016, definitions 3.2.1 and 3.2.4; ISO 12637-4:2008, definition 2.2.

(3.5.9.3.09)

administrative document

document (3.1.1.38) created in pursuing the daily activities of a territorial corporate body (3.1.1.57) or any organization (3.1.1.55) in general

(3.4.6.04)

administrative history

part of the records (1) <document(s)> (3.1.13.16)description (1) <activity> (3.2.1.28) indicating the organization (3.1.1.55) that created or accumulated (3.2.1.37) the holdings (3.6.1.01) and its history

(3.5.4.08)

administrative library

library (3.2.3.02) established within a governmental body and mainly intended for use by staff

(3.6.4.1.24)

administrative metadata

metadata (3.1.10.26.01) about the maintenance and housekeeping for digital data (3.1.1.15) or digital documents (3.1.1.38), including records (2) <set of data> (3.1.13.22)

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO/TR 14873:2013, definition 2.3.

(3.1.10.26.03)

administrative value

primary value (3.3.1.01) of documents (3.1.1.38), records (1) <document(s)> (3.1.13.16) and archives (2) <records> (3.6.1.03) for the conduct of administrative business

(3.3.1.03)

advertising journal

newspaper (3.4.1.28.04)-like publication (3.1.8.27) consisting essentially of advertisements for products, shops and events, largely financed by the interested business and often distributed free of charge to a general audience

(3.4.1.28.17)

aging

deterioration (3.12.1.09) with the passage of time

Note 1 to entry: See also EN 15898:2011, definition 3.2.6; “natural ageing” (ISO 18913:2012, definition 3.122).

(3.12.1.18)

albumen print

photographic (3.4.5.1.01)print (3.4.7.68) obtained in a coating (3.12.3.01) of albumen which is made light sensitive with silver salts and exposed to light through a photographic negative

(3.4.5.2.05)

alienation

transfer (2) <activity> (3.6.2.2.06) or loss of custody (3.1.1.58) of records (1) <documents> (3.1.13.16) or archives (2) <records> (3.6.1.03) by their custodian or owner to someone not legally entitled to them

Note 1 to entry: See also “inalienability” (3.6.5.10) and “removed archives” (3.6.3.32).

(3.6.2.2.14)

alkali reserve

measure of a chemical compound added to paper (1) <material> (3.3.5.2.01) to neutralize any acid generated by natural aging (3.12.1.17) or from atmospheric pollution, determined by specified conditions of test

(3.12.2.09)

allotype

single biological specimen (3.3.2.10) chosen from the paratype (3.3.2.15) which has the opposite sex to the holotype (3.3.2.12)

(3.3.2.14)

all-through alphabetization

letter-by-letter arrangement

something-before-nothing order

character (3.1.4.02)filing (2) <sorting of characters> (3.9.2.02) in which the space character is ignored so that all text (3.2.1.05) characters in the entity to be filed are filed consecutively as one text string, as if they were one word (1) <orthographic word>

(3.1.1.68)

alphabet

ordered set (3.1.1.09) of characters (3.1.4.02) that are used to record messages (3.1.8.02) for a specific language (3.1.5.01)

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO/IEC 2382:2015, definition 2121567, and ISO 7098:2015, definition 2.2.

(3.1.5.17)

alphabetic catalogue

catalogue ordered in alphabetic order (3.1.1.14) of its entries (3.2.1.32)

Note 1 to entry: Most often a catalogue (2) <holdings-related list> (3.5.1.01).

(3.5.2.12)

alphabetic language

language (3.1.5.01), the written form of which is based on letters (1) <character> (3.1.4.07) or symbols (3.1.4.17) used to represent speech sounds

Note 1 to entry: Like most European languages, Arabic, or Hebrew.

[SOURCE: ISO 5776:2016, definition 2.1]

(3.1.6.18)

alphabetical display (of a thesaurus)

display (3.1.11.14) of a thesaurus (3.8.3.01) showing terms (3.1.5.25) and their relations (3.1.1.12) to other index terms (3.8.1.08) and equivalent terms in alphabetical order (3.1.1.14), sometimes including scope notes (3.8.3.22)

(3.8.4.13)

alphabetico-classified catalogue

catalogue based on alphabetically ordered broad classes (3.8.5.03) subdivided by subjects, also arranged alphabetically, and the entries (3.2.1.32) arranged alphabetically within each subject

Note 1 to entry: Most often a catalogue (2) <holdings-related list> (3.5.1.01).

(3.5.2.11)

alternative title

second part of the title proper (3.7.4.02) of a document (3.1.1.38) linked to the first by “or”

(3.7.4.10)

alum

aluminium sulphate used in combination with rosin as a size (3.3.5.2.24)

Note 1 to entry: This is one of the potential sources of acidity in paper (1) <material> .

(3.3.5.2.26)

An idea, a tool or an art object (3.4.6.12).

Note 1 to entry: Objects created for their aesthetic value are considered art objects.

[SOURCE: ISO 18461:2016, definition 2.5.4]

Note 2 to entry: See also artefact (2) <distortion> (3.12.4.31)and ISO 21127:2014, classes E 22 and E 24.

(3.2.1.03)

analogue document

analogue resource

document (3.1.1.38) usable without digital equipment

(3.3.3.02)

analytic relation

formal relation (3.1.7.10) made explicit in tables (3.4.7.26) or the term (3.1.5.25) list of an indexing language (3.8.1.06)

(3.1.7.12)

analytical method (of thesaurus construction)

a posteriori method

thesaurus (3.8.3.01) construction method based on the analysis of documents (3.1.1.38) and used for the construction of controlled vocabularies (3.8.1.05)

(3.8.4.03)

annotation

part of a document (3.1.1.38) giving a short verbal content description (3.8.1.02) of another document (3.1.1.38), a part of it, or a short comment on either document

Note 1 to entry: Annotations may be an original part of the document or may have been added later in handwriting (3.1.6.07). Also, they may be contained in a “catalogue record” (3.1.13.17) or may be “marginal notes” (3.5.8.36) in a document itself. They usually consist of only one phrase or sentence.

(3.5.4.04)

anonymized data

personal data (3.1.10.13) modified in such a way that direct reference to data subjects (3.13.4.01) is eliminated

(3.1.10.16)

anonymous document

document (3.1.1.38) by an unknown or unmentioned author (3.7.1.01)

(3.4.1.19)

anthology

selected extracts

document (3.1.1.38) consisting of a collection (2) <gathering> (3.6.1.05) of full documents or of extracts, usually of literary works (3.2.1.07)

(3.4.1.27.12)

anthroponym

personal name

name (3.1.5.28) of a human being

(3.1.5.44)

antiquarian book shop

book shop (3.2.3.03) for the sale of older books (1) <intellectual work> (3.4.1.27.04) no longer widely available, out-of-print books (1), sometimes of particularly valuable and precious books (1), as well as often of arts and craft, paintings (3.4.7.52), graphic objects (3.1.1.01) or personal papers (3.6.3.06) and manuscripts (1) <non-printed document> (3.4.7.02)

Note 1 to entry: An antiquarian book shop may be a department of a bookshop. Also, second-hand book shops and antiquarian book shops are sometimes combined into one. Antiquarian book shops also fulfill partial functions of an information and documentation organization (3.2.3.37).

(3.2.3.06)

antique

artefact (1) <man-made object> (3.2.1.02) stemming from the period of classical Greek and Roman antiquity (from approximately 2000 B.C. to 400 A. D.) and representing a certain style of works of art (3.4.6.13)

(3.3.2.32)

apocryphal document estate

artificial document estate

facticious document estate

ficticious document estate

pseudo document estate

spurious document estate

(document estate (3.6.3.09) as composed ex post, in the absence of actual core holdings (3.6.1.01) of documents (3.1.1.38) having descended from a single provenance (3.6.2.1.09), by bringing together from various provenances documents related to the deceased person into a collection (2) <gathering> (3.6.1.05))

(3.6.3.15)

appendix

document (3.1.1.38) part containing text (3.2.1.05) or pictures (3.4.7.51) or evidence documents elaborating in greater detail on topics treated in a document than is the case in its general balanced disposition, complementing the main text (3.2.1.05) and therefore placed after the regular components that make up the document

EXAMPLE:

Statistical tables, photographs, questionnaires, reproductions of original documents.

Note 1 to entry: See also accompanying material (3.4.7.20), supplement (3.4.7.19), addendum (3.5.8.19).

(3.5.8.19)

appraisal

process of determining the value of records (1) <documents> (3.1.13.16) or other documents (3.1.1.38) for the purpose of determining disposition (3.6.5.05) or acquisition (3.6.2.2.01) actions, or in some cases, financial value (3.3.1.03)

(3.6.2.2 Acquisition)

(3.6.2.2.01)

aquarium

establishment that maintains a collection (2) <gathering> (3.6.1.05) of live aquatic animals and plants for display to the public, study, and conservation (3.12.1.01)

[SOURCE: ISO 18461:2016, definition 2.2.1]

(3.2.3.31)

aquatint

print (3.4.7.68) from a plate of metal initially coated with powdered resin or asphalt, in which the design has been made by partially removing and adding extra powder, thus exposing the plate to varying degrees of etching with acid

(3.4.5.3.19)

aqueous deacidification

deacidification (3.12.6.08) using water-based solutions

(3.12.6.10)

arboretum

botanic garden (3.2.3.31) devoted to trees

[SOURCE: ISO 18461:2016, definition 2.2.2]

(3.2.3.33)

archaeology museum

museum (3.2.3.06) owing all or a part of its collections (2) <gathering> (3.6.1.04) to excavations

[SOURCE: ISO 18461:2016, definition 2.2.3]

(3.6.4.3.14)

archival description

creation of an accurate representation of a unit of description (3.7.2.02) and its component parts, if any, by capturing, analyzing, organizing and recording information (3.1.1.16) that serves to identify, manage, locate and explain archival materials and the context (3.1.2.05) and records (1) <document(s)> (3.1.13.16)systems (3.1.1.13) which produced it

Note 1 to entry: Archival description also refers to the products of the process.

[SOURCE: ISAD (G):2009 Glossary of terms associated with the general rules]

(3.7.2.08)

Archival guide.

Note 1 to entry: See also guide (1) <introductory document> (3.4.7.39).

(3.5.4.09)

archival item

item (2)

smallest intellectually indivisible archival unit (3.4.4.07)

EXAMPLE:

A letter (2) <document> , memorandum, report, photograph, sound recording.

[SOURCE: ISAD (G):1999 Glossary of terms associated with the general rules]

(3.4.4.10)

archival jurisdiction

organizational (3.1.1.55) or geographical area legally determined as an archives’ (1) <organization> (3.2.3.01) area of competence and responsibility for the transfer (3.6.2.2.06) of documents (3.1.1.38) from the relevant corporate bodies (3.1.1.57) in the area legally required to transfer documents into an archives (1) <organization>

Note 1 to entry: See also “service area” (3.11.3.14).

(3.1.2 Framework concepts)

(3.1.2.01)

archival quality

physical properties (3.1.1.03) inherent in a document (3.1.1.38) or the materials used in its conservation (3.12.1.01) or restoration (3.12.1.02) permitting its indefinite preservation (3.2.1.39) and use under controlled conditions

(3.12.1.09)

archival science

branch of information science (3.2.2.01) applied to the organization, administration and operations of archives (2) <records> (3.6.1.03) or archives (1) <organization> (3.2.3.01)

(3.2.2.07)

archival subseries

records series (3.6.3.30) within a records series

Note 1 to entry: See also subseries (3.4.1.27.03).

(3.6.3.32)

archival system

organized collection (2) <gathering> (3.6.1.05) of hardware (3.1.12.15), software (3.1.12.14), policies, procedures and people, which maintains, stores (3.9.1.01), manages and makes available records (1) <document(s)> (3.1.13.16) over time

[SOURCE: ISO 23081-2:2009, definition 3.1]

(3.1.13.36)

archival unit

single document (3.1.1.38) or set (3.1.1.09) of documents in an archives (2) <records> (3.6.1.03), treated as an entity (3.1.13.27)

(3.4.4.08)

archive group

record group

fonds (2)

<primary arrangement division> primary division in archival arrangement (1) <archival operation> (3.2.1.30) at the level of the independent originating (3.2.3.33) unit or agency

Note 1 to entry: For Continental European countries the equivalent is fonds (2) <primary arrangement division> (3.6.3.27). See alsofonds (1) <whole of the records> (3.6.3.25) ; fonds (3) <closed record group (3.6.3.29).

(3.6.3.28)

archives (1), pl

record office

<organization> organization (3.1.1.55) or part of an organization responsible for selection, acquisition (3.6.2.2.01), preservation (3.2.1.39) and availability (3.11.1.03) of one or more archives (2) <records> (3.6.1.03)

Note 1 to entry: See also archives (2) <records> (3.6.1.03).

archives (2), pl

permanent records

<records> materials created or received by a person, family or organization (3.1.1.55), public or private, in the conduct of their affairs and preserved (3.2.1.39) because of the enduring value contained in them or as evidence (3.1.1.50) of the functions and responsibilities of their creator (3.7.1.06), especially those materials maintained using the principles of provenance (3.9.1.10), of original order (3.9.1.11) and of collective control

[SOURCE: ISO 16175-1:2010, page 15]

Note 1 to entry: See also archives (1) <organization> (3.2.3.01).

(3.6.1.04)

archivist

person serving in the archival field with professional training in archival science (3.2.2.06) or professional skills gained in the work

(3.2.4.05)

arrangement (1)

<archival operation> intellectual and/or physical operations for organizing and controlling documents (3.1.1.38)

Note 1 to entry: Arrangement (1) is often used to designate the result of such operations.

arrangement (2)

<adaptation> adaptation (3.4.2.03) of a music (3.2.1.06)work (3.2.1.07) for performance by voices or instruments other than those for which it was originally composed or by musicians or singers of a different level of ability from that originally intended

Note 1 to entry: See also arrangement (1) <archival operation> (3.2.1.30).

(3.4.2.05)

array

group of sibling concepts (3.8.3.18)

Note 1 to entry: An array includes only the direct children of a parent concept, and does not include narrower concepts of these.

[SOURCE: ISO 25964-1:2011, definition 2.1]

(3.8.5.06)

art lending library

organization (3.1.1.55) or department of a public library (3.6.4.1.18) with collections (2) <gathering> (3.6.1.05) of art books (1) <intellectual work> (3.4.1.27.04), works of art (3.4.6.12) [e.g. pictures (3.4.7.51), sculptures (3.3.2.2.2)] and reproductions (3.4.7.17), commissioned to lend those books (1) and works of art for a specified time period to users

[SOURCE: ISO/TR 11219:2012, definition 2.4, modified]

(3.6.4.1.27)

art library

collection (2) <gathering> (3.6.1.05) of the relevant literature referring to art and sometimes of original works of art (3.4.6.12) or reproductions (3.4.7.17) thereof

(3.6.4.1.26)

art museum

museum (3.2.3.06) concerned with works (3.2.1.07) of visual art

Note 1 to entry: Includes museums of sculpture, picture galleries, museums of photography and cinema, and museums of architecture.

Note 2 to entry: Commercial art galleries are excluded.

[SOURCE: ISO 18461:2016, definition 2.2.3]

(3.6.4.3.11)

art object

work of art

artistic document

work (3.2.1.07) made with an artistic intention or considered of artistic value

[SOURCE: ISO 18461:2016, definition 2.5.3, modified]

(3.4.6.13)

art objects estate

artistic estate (2)

<external artistic works> artistic estate (1) <all artistic works> (3.6.3.20) or part of it that consists of art objects (3.4.6.12) or arts and crafts objects (3.1.1.01) encountered in the estate of, but not created by, the deceased person

Note 1 to entry: See also artistic estate (1) <all artistic works> (3.6.3.20).

(3.6.3.24)

art paper (1)

<drawing paper> high-grade drawing (3.4.7.53)paper (1) <material> (3.3.5.2.01)

Note 1 to entry: See also art paper (2) <coated paper> (3.3.5.2.13).

(3.3.5.2.13)

art paper (2)

<coated paper> coated paper (3.3.5.2.18), free from ground wood paper (3.3.5.2.04), intended for fine screen printing (1) <technical process> (3.3.5.1.01)

Note 1 to entry: See also art paper (1) <drawing paper> (3.3.5.2.12).

(3.3.5.2.14)

artefact (1)

<man-made object> object (3.1.1.01) made or shaped by a human

EXAMPLE:

artefact (2)

<distortion> distortion of the correct image (3.2.1.04) or sound rendering of an electrical or digital device

Note 1 to entry: See also artefact (1) <man-made object> (3.2.1.02).

(3.12.4.32)

article

document (3.1.1.38) in the form of an independent text (3.2.1.05) forming a part of a publication (3.1.8.27)

(3.5.8.07)

articles in press

full-text (3.2.1.05)articles (3.5.8.06) that have been accepted for publication (3.1.8.27) in a journal (3.4.1.28.03) and have been made available online to customers, and which will be assigned a publication date (3.3.4.10) of the current year or a future year

(3.3.4.18)

artificial language

language (3.1.5.01) whose rules are explicitly established prior to its use

[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 2382:2015, definition 2121380]

(3.1.5.09)

artist’s book

volume (3.3.5.2.37) made with an artistic intention

(3.4.7.82)

artist’s signature

signature (2)

signature (1) <autograph> (3.5.8.53) of its creator on a non-textual (3.2.1.05)graphic (3.4.7.28) or sculptural (3.3.2.22)work of art (3.4.6.12) stating authorship

Note 1 to entry: See also signature (1) <autograph> (3.5.8.53); signature (3) <printing> (3.5.9.2.06)signature (4) <folded leaves> (3.5.9.2.03).

(3.5.8.55)

artistic estate (1)

all artistic works personal estate (3.6.3.08) or part of it that consists of material objects (3.1.1.60) embodying artistic work(s) (3.2.1.07) in non-verbal from

Note 1 to entry: Includes drawings, paintings, artistic textiles, sculptures, etc.

Note 2 to entry: See also artistic estate (2) <external artistic works> (3.6.3.23)

(3.6.3.21)

artistic photo

photograph (3.4.5.1.01) taken to implement an artistic intention into a work of art (3.4.6.12)

(3.4.7.71)

asset

anything that has value to the organization (3.1.1.55)

Note 1 to entry: There are many types of assets, including: a) information (3.1.1.21); b) software (3.1.12.14), such as a computer program; c) physical, such as computer; d) services; e) people, and their qualifications, skills, and experience; and f) intangibles, such as reputation and image.

Note 2 to entry: See also ISO 10668:2010, definition 2.1; ISO/IEC TR 21000-1:2004, definition 2.2.

(3.1.1.44)

assigned indexing

controlled indexing

indexing (3.8.2.01) method where the index terms (3.8.1.08) are taken from an indexing language (3.8.1.06)

(3.8.2.04)

associative relationship

relationship (3.1.1.12) between a pair of concepts (3.1.1.02) that are not related hierarchically but share a strong semantic connection

[SOURCE: ISO 25964-1:2011, definition 2.2]

(3.1.7.09)

astrotoponym

toponym (3.1.5.31) of an extraterrestrial topographic object (3.1.1.01)

(3.1.5.40)

atlas

document (3.1.1.38) being a collection (2) <gathering> (3.6.1.05) of maps (3.4.7.59)

(3.4.7.61)

audio guide

hand-held device providing recorded audio information (3.1.1.16) for visitors touring a museum (3.2.3.06), gallery (3.2.3.28), or other place of interest

[SOURCE: ISO 18461:2016, definition 2.4.1]

(3.11.3.28)

audiography

list (3.4.7.25) or retrieval system (3.10.1.05) allowing access (3.11.1.01) to data (3.1.1.15) which describe (3.2.1.28) and uniquely identify (3.2.1.26) audio recordings (3.3.3.19)

Note 1 to entry: Special types of audiographies do focus on a certain artist, genre, time period or production company.

(3.5.2.21)

audiovisual document

document (3.1.1.38) in which sound and/or pictures (3.4.7.51) are prominent, and which requires the use of special equipment to be seen and/or heard

Note 1 to entry: This includes audio documents such as phonographic records, tapes, cassettes, audio compact discs, DVDs, files of digital audio recordings; visual documents such as slides, transparencies; and combined audiovisual documents, such as motion pictures, video recordings, computer games, etc.

Note 2 to entry: For library (3.2.3.02) and museum (3.2.3.06) statistics purposes, microforms (3.4.5.1.03) are excluded.

[SOURCE: ISO 18461:2016, definition 2.5.5, modified]

(3.3.3.08)

audiovisual record

carrier (3.1.1.40) for the recording (3.3.3.19) and storage (1) <placement> (3.9.1.01) of sounds and images (3.2.1.04)

(3.4.5.5.18)

audiovisual work

work (3.2.1.07) consisting of a sequence of related images (3.2.1.04) with accompanying sound, which is intended to be made visible as a moving image (3.4.5.1.08) through the use of devices

(3.4.7.64)

auditive communication

communication (3.1.8.04) executed through the auditive perception (3.1.1.33) of a hearing organ

Note 1 to entry: Auditive communication takes place, i.a., in the reception of music (3.2.1.06) and in oral communication (3.1.8.13).

(3.1.8.13)

authentication

act of verifying that a document (3.1.1.38) is what it purports to be

[SOURCE: International Council on Archives, “Dictionary of Archival Terminology” (Draft Third Edition/DAT III, 1999), modified]

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO/TS 16791:2014, definition 3.1.3.

(3.1.1.52)

authenticity metadata

metadata (3.1.10.26.01) that conveys information (3.1.1.16) needed to link (3.1.12.30) a data object (3.1.1.01) to its original source

Note 1 to entry: Authenticity is provided by appropriate metadata, within an archive and digital retention and preservation context, results from verifying that a digital object and its state information has not changed.

[SOURCE: SOURCE:http://smw-rda.esc.rzg.mpg.de/index.php/Authenticity_metadata]

(3.1.10.26.13)

author

person considered to be responsible for the creation of a document (3.1.1.38) or of research data (3.1.10.10)

Note 1 to entry: See also “pseudonym” (3.1.5.45) and “right to be identified” (3.13.3.2.02).

(3.7.1.02)

author abstract

abstract (3.5.4.01) provided by the author (3.7.1.01) of the abstracted work (3.2.1.07)

(3.5.4.12)

author affiliation

corporate body (3.1.1.57) to which an author (3.7.1.01) is attached

(3.7.1.04)

author catalogue

catalogue with only author (3.7.1.01) and title (3.7.4.01)entries (3.2.1.32) as access points (3.7.2.14)

Note 1 to entry: Most often a catalogue (2) <holdings-related list> (3.5.1.01).

(3.5.2.10)

author heading

heading (2) <access point> (3.7.3.01) based on the name (3.1.5.28) of the author (3.7.1.01)

Note 1 to entry: Author headings are sometimes followed by function, title or dates relating to the author.

(3.7.3.03)

author’s editor

person or organization (3.1.1.55) undertaking editing (3.3.4.02) for an author (3.7.1.01) and hired by him or her

(3.2.4.09)

authoritative source

work (3.2.1.07) known to be reliable because its authority or authenticity is widely recognized by experts in the field

[SOURCE: SOURCE:http://smw-rda.esc.rzg.mpg.de/index.php/Authoritative_source]

(3.2.1.22)

authority control

operations to ensure standardized allocation of access points (3.7.2.14) to a document (3.1.1.38) in a retrieval system (3.10.1.05)

(3.7.2.16)

authority file

standardized list (3.4.7.25) of access points (3.7.2.14), including names (3.1.5.28), in a vocabulary (3.5.5.06)

(3.7.2.30)

authority record

entry (3.2.1.32) in an authority file (3.7.2.29)

(3.7.2.29)

author's rights, pl

all the rights conferred on the author (3.7.1.01) of an intellectual work (3.1.1.45)

(3.13.3.1.02)

autobiography

biography (3.4.7.87) for which the portrayed person or organization (3.1.1.55) themselves take responsibility

(3.4.7.89)

autograph (2)

holograph (1)

<name in handwriting> short text (3.2.1.05) or the name (3.1.5.28) or pseudonym (3.1.5.45) of a person written in the person's own handwriting (3.1.6.07)

Note 1 to entry: autographs (2) of prominent persons are often sought-after collectibles.

automated search

search from a discovery layer or similar technology where multiple databases (3.1.13.03) are searched simultaneously with a single query (3.10.3.01) from the user interface

Note 1 to entry: The end user (3.11.2.06) is not responsible for selecting which databases are being searched.

(3.10.3 Search operations and evaluation of their results)

(3.10.3.01)

automatic indexing

indexing (3.8.2.01) done by means of a computer programme

(3.8.2.07)

auxiliary table

part of a classification system (3.8.5.02) containing general subdivisions for application in two or more main classes (3.8.5.06)

(3.8.6 Types of classifications)

(3.8.6.01)

availability

degree to which materials, facilities or information services (3.2.1.33) are actually provided by an information and documentation organization (3.2.3.37) at the time they are required by information users (3.11.2.05)

[SOURCE: ISO 16439:2014, definition 3.6]

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO/TS 27790:2009, definition 3.10.

(3.11.1.04)

back

combined binding edges (3.5.9.2.20) of a book block (3.5.9.2.02)

(3.5.9.2.08)

back up, verb

to copy (3.1.11.07) and store (3.9.1.01) electronic data (3.1.1.15) for security or later processing

(3.1.12 Digital data processing)

(3.1.12.01)

backing

conservation (3.12.1.01) measure of adding a strengthening layer of material behind a flat document (3.1.1.38) while keeping the document as close as possible to its original state

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO 16763:2016, definition 3.1.1.

(3.12.6.24)

backlist

list (3.4.7.25) from a publisher (3.2.3.15) of their publications (3.1.8.27)published (3.3.4.01) at an earlier date but still available

(3.5.1.37)

backlog

total quantity of items that should have been processed at a certain date but have not

EXAMPLE:

Number of documents (3.1.1.38) to be ordered or catalogued (3.2.1.29); number of information (3.1.1.21)requests (3.10.2.06) to be answered; etc.

(3.11.7.08)

back-to-back shelving

shelving (3.9.2.06) on two rows of shelves (3.11.3.10) with adjacent backs (3.5.9.2.07) of the documents (3.1.1.38)

(3.9.2.14)

back-up service

follow-up information service (3.2.1.33) providing the documents (3.1.1.38) selected after a successful search

(3.5.6.04)

bamboo-slips

strips of bamboo or wood brushed with text (3.2.1.05)characters (3.1.4.02), sequentially organized and bound with leather strips or silk strings

Note 1 to entry: One of major styles of books in ancient China (ca. 8th century B.C.-5th century).

(3.3.3.23)

bar code

digital coding (3.1.11.04)system (3.1.1.13) showing an eye-visible linear array of rectangular marks of (possibly) varying width, height and vertical alignment, separated by spaces of (possibly) varying width in which the positioning and size of marks and spaces are used to code information (3.1.1.16) to identify various types of material objects (3.1.1.60)

[SOURCE: ISO 29404:2015, definition 3.2, modified]

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO 6196-8:1998, definition 08.06.05; ISOIEC 2382-2015, definition 2125632; ISO 17712:2013, definition 3.1.6; ISO 12651-1:2012, definition 4.16; ISO/TS 16791:2014, definition 3.1.8.

(3.2.5.12)

barrier sheet

sheet of paper (1) <material> (3.3.5.2.01) inserted to prevent either off-setting (3.12.4.34) from one page (3.5.9.1.02) to another or migration of a chemical agent

(3.3.5.2.30)

barrier-free access

universal access

accessibility (3.11.1.02) of the information and documentation organization (3.2.3.37) to users with physical requirements other than those of the average user, e.g. as to the height of shelves (3.11.3.10), tables and equipment or as to working places for visually impaired persons

[SOURCE: ISO/TR 11219:2012, definition 2.8]

(3.11.3.30)

base

character (3.1.4.02)set (3.1.1.09) of a notation (2) <notation system> (3.8.5.19)

(3.8.5.22)

base form

reference form

word (1) <orthographic word> (3.1.5.18) form chosen according to lexicographical conventions representing the forms of a paradigm

EXAMPLE:

Bind: bind, bound, binds, binding.

Note 1 to entry: The concept base form is also applied to multi-word terms.

(3.1.5.21)

basic collection

basic level collection

basic stock

library collection (3.6.1.02) that supplies the documents (3.1.1.38) providing the basic knowledge (3.1.1.17) of one or more subject fields (3.1.2.07)

(3.6.1.09)

batch search

deferred search

search method by which several queries (3.10.3.01) are brought together for joint processing in a scheduled job of the retrieval system (3.10.1.05)

(3.10.2.25)

bay

carrel

work space for information users (3.11.2.05) in the reader area (3.11.3.19) which is shielded against its environment but not completely closed

[SOURCE: ISO/TR 11219:2012, definition 2.12]

Note 1 to entry: In a bay, loans (3.11.4.03) or working papers may be kept for continuous research.

(3.11.3.22)

bay shelving

shelving (3.9.2.06) in single- or double-sided units of shelves (3.11.3.10) arranged horizontally and enclosed between uprights or upright frames

Note 1 to entry: Bay-shelving units may offer access (3.11.1.01) on both sides.

(3.9.2.15)

bibliographic classification

library classification

book classification

classification system (3.8.5.02) designed to allow libraries (3.2.3.02) to label (1) <identifier> (3.1.12.24) each volume (3.3.5.2.37) with only one notation (3) <class number> (3.8.3.24)

EXAMPLE:

Bliss Bibliographic Classification, 1900-; 1967-.

(3.8.6.02)

bibliographic coupling

method of indexing (3.8.2.01) or classifying (3.8.5.01) based on the link (3.1.12.30) formed between two documents (3.1.1.38) and by their common citation (3.5.8.16) of one or more other documents

(3.8.2.14)

bibliographic database

bibliographic retrieval system (3.10.1.07) in the form of a database (3.1.13.03)

Note 1 to entry: A bibliographic database frequently also contains content descriptions (1) <activity> (3.2.1.28) and index terms (3.8.1.08).

(3.10.2 Search methods and elements)

(3.10.2.01)

bibliographic description

description (1) <activity> (3.2.1.28) of a bibliographic resource (3.7.2.10) according to established rules, based on data (3.1.1.15) transcribed from specific sources mainly within the bibliographic resource (3.7.2.10)

Note 1 to entry: Bibliographic description also refers to the products of the process.

(3.7.2.07)

bibliographic element

data element (3.1.13.05) used in bibliographic description (3.7.2.06)

EXAMPLE:

Date of publication, publication place, title.

(3.7.2.14)

bibliographic entry

entry (3.2.1.32) containing a bibliographic description (3.7.2.06)

(3.7.2.18)

bibliographic format

cataloguing format

prescribed sequence of elements (3.1.1.10) of description (1) <activity> (3.2.1.28) with their corresponding code elements (3.1.13.11) and rules of application

Note 1 to entry: See also data format (3.1.13.12).

(3.7.2.31)

bibliographic resource

resource, either serial (3.4.1.28.01) or non-serial, that forms the basis for a single resource description (1) <activity> (3.2.1.28)

[SOURCE: ISO 8459:2009, definition 2.7, modified]

Note 1 to entry: Bibliographic resources include documents containing text, music, still and moving images, etc.

bibliographic retrieval system

retrieval system (3.10.1.05) allowing access (3.11.1.01) to bibliographic data (3.1.1.15)

(3.10.1.08)

bibliographic unit

unit of description (3.7.2.02) used in bibliographic description (3.7.2.06)

EXAMPLE:

Volume, digital file, map, film reel.

(3.7.2.12)

bibliography (1)

<activity> theories, activities and techniques of identification (3.2.1.26) and description (3.2.1.28) of documents (3.1.1.38)

Note 1 to entry: See also bibliography (2) <universal document list> (3.5.1.02).

(3.2.2.12)

bibliography (2)

<universal document list> list (3.4.7.25) or bibliographic retrieval system (3.10.1.07) allowing access (3.11.1.01) to data (3.1.1.15) which describe (3.2.1.28) and uniquely identify (3.2.1.26)documents (3.1.1.38), independently of whether or not they are contained in a specific collection (2) <gathering> (3.6.1.05) or a citation (3.5.8.16) is made to them in a given document

Note 1 to entry: See also bibliography (1) <activity> (3.2.2.11); list of references (3.5.8.17); catalogue (2) <holdings-related list> (3.5.1.01).

bibliology

study of the techniques of the production and the dissemination of books (1) <intellectual work> (3.4.1.27.04) and volumes (3.3.5.2.37)

(3.2.2.13)

bibliometrics

mathematical and statistical methods applied to the use of documents (3.1.1.38) and the patterns of publication (3.1.8.27)

(3.1.3.08)

big data

extensive datasets/collections (3.6.1.04)/linked data (3.1.10.03) primarily characterized (3.1.1.04) by big volume (3.3.5.2.37), extensive variety, high velocity (creation and use), and/or variability that together require a scalable architecture for efficient data storage (1) <placement> (3.9.1.01), manipulation, and analysis

[SOURCE: http://smw-rda.esc.rzg.mpg.de/index.php/Big_Data]

(3.1.10.10)

binder's board

rigid solid board (1) <paper> (3.3.5.2.02), made from a base stock of paper (1) <material> (3.5.9.2.01) pulp and of a grammage of 225 g/m2 or more for use as board (2) <cover> (3.5.9.2.16)

[SOURCE: ISO 11800:1998, definition 3.6, modified]

(3.5.9.2.18)

binding (1)

book binding (1)

<covers> covers (2) <covering material> (3.5.9.2.13) attached to one edge of the book block (3.5.9.2.02)

Note 1 to entry: See also binding (2) <activity> (3.5.9.2.01) and ISO 11800:1998, definition 3.5.

(3.5.9.1.11)

binding (2)

book binding (2)

<activity> process or techniques of fastening leaves (3.5.9.1.01) together and attaching them to covers (2) <covering material> (3.5.9.2.13)

Note 1 to entry: See also binding (1) <covers> (3.5.9.1.10); ISO 11800:1998, definition 3.5; and ISO 16763:2016, definition 3.1.2.

(3.5.9.2.02)

binding edge

rear edge of the leaves (3.5.9.1.01) or sections (2) <folded leaves> (3.5.9.2.03) of a volume (3.3.5.2.37)

[SOURCE: ISO 14416:2003, definition 3.4, modified]

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO 16763:2016, definition 3.3.1.

(3.5.9.2.21)

biodeterioration

deterioration (3.12.1.09) caused by biological agents

(3.12.1.11)

biographical dictionary

dictionary (3.5.5.02) consisting of entries (3.2.1.32) on persons with information (3.1.1.21) about their lives as a whole or of certain aspects of these lives

Note 1 to entry: biographical dictionaries may be worldwide or national, restricted to living or to historical persons, or focusing on persons in a specific subject area.

Note 2 to entry: See also biography (3.4.7.87).

(3.5.6 Services to obtain documents)

(3.5.6.01)

biographical note

notes (3.7.1.11) containing a few data (3.1.1.15) on the biography of a person

(3.7.1.13)

biography

document (3.1.1.38) portraying the life of one or more persons or organizations (3.1.1.55)

(3.4.7.88)

biological cleaning

cleaning (3.12.6.01) by the application of enzymes

(3.12.6.06)

birch bark scroll

thin sheets of flattened bark used as a writing (3.1.11.01)medium (3.2.1.25) by the Anishinaabe people of North America

(3.3.2.34)

black-and-white film

film which produces a monochromatic picture (3.4.7.51) in shades of grey [usually a metallic silver image (3.2.1.04)]

[SOURCE: ISO 4246:1994, definition 46]

(3.3.3.31)

blank character

space character

character (3.1.4.02) defining a void space within a sequence of characters

(3.1.4.13)

bleaching (1)

<paper brightness> treatment of pulp with chemical substances to improve the brightness of the resulting paper (1) <material> (3.3.5.2.01)

Note 1 to entry: See also bleaching (2) <chemical cleaning> (3.12.6.07).

(3.12.4 Types of damage to documents)

(3.12.4.01)

bleaching (2)

<chemical cleaning> chemical cleaning (3.12.6.06) by means of an oxidizing or reducing agent

Note 1 to entry: See also bleaching (1) <paper brightness> (3.12.3.06).

(3.12.6.08)

bleeding

washing out or migration of a pigment (3.3.5.2.21) or dye (3.3.5.2.22) into a neighbouring area through contact with a liquid

(3.12.4.34)

blend

word (1) <orthographic word> (3.1.5.18) formed by clipping (3.1.5.48) and combining two separate words (1) <orthographic word>

EXAMPLE:

“brunch” for “breakfast and lunch”.

(3.1.5.51)

blister

local convex deformation at the surface of a material caused by entrapped air, gas or liquid

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO 18913:2012, definition 3.18; ISO 4618:2014, definition 2.29.

(3.12.4.06)

block letters

printing (2)

<handwriting> handwriting (3.1.6.07) in the form of capital letters (1) <character> (3.1.4.07), executed one by one when writing (3.1.11.01) a word (1) <orthographic word> (3.1.5.18), instead of a continuous flow of writing

Note 1 to entry: See also printing (1) (3.3.5.1.01).

(3.1.6.09)

blocking

sticking together of similar or dissimilar materials in physical contact

[SOURCE: ISO 18913:2012, definition 3.20]

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO 12651-1:2012, definition 4.21.

blog

weblog

web page (3.3.3.25) that is a frequent continuing resource (3.4.1.05) of web links (3.1.12.30) and/or comments on a particular topic (3.2.1.17) or subject (broad or narrow in scope), often in the form of short articles (3.5.8.06) arranged in reverse chronological order (3.1.1.64), the most recently added piece of information (3.1.1.16) appearing first

Note 1 to entry: The information can be written (3.1.11.01) or collected by the site owner or be contributed by users.

[SOURCE: ISO 2789:2013, definition 2.2.4, modified]

(3.4.1.28.15)

blurb

text (3.2.1.05) on a publication (3.1.8.27) or on a separate leaflet containing a short publisher's (3.2.3.15) description, usually also for advertising purposes, of the document (3.1.1.38) and possibly information (3.1.1.21) on its author (3.7.1.01)

Note 1 to entry: See also liner notes (3.5.8.51).

(3.4.7.47)

board (1)

<paper> paper (1) <material> (3.3.5.2.01) of a relatively high rigidity (3.12.2.19)

Note 1 to entry: The term “paper (1) <material>” may be used for both paper (1) <material > and board (1) <paper> . Materials of grammage less than 225g/m2 are generally considered to be paper (1), and materials of grammage of 225g/m2 or more to be board (1) <paper > .

board (2)

<cover> board (1) <paper> (3.3.5.2.02) affixed to either side of the book block (3.5.9.2.02) as part of the cover (2) <covering material> (3.5.9.2.13)

Note 1 to entry: See also board (1) <paper> (3.3.5.2.02).

(3.5.9.2.17)

bond strength

measure of adhesion determined by specified conditions of test

Note 1 to entry: Bond strength is normally expressed in terms of the unit load required to break apart two adhered materials.

(3.12.2.10)

book (1)

< intellectual work> intellectual work (3.1.1.45)published (3.1.8.27) either in handwritten (3.1.6.07), printed (1) <technical process> (3.3.5.1.01) or electronic form, usually paginated (3.5.9.1.07) and forming a physical unit

Note 1 to entry: See also book (2) <stack of leaves> (3.3.5.2.37).

(3.4.1.27.05)

book block

leaves (3.5.9.1.01) of a volume (3.3.5.2.37) which have been securely attached together preparatory to binding (2) <activity> (3.5.9.2.01)

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO 16763:2016, definition 3.4.1

(3.5.9.2.03)

book drop

box (3.12.6.38) or chute that allows information users (3.11.2.05) to return loans (3.11.4.03) without the assistance of staff and which may be accessible (3.11.1.01) when the library (3.2.3.02) is closed

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO/TR 11219:2012, definition 2.10.

(3.11.3.24)

book louse

psocid which feeds on microscopic fungi (3.12.5.02) on materials of plant origin

(3.12.5.04)

book science

study of the nature, production, history, dissemination (3.2.1.34) and use of books (1) <intellectual work> (3.4.1.27.04) of all kinds and of related graphic objects (3.1.1.01)

(3.2.2.14)

book shop

book store

individual retail point for the sale of books (1) <intellectual work> (3.4.1.27.04), sometimes combined with the sale of other publications (3.1.8.27), as well as of related material like stationery and gift items (1) <exemplar> (3.2.1.10)

Note 1 to entry: Book shops are sometimes divided into scientific book shops and general book shops. Book shops also fulfill partial functions of an information and documentation organization (3.2.3.37).

(3.2.3.04)

book transport system

conveyor transporting media (3.1.1.38 Note 4) from closed stacks (3.11.3.09) to the check-out or user service area (3.11.3.15) and back again after check-in

[SOURCE: ISO/TR 11219:2012, definition 2.11, modified]

(3.11.3.29)

bookplate

label (2) <exterior visual identifier> (3.5.9.1.12) indicating ownership when fixed onto a document (3.1.1.38)

(3.5.8.38)

books (2), periodicals issues, posters, sound recordings, films, DVDs, MP3 files, an original oil painting, etc.

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO/TR 21000-1:2004, definition 2.6.

(3.2.1.10)

bookworm

larva of any of a number of species of beetles known to attack documents (3.1.1.38)

(3.12.6 Conservation measures)

(3.12.6.01)

Boolean search

search formulation using the logical operators AND, OR, AND NOT

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO 8777:1993, definition 3.10.1.

(3.10.2.26)

bootleg

bootleg record

audio or visual recording (3.3.3.19) made available while infringing on the right of disclosure (3.13.3.2.04) and the right of reproduction (3.13.3.3.03)

(3.4.3 Documents by acquisition status)

(3.4.3.01)

born digital

document (3.1.1.38) that from the outset has been created in digital form

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO 18461:2016, definition 2.5.7.

(3.3.3.06)

borrowed term

term (3.1.5.25) taken from another language (3.1.5.01) or from another subject field (3.1.2.07)

(3.8.3.13)

botanic garden

establishment where plants are grown for scientific study and display to the public

[SOURCE: ISO 18461:2016, definition 2.2.5]

Note 1 to entry: Botanic gardens also fulfill partial functions of an information and documentation organization (3.2.3.37).

(3.2.3.32)

box

storage (1) <placement> (3.9.1.01) container intended to protect documents (3.1.1.38) and facilitate their shelving (3.9.2.06) and handling (3.11.2.02)

[SOURCE: ISO 16245:2009, definition 3.1.1]

(3.13 Legal aspects of information and documentation)

Braille script; microform (3.4.5.1.03).

Note 1 to entry: See also “document type” (3.4.1.01).

(3.7.2.04)

branch library

part of a larger administrative unit providing, in separate local quarters, a service (3.1.1.59) for a particular user group (3.11.2.11) (e.g. children, faculties) or for a locally defined clientele

[SOURCE: ISO 2789:2013, definition 2.1.3]

Note 1 to entry: See also main library (3.6.4.1.13).

(3.6.4.1.15)

Bridge:1) structure carrying traffic over a gap; 2) part of a string instrument; 3) dental plate.

(3.1.7.04)

brief

summary (3.5.4.06), abstract (3.5.4.01) or abridgement (3.4.2.01) of the contents of a document (3.1.1.38)

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO 10209:2012, definition 11.18.

(3.5.4.03)

brittleness

liability of a rigid (3.12.2.19) material to sudden failure (3.12.1.14) when subject to mechanical forces

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO 18913:2012, definition 3.22.

(3.12.2.21)

broadcast

virtual document (3.3.3.12) that exists in the moment of its emission (3.1.8.32) and the reception parallel to it and which can be turned into recorded information (3.1.8.26) when applying adequate techniques at the right moment

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO/IEC 21000-19:2010, definition 3.1.9; ISO 13183:2012, definition 4.1; ISO/IEC 2382:2015, definition 2124422.

(3.3.3.15)

broadcast archives

archives (1) <organization> (3.2.3.01) for TV programmes (3.3.3.16) or radio programmes (3.3.3.15)

Note 1 to entry: A broadcast archive is usually a public achive(s) (1) <organization> (3.2.3.01); but some radio stations (3.2.3.20) or TV stations (3.2.3.21) also have broadcast archives of their own.

(3.6.4.2.11)

broadcast station

institution that emits (3.1.8.32)broadcasts (3.3.3.14) over radio frequency waves for distributed reception with a radio or TV set or over the internet (3.1.9.01)

(3.2.3.20)

broader term

BT

preferred term (3.8.3.05) representing a concept (3.1.1.02) that is broader than the one in question

[SOURCE: ISO 25964-1:2011, definition 2.3]

(3.8.3.03)

brochure

pamphlet (3.4.1.27.06) of an ephemeral nature

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO 16763:2016, definition 3.3.5.

(3.4.1.27.08)

broke

paper (1) <material> (3.3.5.2.01) which is discarded at any stage during paper (1) <material> manufacture

(3.3.5.2.04)

browsing (1)

<non-targeted navigation> looking through a collection of documents (3.1.1.38) or data (3.1.1.15) from some starting point and with no fixed desired end result in mind, the further sequence of navigation depending on spontaneous, unforeseeable decisions based on the inspirational quality (3.1.3.01) of the results obtained hitherto

Note 1 to entry: See also browsing (2) <search method> (3.10.2.15); serendipity find (3.10.2.22).

(3.10.2.15)

browsing (2)

<search method> search method allowing the user to view query (3.10.3.01) results, such as by looking through a collection (2) <gathering> (3.6.1.05) of documents (3.1.1.38) or through records (1) <document(s)> (3.1.13.16)

Note 1 to entry: See also browsing (1) <non-targeted navigation> (3.10.2.14); surfing (3.10.2.16).

(3.10.2.16)

buckling

loss of original shape by distortion in one or more planes

(3.12.4.08)

buffer

substance used to establish an alkali reserve (3.12.2.08)

(3.3.5.2.27)

bursting strength

maximum uniformly distributed pressure, applied at right angles to its surface, that a test piece will stand before it breaks under conditions specified in the standard test methods

[SOURCE: ISO 11800:1998, definition 3.7]

(3.12.2.11)

business archives

company archives archives (1) <organization> (3.2.3.01) of or relating to a commercial enterprise

(3.6.4.2.03)

business document

document (3.1.1.38) created by any functional role within a commercial enterprise

(3.4.6.11)

business system

organized collection (2) <gathering> (3.6.1.05) of hardware (3.1.12.15), software (3.1.12.14), supplies, policies, procedures and people, which stores (3.9.1.01), processes and provides access (3.11.1.01) to an organization’s (3.1.1.55) business information (3.1.1.16)

[SOURCE: ISO 23081-2:2009, definition 3.3]

Note 1 to entry: See also “management information system” (3.1.8.36).

(3.1.13.37)

byline

line of text (3.2.1.05) in a journal (2) <specialized journal> (3.4.1.28.03) or newspaper (3.4.1.28.04)article (3.5.8.06) giving the name (3.1.5.28) and position/affiliation of the author (3.7.1.01) as well as often a date and a very short indication related to the contents of the article

(3.5.8.57)

calendar (1)

<archival list> archival (1) <organization> (3.2.3.01)list (3.4.7.25), usually in chronological order (3.1.1.64), of single documents (3.1.1.38) in the same records series (3.6.3.30) or class or of a specified kind from a variety of sources, with a summary (3.5.4.06) of each document

Note 1 to entry: See also calendar (2) <time-indicating document> (3.5.5.14).

(3.5.1.08)

calendar (2)

<time-indicating document> document (3.1.1.38) displaying segments of time, often accompanied by additional information (3.1.1.16)

EXAMPLE:

calendered paper

paper (1) <material> (3.3.5.2.01) which has been given a smooth surface by passing it through rollers one or more times

(3.3.5.2.20)

call number

reference provided to enable the custodian to locate a resource within a repository (3.2.3.10)

[SOURCE: ISO 690:2010, definition 2.1]

(3.2.5.23)

camouflage document

clandestine document

document (3.1.1.38) containing under a camouflage title (3.7.4.01) a contents that is not openly disclosed (3.13.5.03) by its originator because it is prohibited or may entail serious consequences like persecution

(3.4.1.24)

candidate term

provisional term

term (3.1.5.25) under consideration for admission into a controlled vocabulary (3.8.1.05) because of its potential usefulness

[SOURCE: ANSI/NISOZ39.19-2015 (R2010), definition 4.1]

(3.8.3.16)

canonical order

order (3.1.1.14) expressing a historically emerged convention originating from the material and its history and not following any (other) stated formal criterion

Note 1 to entry: ‘Stated formal criterion’ may mean formal order, classified order, hierarchical order etc.

[SOURCE: ISO 7154:1983, definition 3.4, modified]

(3.1.1.64)

caption

short text (3.2.1.05) accompanying an illustration (3.5.9.1.14) or table (3.4.7.26), explaining it, and giving any legally required credits

(3.5.8.30)

carbon print

photographic (3.4.5.1.01)print (3.4.7.68) transferred during development onto paper (3.3.2.06) or any other film support from a carbon tissue (3.3.5.2.33) initially exposed to light through a photographic negative

(3.4.5.2.03)

card catalogue

analogue catalogue made up of index cards (3.3.2.03) carrying information (3.1.1.21)

Note 1 to entry: Often a catalogue (2) <holdings-related list> (3.5.1.01).

(3.5.2.02)

carrier

mechanism by which information (3.1.1.16) is transported over distance or time

Note 1 to entry: For manuscripts or printed documents, the carrier consists of a base and the medium, typically paper and ink. For photographs, the carrier includes the base, commonly paper, film, glass, or metal; the substance that forms the image, such as silver or dye; and any binder, such as gelatine or albumen. For digital information the carrier may be physical, such as a disk or a tape with a magnetic or optical layer, or a signal convened by radio frequency or electrical current.

[SOURCE: http://www2.archivists.org/glossary/terms/c/carrier]

Note 2 to entry: See also ISO 18913:2012, definition 3.25.

(3.1.1.41)

cartographic document

document (3.1.1.38) showing a conventional representation, on a reduced scale, of concrete or abstract phenomena which can be localized in space and time

Note 1 to entry: This includes documents such as two- and three-dimensional maps, globes, plans, topographic models (2), tactile maps and aerial representations, but for library (3.2.3.02) statistics purposes, excludes atlases and any other cartographic documents in codex, micro, audiovisual and electronic form.

[SOURCE: ISO 2789:2013, definition 2.3.6, modified]

(3.4.7.59)

cartoon (2)

<preparatory drawing> preparatory drawing (3.4.7.53) for a painting (3.4.7.52), mosaic or decoration which is usually of the same size as the finished work (3.2.1.07)

Note 1 to entry: See also cartoon (1) <pictures> (3.4.7.57).

(3.4.5.4.07)

case

cover (2) <covering material> (3.5.9.2.13) that is made complete before being affixed to the book block (3.5.9.2.02)

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO 16763:2016, definition 3.4.3.

(3.5.9.2.16)

casing-in

applying adhesive (3.3.5.2.35) to the outermost endpapers (3.5.9.2.10) of a book block (3.5.9.2.02) and fitting the book block into its case (3.5.9.2.15)

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO 16637:2016, definition 3.1.3.

(3.5.9.4.10)

catalogue (2)

catalog, US

<holdings-related list> list (3.4.7.25) or bibliographic retrieval system (3.10.1.07) allowing access (3.11.1.01) to data (3.1.1.15) and addresses of documents (3.1.1.43) in one or several collections (2) <gathering> (3.6.1.05)

Note 1 to entry: See also finding aid (3.10.1.06); catalogue (1) <sales catalogue> (3.4.7.44); catalogue (3) <exhibition catalogue> (3.4.7.76); bibliography (2) <universal document list> (3.5.1.02); directory (3.5.5.12).

(3.5.1.02)

catalogue discontinuation

officially ceasing the proper and regular maintenance of a catalogue (2) (3.5.1.01)

Note 1 to entry: This can be caused by a change of cataloguing (3.2.1.29) rules which requires a new order (3.1.1.15) and arrangement of the catalogue; by discontinuation of the acquisition (3.6.2.2.01) of the types of documents (3.1.1.38)listed (3.4.7.25); by the termination of existence of the organization (3.1.1.55) maintaining the catalogue, etc.

(3.5.2.13)

catalogue enrichment

provision of further description (1) <activity> (3.2.1.28)data (3.1.1.15) by the cataloguing (3.2.1.29) agency in the catalogue (3.5.1.01)entries (3.2.1.32) other than the formal cataloguing (3.2.1.29) data of a document (3.1.1.38)

EXAMPLE:

Showing the cover image of the document, giving access to tables of contents, to reviews, indicating related documents, etc.

(3.7.2.28)

catalogue entry

entry (3.2.1.32) in a catalogue (2) (3.5.1.01)

Note 1 to entry: Catalogue entries normally contain data (3.1.1.15), bibliographic or not, relating a document (3.1.1.38) to a specific collection (2) <gathering>.

(3.7.2.17)

catalogue record

bibliographic record established for a bibliographic item (3.7.2.11)

Note 1 to entry: Catalogue records are sometimes prepared centrally by an agency with a view to being re-used in many other institutions within a programme of centralized cataloguing.

(3.1.13.18)

cataloguing

cataloging, US

preparation and maintenance of catalogues (2) <holdings-related list> (3.5.1.01)

Note 1 to entry: See also document description (3.2.1.28).

(3.2.1.30)

cataloguing in publication

CIP

bibliographic description (3.7.2.06) prepared by the publisher (3.2.3.15) or a bibliographic agency when, or sometimes before, issuing the document (3.1.1.38)

Note 1 to entry: CIP may include subject headings, index terms, class numbers.

(3.7.2.25)

CATALOGUING, LIBRARIES

[285]The ALA Glossary of Library and Information Science / Heartsill Young (ed.). - Chicago : ALA, 1983. - 245 p. // Glosario ALA de bibliotecologia y ciencias de la informacíon / Heartsill Young (ed.). - Madrid : Ediciones Diaz de Santos, 1988

[286]Anglo-American Cataloging Rules [AACR] / American Library Association [ALA], … Library Association, .. - 2nded, 2002 revision. - Ottawa : Canadian Library Assoc. ; … Chicago : ALA. - 676 p. - Glossary. - www.aacr2.org. - [Translations exist in 26 languages]

[287]Diccionario técnico de biblioteconomia : Espanol - Ingles, English - Spanish / Massa de Gil, Beatrice ; Trautmann, Ray … . - Mexico : Ed. Trillas, 1973. - 387 p.

[288]Elsevier's dictionary of library science, information and documentation ; in 6 languages: en, fr, es, it, nl, de / Comp. … by Willem Elbertus Clason. With an Arabic suppl. by Shawky Salem (Sauq I Salim). - 2nd pr. - Amsterdam [etc.] : Elsevier Sc. Publ., 1976. - 708 p.

[289]FRANAR Functional Requirements for Authority Data : a conceptual model : final report / Glenn Patton ; IFLA Working Group on Functional Requirements and Numbering of Authority Records. - München : Saur, 2009. - 101 p.

[290]FRBR Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records / IFLA Study Group on the Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records. - [Berlin] : de Gruyter, 2013. - 136 p.

[291]FRSAD Functional Requirements for Subject Authority Data / Maja Zumer et al ; IFLA Working Group on Functional Requirements for Subject Authority Records. - Berlin : de Gruyter Saur, 2011. - 74 p.

[292]Institut international de bibliographie (IIB), Draft for an international cataloguing code (English / French). Annex: Glossary. - Bruxelles : IIB, 1905

[293]ISBDs http://www.ifla.org/en/publications/international-standard-bibliographic-description

[294]ISSN Manual: http://www.issn.org/understanding-the-issn/assignment-rules/issn-manual/

[295]MARC formats and fields lists: http://www.loc.gov/marc/marcdocz.html

[296]Library of Congress Genre/Form Terms for Library and Archival Material [LCGFT]. 2015-12-03. - https://www.loc.gov/aba/publications/FreeLCGFT/freelcgft.html;https://www.loc.gov/catdir/cpso/genre_form_general_terms_hierarchies.pdf

[297]Multilingual dictionary of cataloguing terms and concepts (MuldiCat) / edited by Barbara Tillet [IFLA, founded by Monika Münnich]. - http://www.ifla.org/publication/multilingual-dictionaryof-cataloguing-terms-and-concepts-Muldicat; http://iflastandards/ns/muldicat. Also via http://metaregistry.org/conceptpro/show/ID/11909.html

[298]RDA Resource Description & Access / developed in a collaborative process led by the Joint Steering Committee for Development of RDA (JSC).-Chicago, Ill. : American Library Assoc. [et al.], 2011. - Loose-leaf edition. - ISBN0-8389-1093-9 ; 978-0-8389-1093-1 ; 978-0-88802-335-3 ; 978-1-85604-794-4. - Online version as a paying subscription.

[299]Salinié, Frances; Hubert, Souad: Bilingual glossary of terms in librarianship and information science : Anglais / Francais / Anglais = Glossaire bilingue …. - London : Library Services, 1990. - 372 p.

[300]UNIMARC Manual : Bibliographic format. - 2nd ed. - München [et al.] : Saur, 2005. - 248 p.

[301]Manuel UNIMARC : format bibliographique : Version française. - 4ème édition. - Traduit par Marc Chauveinc. - München : K.G. Saur 2002. - 546 p. - [There are also versions in Italian, Slovene, Spanish ...]

[302]Vocabulaire technique de la bibliothéconomie et de la bibliographie / Coulombe, V. ; Rolland-Thomas, P. - Montreal : Association canadienne des bibliothécaires de langue francaise, 1969. - 187 p.

PUBLISHING, BOOKTRADE

[303]Elizarenkova, Tatjana Petrovna: English - Russian bookman’s glossary = Anglo-russkij slovar’ knigovedeskich terminov. - Moskva : Sovetskaja rossija, 1962. - 520 p.

[304]Haag, Elke: Fachwörterbuch Buchhandel, Druck und Verlag : Französisch - Deutsch [Français - Allemand]. - Hamburg : Buske, 2010. - 223 p.

[305]Multilingual dictionary of publishing, printing and bookselling : [7 languages : en, fr, de, it, pt, es, sv] / [Contributors: Hans Smith, …]. - London : Cassel, 1992. - 439 p.

[306]Orne, Jerrold: the language of the foreign book trade : Abbreviations, terms, phrases. - 3rd ed. - Chicago : American Library Association, 1976. - 333 p.

[307]Pipics, Zoltán: Dictionarium bibliothecarii practicum : Ad usum internationalem in XXII linguis = Librarian’s practical dictionary. - 7th ed. - München : Verlag Dokumentation, 1977. - 385 p.

[308]PONS-Fachwörterbuch Druck- und Verlagswesen : [English-German], Deutsch-Englisch / P[eter] H. Collin ; Eva Sawers ; Rupert Livesey. - Stuttgart [u.a.] : Klett, 1993. - 296, 68 p.

[309]Schuwer, Philippe: Bilingual dictionary of book publishing. - Paris : Cercle de la librairie, 1993. - ISBN 2-7654-0500-X. - 447 p.

[310]Stiehl, Ulrich: Satzwörterbuch des Buch- und Verlagswesens Deutsch - Englisch = Dictionary of book publishing German - English : With 1.200 sample sentences and phrases. - München : Verlag Dokumentation, 1977

[311]Vocabulaire technique de l'éditeur en sept langues. - 2e édition. - Berne : Congrès International des éditeurs, 1913. - 364 p. - [de, en, es, fr, hu, it, nl. 3.529 entries, with definitions in fr]

[312]Wörterbuch des Verlagswesens in 20 Sprachen = The publisher's practical dictionary / ed. Imre Mora. - München : Verlag Dokumentation 1984. - 416 p.

[313]Wörterbuch Druckindustrie und Verlagswesen = Diccionario … = Dizionario … = Dictionnaire … : zweisprachige Fachwörterbücher [de - …].- 3 vol. - [Hans] Schnellmann, Widnau [CH] : 2002. - 480, 480, 478 p.

LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE (LIS), DOCUMENTATION, CLASSIFICATION

[314]ASIS&T : Thesaurus of information science, technology, and librarianship / Redmond-Neal, Alice (ed.). - 3rd ed. - Nedford, NJ : Information Today, c2005. - 255 p.

[315]BS DD (British Standard Draft for Development) 247:1998 Documentation - Vocabulary. - London : BSI [British Standards Institution], 1999. - 114 p.

[316]Concise dictionary of library and information science / Stella Keenan. - London : Bowker-Saur, 1994. - 214 p.

[317]Diccionario de bibliologia y ciencas afines : Terminologia relativa a la archivistica, bibliofilia, bibliografia, bibliologia, bibibliotecologia, biblioteconomia, codicologia, documentologia, ecdótica, epigrafia, hermeneutica, incunabulogia, informatica, lexicografia, paleografia, papirologia, tipografía, etc. / José Martinez de Sousa. - 2 ed. aum. y act. - Madrid [etc.] : Fundacion Germán Sánchez Ruipérez ; Madrid : piramide, 1993. - 992 [i.e. 962] p. - (Biblioteca del libro ; S). - [All entries defined in Spanish; terms in es, en, fr]

[318]Gilreath, Charles T.: Terms, symbols and ordinals: A taxonomy of designators. - In: Knowledge Organisation 20(1993)2, p. 80-86

[319]Glossary of library and information science : English - Chinese / Chinese - English / Su Chen ; Shi Deng. - München : Saur, 2006. - XXI, 343 p.

[320]GOST 7.0-1999+, 7.0.3-2006, 7.48-2002, 7.60-2003+, 7.69-1995, 7.73-1996+, 7.74-1996, 7.76-1996, 7.83-2001, 13.0.001/002+, 13699-1991 [Terms and definitions in the unified bibliographical system], - et al. - Moscow : All Union Institute for Standardisation, GOST R. - www.gost.ru. +: Also in English.

[321]Harrod's librarians' glossary and reference book : a directory of over 12.200 terms, .. projects, … library science, publishing, archive management / comp. by Ray Prytherch. - 10th ed. - Aldershot : Ashgate, 2005. - 753 p.

[322]Indian Standard IS 796: Glossary of cataloguing terms. - New Delhi : Indian Standards Institute, 1966. - 86 p. - [With the cooperation of S. R. Ranganathan]

[323]Indian standard IS 2550: Glossary of classification terms. - New Delhi : Indian Standards Institute, 1964. - 110 p. - [With the cooperation of S. R. Ranganathan]

[324]Informationsordbogen : Ordbog for informationshandtering, bog og bibliotek / utarb. af [Jens-B. Friis-Hansen - 2nd ed.], Poul Steen Larsen…[et al.]. - Charlottenlund : Dansk Standard, 2001 [ie. 2002]. - 220 p. - (DS-Handbog ; 109). - [The first edition, "DS Inf.27-1983" had the definitions in English, British Standard BS 5408; and terms in English and Danish; "DS Inf 27 2.utg.1991" terms and def. in Danish, terms in Engl.; 3rd ed. 1996]. - Current edition at: www.informationsordbogen.dk

[325]Library data collection handbook / Helen Eckard ; Mary Jo Lynch. - Chicago : ALA [American Library Association], 1981. - 288 p.

[326]MARC Relator Code List / Library of Congress, Network Development and MARC Standards Office. http://www.loc.gov/marc/relators/relaterm.html. - [21 October 2014]

[327]ODLIS online library dictionary / Joan M. Reitz. - http://www.abc-clio.com/ODLIS/odlis_A.aspx. - 2002-2014. - Print edition: Dictionary for Library and Information Science / Joan M. Reitz. - Westport, Conn. [et al.] : Libraries Unlimited, 2004. - 788 p.

[328]ONIX-RDA Categorization framework for documents. - http://www.rda-jsc.org/rdaonixann.html;http://www.rda-jsc.org/docs/5rda-parta-categorization.pdf

[329]Terminologie der Information und Dokumentation [TID] / Komitee Terminologie und Sprachfragen (KTS) der Dt. Ges. für Informationswissenschaft … (DGI). - München : Saur, 1975. - (Second edition: 2006, Frankfurt/Main.). - www.surendorfteam.de

[330]Terminology of documentation = Terminologie … = Terminologie …. = Terminologia … : A selection of 1.200 basic terms … / comp. by Gernot Wersig ; Ulrich Neveling. - Paris : UNESCO Press ; München : Verlag Dokumentation, 1976. - 274 p.

[331]Terminologiceskij slovar po informatike = Dictionnaire des sciences de l’information = Dictionary … / S. T. Arsenov. - Moskva : MCNTI, 1975. - 752 p. - In 14 languages: ru (definitions), cs, de, en, es, fr, bg, hu, mk, sr/hr, ro, sk, sl, uk. - COMECON Council for Mutual Economic Assistance

[332]Vocabulaire de la documentation / INTD-ER [Institut national des techniques de la documentation - Cercle Etudes et Recherche], coord. par Arlette Boulogne. - Paris : ADBS [Association des Documentaires et Bibliothèques spécialisées - Now: Association des professionnels de l'information et de la documentation], 2004. - 334 p., 685 entries.

(A revised successor to the following publications:)

[333]Vocabulaire de la documentation = Glossary of documentation terms / Association francaise de normalisation [AFNOR]. - Paris : AFNOR, 1987. - 159 p. // First edition : Vocabulaire de la documentation: … notions fondamentales, documents traditionnels .. et audiovisuels, traitement des documents, langages documentaires. - Paris : AFNOR, 1985. - (Les dossiers de la normalisation). - [French edition of the respective parts of ISO 5127]

[334]Vocabularium bibliothecarii : English, French, Spanish, German, Russian, Slovak / comp. Anthony Thompson .. - 2nd ed. - Martin : Vyd Slovendka, 1970. - 686 p. - Further editions containing Dutch ("Biblioteekterminologie" 1967), Hungarian (1972), Nordic languages (1968). - 1st ed. UNESCO 1953; 2nd ed. UNESCO 1962

[335]Vocabulary of terms on UDC theory and practice = Terminologiceskoe posobie po teorii i metodike primenenija UDK : slovar' germinov s opredelenijami = Fachwörterbuch … = Vocabulaire = …Diccionario … = Terminologiceskoje … [Comp. by I. E. Gendlina ; G. I. Kalinina ; A. I. Smirnova. A. I. Mikhailov] Moscow : VINITI, 1986. - 511 p. - (FID 650). - ISBN oo

[336]Vocabulary of terms on UDC theory and practice = Terminologiceskoe posobie po teorii i metodike primenenija UDK : slovar' germinov s opredelenijami = Fachwörterbuch … = Vocabulaire = …Diccionario … = Terminologiceskoje … [Comp. by I. E. Gendlina ; G. I. Kalinina ; A. I. Smirnova. A. I. Mikhailov] Moscow : VINITI, 1986. - 511 p. - (FID 650). - ISBN oo

[337]Keitz, Saideh von; Keitz, Wolfgang von: Dictionnaire des sciences de l’ìnformation, de la bibliothèque et de la documentation. - Weinheim [DE] : Wiley-VCH, 1994. - 323 p.

[338]Sauppe, Eberhardt : Dictionary of librarianship : Wörterbuch des Bibliothekswesen. - München: Saur, 1988 / 2003. - 428 p. - http://www.bibliotheks-glossar.de/. - Diccionario de biblioteconomia. 1997. - Dizionario de biblioteconomia. 2001.

ISO 5127:2001 NATIONAL EDITIONS

[339]SSH ISO 5127:2008 Information and documentation : Vocabulary. - Tirane-Shqiperi : Dreeitoria e Pergiithshme e Standardizimit (DPS). - Albanian Standard, in English language

[340]AS/NZS ISO 5127:2004 Information and documentation : Vocabulary. - Sydney : Standards Australia (SA) ; Wellington : New Zealand Standards Organization (NZSO). - Standard in English

[341]ÖNORM [Austrian Standard] ISO 5127-2(1990), -5(1993), -6 (1996). - Wien : Österr. Normungsinstitut. - [Transl. of part 2 and 3a=5 of the first ed. ISO 5127 from 1981, 1983]

[342]BDS ISO 5127:2009 Information and documentation : Vocabulary. - Sofia : Bulgarian Institute for Standardization (BDS). - Standard in Bulgarian language

[343]BAS ISO 5127:2009 Information and documentation : Vocabulary. - Istocno Sarajevo : Institute for Standardization of Bosnia-Hercegovina (BAS). - Standard in English language.

[344]GB/T 4894-2009 信息与文献术语 [A Chinese National Standard modified ISO 5127:2001, in Chinese with English terms]

[345]HRN/ISO 5127:2008 Informacije i dokumentacija - Terminološki rječnik (Vocabulary of information and documentation). - Zagreb : HZN (Hrvatski zavod za norme), 2008. - 354 p. - [Croatian Standard, gives ISO 5127:2001 in English and in Croat]

[346]CZ ISO 5127 Ceska technicka norma: Informace a dokumentace - Slovnik = ISO 5127:2001 Vocabulary of information and documentation. Praha:CSN, 2003

[347]DS/ISO 5127:2001 Information and documentation : Vocabulary. - Nordhavn : Danish Standards (DS). - Standard in English language.

[348]EVS-ISO 5127:2004 Eesti Standard - Informatsioon ja dokumentatsioon : Sonastik = Information and documentation : Vocabulary. - [Standard in Estonian, with terms in English, Finnish, French]

[349]SFS-ISO 5127:2004 Tieto- ja dokumentointisanasto = Information and documentation : Vocabulary. - [Standard in Finnish, with English terms]

[350]AFNOR … Vocabulaire … 1987 see above under "Library and information science …". Gives the French status of the ISO 5127 parts as of early 1987.

[351]UNI ISO 5127-2, -3a, -6, -11. - Milano : Ente Nazionale Italiano di Unificazione [UNI]. [Transl. of part 2 and 3a=5 of the first ed. ISO 5127 from 1981, 1983]

[352]Indian National Standard IS 13550:2003 Information and documentation - Vocabulary = ISO 5127:2001 Vocabulary of information and documentation. New Delhi : Bureau of Indian Standards, 2003

[353]JIS X 0701:2005 Information and documentation : Vocabulary. - Tokyo : Japanese Industrial Stamdards Committee. - Standard in Japanese, a modified ISO 5127.

[354]LST ISO 5127:2008 Informacija ir dokumentavimas: Aiskinamasis zodynas (tapatus ISO 5127:2001) = Lthuanian Standard ISO 5127 Vocabulary of information and documentation. Vilnius, 2008. 168 p.

[355]NS-ISO 5127:2009 Norsk Standard: Informasjon og dokumentasjon : Terminologi. - [Standard in Norwegian, with English and French terms]

[356]PN-ISO 5127:2005 Informacja i dokumentacja : Terminologia. - [Polish Standard, gives ISO 5127 in English and in Polish]

[357]Medunarodni standard ISO 5127 Informacije i dokumentacija - Terminologija prevod na srpski jezik / deo Snezana Ljubanic .. ; redakcija prevoda: Milena Matic .. [Serbian standard ISO 5127 Vocabulary of information and documentation - Draft as of 2008]. - Draft, terms and definitions in Serbian, with ISO reference number

[358]SANS 15127:2005, Ed. 1 South African National Standard - Information and documentation : Vocabulary. - ISBN 978-0-626-25340-0. - [Standard in English, with French terms]

[359]UNE-ISO 5127:2010-02. - Documentación e información - Vocabolario. - Madrid : AENOR. - [Spanish Standard, gives ISO 5127:2001 in Spanish]

[360]SS [Svensk Standard] ISO 5127: Dokumentation - Terminologi. - Stockholm : SIS, 2002-01. - 163 p. - [A Swedish edition of ISO 5127, reproducing the original English text and adding the Swedish term to each entry.]

[361]Ukrainian National Standard DStU 931/5127 Informacija i dokumentacija slovnik = ISO 5127:2001. Kiew : DStU [Standards Ukraine]. http://document.ua/informacija-i-dokumentacija.-slovnik-terminiv-iso-5127-2001--std9765.html. Terms and definitions in Ukrainian, with ISO reference number

[362]TCVN:5453-2009 (ISO 5127:2001). - Vietnamese Standard, giving ISO 5127:2001 terms and definitions in original structure in Vietnamese. - http://hethongphapluatvietnam.com/tieu-chuan-quoc-gia-tcvn-5453-2009-iso-5127-2001-ve-thong-tin-va-tu-lieu-tu-vung.html

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categorization

assignment of symbols (3.1.4.17) of categories (3.8.5.08) to documents (3.1.1.38) to allow their arrangement (1) <archival operation> (3.2.1.30) in a way that reflects the presumed interests of the information user (3.11.2.05)

(3.2.1.32)

category

broad facet

primary division of a classification system (3.8.5.02) or of a main class (3.8.5.06) of a general classification system

(3.8.5.14)

CD-ROM

Compact Disc Read-Only Memory

computer-based information (3.1.1.16)storage (1) <placement> (3.9.1.01) and retrieval (3.10.1.01)medium (3.2.1.25) based on laser technology that contains data (3.1.1.15) in text (3.2.1.05) and/or multimedia formats (3.1.13.12)

[SOURCE: ISO 2789:2013, definition 2.3.8]

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO/TR 12037:1998, definition 3.4; ISO 18913:2012, definition 3.29; ISO 18913:2012 also shows “compact disc” / CD (3.36) and “read only medium” (3.157).

(3.4.5.5.16)

cellulose acetate

cellulose ester

synthetic material composed of the carbohydrate salt of acetic acid

Note 1 to entry: Cellulose acetate is used as a data medium for photographic documents.

(3.3.5.2.29)

central library (1)

<library services> library (3.2.3.02) providing specified services (3.1.1.59) to other libraries within a region or organization (3.1.1.55)

Note 1 to entry: See also central library (2) <main library> (3.6.4.1.13).

(3.6.4.1.13)

centralized cataloguing

cataloguing (3.2.1.29) done by one designated bibliographic agency or library (3.2.3.02) in place of two or more information and documentation organizations (3.2.3.37) for a defined quantity of bibliographic units (3.7.2.11) to avoid duplication of efforts

Note 1 to entry: The “defined quantity” may be a given amount of documents (3.1.1.38) accumulated, the totality of documents expected in a certain period in the future, etc.

(3.7.2.22)

centroid

virtual document (3.3.3.12) representing a class (3.8.5.03) of documents (3.1.1.38) in a cluster

(3.8.2.17)

ceramic

small material object (3.1.1.60) made of clay and fired in a kiln

(3.3.2.41)

certification (1)

<activity> act of attesting the official character of an original document (3.4.7.11) or of a copy (1) <copy original> (3.4.7.12) or copy (2) <reproduction> (3.4.7.14) thereof

Note 1 to entry: See also certification (2) (3.1.1.53).

(3.1.1.53)

certification (2)

<statement> statement within a control process establishing the extent to which products and services (3.1.1.59) meet prescribed requirements

Note 1 to entry: See also certification (1) (3.1.1.52).

(3.1.1.54)

certified copy

copy (2) <reproduction> (3.4.7.14) that has undergone certification (1) <activity> (3.1.1.52)

(3.4.7.17)

chain

series of classes (3.8.5.03) in which each is subordinate (3.1.2.19) to the preceding one, except the first class in the hierarchy

(3.8.5.13)

chain index (1)

<subject index> subject index (3.5.1.09) established through chain (3.8.5.12) analysis of the class (3.8.5.03)symbols (3.1.4.17)

Note 1 to entry: See also chain index (2) <browsing> (3.5.1.11).

(3.5.1.11)

chain index (2)

<browsing> repeated browsing (2) <search method> (3.10.2.15) from one website (3.3.3.24) to another using hyperlinks (3.1.12.31)

Note 1 to entry: See also chain index (1) <subject index> (3.5.1.10).

(3.5.1.12)

chapter

numbered or titled (3.7.4.01) division of a document (3.1.1.38) which is in general self-sufficient but is related to the divisions that precede or follow it, and stands directly above or below any sections (1) <text subdivision> (3.5.8.11)

(3.5.8.06)

character

member of a set (3.1.1.09) of elements (3.1.1.10) that is used for the representation, organization, or control of data (3.1.1.15)

[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 2382:2015(en), 2121335]

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO 7098:2015, definition 2.1.

(3.1.4.03)

character string

string (3.1.1.11) of letters (1) <character)> (3.1.4.07), digits (3.1.4.06), punctuation marks or other symbols (3.1.4.17)

[SOURCE: ISO 8459:2009, definition 2.13]

(3.1.12.19)

characteristic

abstraction of a property (3.1.1.03) of an object (3.1.1.01) or of a set (3.1.1.09) of objects

Note 1 to entry: Characteristics are used for describing concepts (3.1.1.02).

[SOURCE: ISO 1087-1:2000, definition 3.2.4]

(3.1.1.05)

characteristic of division

attribute by which a concept (3.1.1.02) can be subdivided into an array (3.8.5.05) of narrower concepts (3.1.2.19) each having a distinct value of that attribute

EXAMPLE:

In the following, “age group” is the characteristic of division applied to the concept of people: “people (people by age group); children, youths; adults”.

[SOURCE: ISO 25964-1:2011, definition 2.4]

Note 1 to entry: See also facet analysis (3.8.3.26); node label (3.8.3.23).

(3.8.3.26)

characterizing portion

second part of a claim (3.4.5.8.01) stating the scope of protection (3.13.2.02) demanded or obtained and specifically describing (3.2.1.26) the parts of the invention (3.1.1.46) which possess the necessary novelty (3.13.2.06) or originality (3.13.2.05)

(3.4.5.8.07)

charge out

act of recording the removal of documents (3.1.1.38) from their places of storage (1) <placement> (3.9.1.01), for loan (3.11.4.03), inspection, display, moving, or restoration (3.12.1.02)

Note 1 to entry: See also charge out register (3.5.1.34).

(3.11.6.10)

charge out register

register (3.5.1.17) used to record charge out (3.11.6.09)

Note 1 to entry: See also charge out (3.11.6.09).

(3.5.1.35)

chart

document (3.1.1.38) showing tabulated or methodically arranged information (3.1.1.16) in graphic form

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO 10209:2012, definition 11.26.

(3.4.7.51)

check character

character (3.1.4.02) used to verify the accuracy of the string (3.1.1.11) through a mathematical relationship (3.1.1.12) to a string

[SOURCE: ISO 15706-1:2002, definition 3.2, modified]

(3.1.4.16)

chemical cleaning

cleaning (3.12.6.01) by immersion in, or by the surface application of, a chemical substance

(3.12.6.07)

chemical damage

damage (3.12.1.11) resulting from changes in the substances composing a material object (3.1.1.60) brought about by their own instability or by interaction with external influences

(3.12.1.14)

chief registrar

head of the registry (3.2.3.26) of an information and documentation organization (3.2.3.37)

(3.2.4.18)

children's library

library (3.2.3.02) which specialises in providing books (1) <intellectual work> (3.4.1.27.04) usually written (3.1.11.01) especially for children

Note 1 to entry: A children's library can also be a department within a larger institution.

Note 2 to entry: See also ISO/TR 11219:2012, definition 2.15.

(3.6.4.1.28)

choronym

toponym (3.1.5.31) designating a regionally or politically defined spatial area of a country

(3.1.5.33)

chronological file

file (2) <unit of documents> (3.4.4.01) or file (1) <set of records> (3.1.12.02) containing copies (3) <exemplar> (3.3.2.03) of documents (3.1.1.38) arranged in chronological order (3.1.1.64)

Note 1 to entry: Especially of daily copies (2) <reproduction> (3.4.7.14) of letters (2) <document> sent.

(3.6.3.37)

chronological order

order (3.1.1.14) along the sequence of dates in time

(3.1.1.65)

cinematographic film

movie

motion picture (3.4.5.1.08) which enacts a story

(3.4.5.1.10)

circulation

number of documents (3.1.1.38) lent by an information and documentation organization (3.2.3.37) to information users (3.11.2.05) in a specified period of time

(3.11.7.09)

circulation figure

average number of copies (3) <exemplar> (3.3.2.03) of a publication (3.1.8.27) sold and/or otherwise distributed over a specified period

[SOURCE: ISO 9707:2008, definition 2.5]

(3.11.7.16)

citable data

referable data (3.1.10.23) that has undergone registration (3.2.1.27) and quality (3.1.3.01) assessment and can be referred to as citations (3.5.8.16) in publications (3.1.8.27) and as part of research objects (3.1.1.01)

[SOURCE: http://smw-rda.esc.rzg.mpg.de/index.php/Citable_Data]

(3.1.10.25)

citation

reference in one document (3.1.1.38) to another document or to part of it

Note 1 to entry: See also quotation (3.5.8.23) and ISO 24619:2011, definition 3.1.16.

(3.5.8.17)

citation index

index (3.5.1.08) linking documents (3.1.1.43) by means of the citations (3.5.8.16) they contain

Note 1 to entry: See also “impact factor” (3.11.7.14).

(3.5.1.14)

citation metadata

metadata (3.1.10.26.01) that provides an unambiguous identifier (3.1.12.19) to the data (3.1.1.15) cited, its location, and means of access (3.1.1.1.01)

[SOURCE: http://smw-rda.esc.rzg.mpg.de/index.php/Citation_Metadata, modified]

Note 1 to entry: See also data citation (3.1.11.20), citable data (3.1.10.24).

(3.1.10.26.14)

citation order

facet formula

order (3.1.1.14) in which the various facets (3.8.5.04) are presented in a compound subject

(3.8.5.18)

citation system

citation style

system (3.1.1.13) used, or prescribed, for the construction of bibliographic references and their presentation

(3.5.8.42)

city museum

municipal museum

general museum (3.6.4.3.01) serving a local community and responsible for the acquisition (3.6.2.2.01), preservation (3.2.1.39) and conservation (3.12.1.01) of museum objects (3.1.1.01) and artefacts (1) <man-made object> (3.2.1.02) of significance to the community

(3.6.4.3.07)

civil register(s)

vital statistics

register(s) (3.5.1.17) established and kept by a competent authority recording chronologically births, marriages and deaths and possibly related data (3.1.1.15)

(3.5.2.16)

claim

document (3.1.1.38) part giving a statement of the technical characteristics (3.1.1.04) of an invention (3.1.1.46) and defining the extent of protection (3.13.2.02) demanded or obtained

(3.4.5.8.02)

class

set (3.1.1.09) of elements (3.1.1.10) having at least one characteristic (3.1.1.04) in common

Note 1 to entry: Where required, more specifically, class can be narrowed down in line with ISO 23081-1:2006, definition 3.4, to the description of a set of objects (3.1.1.01) that share the same attributes, operations, methods, relationships (3.1.1.12), and semantics

Note 2 to entry: See also “concept” (3.1.1.02) and ISO 21127:2014, definition 3.1.

(3.8.5.04)

class number

class code

notation (3)

classmark

notation (1) <symbols> (3.1.4.16) representing a concept (3.1.1.02) or class (3.8.5.03) in a structured vocabulary (3.8.3.37), especially a classification scheme (3.8.5.02)

EXAMPLE 1:

07.04.4 Fishery policy and development - ILO Thesaurus

EXAMPLE 2:

classification system

classification scheme

schedule (3.8.3.34) of concepts (3.1.1.02) and pre-coordinated (3.8.3.33) combinations of concepts, arranged by classification (3.8.5.01)

Note 1 to entry: A classification scheme often also includes an index.

Note 2 to entry: See also thesaurus (3.8.3.01); ISO/IEC 11179-1:2015, definition 3.3.4; ISO 19144-1:2009, definition 4.1.5; ISO/PAS 16917:2002, definition 3.2.4.

(3.8.5.03)

classified catalogue

catalogue where the entries (3.2.1.32) are filed (1) <placement> (3.9.2.01) based on a classification system (3.8.5.02) and the catalogue contains a subject index (3.5.1.09)

Note 1 to entry: Most often a catalogue (2) <holdings-related list> (3.5.1.01).

(3.5.2.07)

classified collection

collection (2) <gathering> (3.6.1.05) of restricted access (3.11.1.01)

(3.6.1.10)

classified data

data (3.1.1.15) to which access (3.11.1.01) is restricted by administrative means varying according to the degree of data protection (3.13.5.01) or information (3.1.1.16) protection sought

(3.1.10.18)

classified display

display (3.1.11.14) of a thesaurus (3.8.3.01) showing the index terms (3.8.1.08) in a structured sequence

(3.8.4.12)

classified indexing

indexing (3.8.2.01) in which subject analysis for document (3.1.1.38) content and classification (3.8.5.01)identifiers (3.1.12.19) are administered

(3.8.2.08)

classified order

order (3.1.1.14) following the divisions established by a classification system (3.1.1.13)

(3.1.1.66)

classified shelving

storage (1) <placement> (3.9.1.01) of documents (3.1.1.38) in the order (3.1.1.14) of a subject classification system (3.8.5.02)

[SOURCE: ISO/TR 11219:2012, definition 2.18, modified]

(3.9.2.08)

classifying

classification

assignment to a document (3.1.1.38) of class (3.8.5.03)symbols (3.1.4.17) taken from a classification system (3.8.5.02)

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO 7200:2004, definition 3.1.

(3.8.5.02)

clay tablet

writing (3.1.11.01)medium (3.2.1.25) composed of a lump of clay into which impressions of characters (3.1.4.02) are made

(3.3.2.35)

cleaning

conservation (3.12.1.01) measure of removing foreign matter from a material object (3.1.1.60)

Note 1 to entry: See also EN 15898:2011, definition 3.5.3; “precision cleaning” (2.25), “rough cleaning/precleaning” (2.27) and “visibly clean/VC” (2.35) in ISO 14952-1:2003.

(3.12.6.02)

clearance

authorization of access (3.11.1.01) to specific classified data (3.1.10.17)

(3.13.5.06)

clearinghouse

organization (3.1.1.55) or part of an organization which is a service (3.1.1.59) point charged with the supply of the documents (3.1.1.38) produced or assembled by an organization

Note 1 to entry: A clearinghouse fulfills the functions of an information and documentation organization (3.2.3.37).

(3.2.3.25)

clipping

abbreviation (3.1.5.47) that retains only the beginning of the word (1) <orthographic word> (3.1.5.18) to be abbreviated

(3.1.5.49)

closed access

access (3.11.1.01) to information (3.1.1.16), documents (3.1.1.38) or information services (3.2.1.33) limited by general or specific regulations

(3.11.1.08)

closed file

file (2) <unit of documents> (3.4.4.01) containing documents (3.1.1.38) on which action has been completed and to which additional documents are not likely to be added

(3.4.4.03)

closed record group

fonds (3)

archive group (3.6.3.27) to which further records (1) <documents> (3.1.13.16) are unlikely to be added

Note 1 to entry: For Continental European countries the equivalent is fonds (3) <closed record group>. See also closed archive(s) (3.6.4.34);fonds (2) <primary arrangement division> (3.6.3.27); fonds (1) <whole of the records>.

(3.6.3.30)

closed shelves, pl

shelves (3.11.3.10) normally not accessible (3.11.1.01) to users

Note 1 to entry: See also “open shelves” (3.9.2.16) and “closed stacks” (3.11.3.09).

(3.9.2.16)

closed stacks, pl

stacks (3.11.3.08) that are not accessible to users

[SOURCE: ISO/TR 11219:2012, definition 2.19]

(3.11.3.10)

closed user group

CUG

user group (3.11.2.11) with exclusive access (3.11.1.01) to data (3.1.1.15) or information (3.1.1.16) carried on a public network or on a videotext system (3.1.1.13)

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO/IEC 2382:2015, definition 2124460.

(3.11.2.13)

cloth binding

full binding (3.5.9.3.01) in cloth with stiff boards (2) <cover> (3.5.9.2.16)

(3.5.9.3.03)

clustering

automatic classification (3.8.5.01) of documents (3.1.1.38), normally a polythetic classification (3.8.6.03), which is un-ordered (3.1.1.14), but often exclusive

(3.8.2.16)

coated paper

paper (1) <material> (3.3.5.2.01) which has been given a coating (3.12.3.01) of clay or other materials to improve its finish

(3.3.5.2.19)

coating

process of applying, to a surface, one or more layers of another material in fluid form

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO 4618:2014, definition 2.49.

(3.12.3.02)

co-citation

citation (3.5.8.16) of one document (3.1.1.38) in two or more other documents

(3.5.1.15)

cockling

buckling (3.12.4.07) of a sheet (1) <piece> (3.4.1.27.08) in one plane in the form of waves or ripples

(3.12.4.09)

code (1)

<transformation rule> code (2) <data> (3.1.13.10) showing the transformation of a language (3.1.5.01) into another language

Note 1 to entry: See also code (2) <data> (3.1.13.10).

(3.1.13.10)

code (2)

<data> data (3.1.1.15) transformed or represented in different forms according to a pre-established set (3.1.1.09) of rules

[SOURCE: http://iso.i-term.dk/frames.php]

Note 1 to entry: See also code (1) <transformation rule> (3.1.13.09).

(3.1.13.11)

code element

individual entry in a code (2) <data> (3.1.13.10)

[SOURCE: ISO 639-4:2010, definition 3.4]

(3.1.13.12)

codicology

study of the nature, production, history, dissemination (3.2.1.34) and use of manuscripts (1) <non-printed document> (3.4.7.02) of all kinds

(3.2.2.16)

coding

process of data (3.1.1.15) representation or data transformation (3.1.11.06)

Note 1 to entry: See also code (1) <transformation rule> (3.1.13.09).

(3.1.11.05)

coined term

new term (3.1.5.25) created to express a concept (3.1.1.02) for which no suitable term exists in the required language

[SOURCE: ISO 25964-1:2011, definition 2.7]

Note 1 to entry: See also neologism (3.1.5.26).

(3.8.3.09)

collage

art object (3.4.6.12) composed of various materials

(3.3.3 Documents by medium)

(3.3.3.01)

collating

checking procedures to ascertain that a document (3.1.1.38) is complete and without production faults

Note 1 to entry: See also “collation” (3.5.9.4.01).

(3.6.2.2.05)

collation

checking for completeness and for putting the leaves (3.5.9.1.01), issues (3.4.1.28.17) or sections (2) <folded leaves> (3.5.9.2.03)of adocument (3.1.1.38) in the correct order (3.1.1.14)

[SOURCE: ISO 14416:2003, definition 3.10, modified]

Note 1 to entry: See also “collating” (3.6.2.2.04) and ISO 12637-4:2008, definition 2.17.

(3.5.9.4.02)

collected edition

edition (2) <identical documents> assembling works (3.2.1.07) by one author (3.7.1.01) that have already been published (3.3.4.01) before

(3.4.1.27.14)

collection (1)

<monographic document> document (3.1.1.38) bringing together, normally under a common title (3.7.4.10), works (3.2.1.07) by one or more authors (3.7.1.01) or editors (3.2.4.07) on one or more subjects

Note 1 to entry: See also collection (2) <gathering> (3.6.1.05); collection (3) <manuscripts> (3.6.1.12).

(3.4.1.27.11)

collection (2)

<gathering> gathering of items assembled on the basis of some common characteristic (3.1.1.04), for some purpose, or as the result of some process

Note 1 to entry: See also collection (1) <monographic document> (3.4.1.27.10), collection (3) <manuscripts> (3.6.1.12), set (3.1.1.09), convolute (3.3.2.08), holdings (3.6.1.01), accumulation (3.2.1.37).

(3.6.1.06)

collection (3)

<manuscripts> total holdings (3.6.1.01) of a manuscript (1) <non-printed document> (3.4.7.02)repository (3.2.3.10)

Note 1 to entry: See also collection (1) <monographic document> (3.4.1.27.10); collection (2) <gathering> (3.6.1.05).

(3.6.1.13)

collection breadth

degree of completeness of a collection (2) <gathering> (3.6.1.05) in relation to its subject scope (3.6.2.1.03)

(3.6.2.1.07)

collection currency

degree to which documents (3.1.1.38) in a collection (2) <gathering> (3.6.1.05) reflect up-to-date knowledge (3.1.1.23)

(3.6.2.1.09)

collection depth

degree of completeness of a collection (2) <gathering> (3.6.1.05) in each subject field (3.1.2.07) covered

(3.6.2.1.08)

collection development

field of application of an information and documentation organization (3.2.3.37) embracing the planning, establishment, growth and maintenance of a collection (2) <gathering> (3.6.1.05)

(3.2.1.37)

collection management

planning and execution of operations required to implement the collection policy (3.6.2.1.01)

(3.6.2.1.03)

collection policy

statement by an information and documentation organization (3.2.3.37) of the strategies to be followed for the effective use of the resources allocated to collection development (3.2.1.36)

(3.6.2.1.02)

collection use figure

number of times that a collection (2) <gathering> (3.6.1.05) is consulted by information users (3.11.2.05) within a specified period of time

(3.11.7.03)

collective knowledge

knowledge (3.1.1.17) which is shared by a larger group or by a society as a whole

(3.1.1.21)

collective rights society

collecting society

copyright collective

organization (3.1.1.55) collectively administering rights on behalf of authors (3.7.1.01), artists or publishers (3.2.3.15)

[SOURCE: ISO 21047:2009, definition 3.34, modified]

(3.2.3.26)

collective title

title (3.7.4.01) or part of a title common to several units of description (3.7.2.02)

(3.7.4.12)

collodion print

photographic (3.4.5.1.01)print (3.4.7.68) obtained in a coating (3.12.3.01) of collodion which is made light sensitive with silver salts and exposed to light through a photographic negative

(3.4.5.2.04)

collotype print

print (3.4.7.68) from a plate of metal initially coated with bichromated gelatin which, when exposed to light under a reversed photographic (3.4.5.1.01) negative, hardens in proportion to the amount of light each part receives, and thus forms a planographic printing (3.3.5.1.08) surface on which the ink adheres in proportion to its degree of hardness

(3.4.5.4 Manually produced artistic graphic documents)

(3.4.5.4.01)

colophon

combined statement in a volume (3.3.5.2.37) of its authorship, copyright (3.13.3.1.02) holders, details of production and publication (3.1.8.27), either on the title page (3.5.7.02)verso (3.5.9.1.03) or at the end of the volume (3.3.5.2.37)

Note 1 to entry: In early printed books (1) <intellectual work> (3.4.1.27.04), the colophon refers to a symbol (3.1.4.17) or logo representing the printer (3.2.3.16).

Note 2 to entry: In a newspaper (3.4.1.28.04), the colophon contains information about its editors (3.2.4.07).

(3.5.8 Intellectual parts of documents)

(3.5.8.01)

colour

color, US

any of the hues of the rainbow and any tint or shade made by mixing those hues with white or black

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO 19262:2015, definition 3.28; ISO 4618:2014, definition 2.58; ISO 5492:2008, definition 3.32.

(3.12.2.31)

colour fastness

color fastness, US

property (3.1.1.03) of a pigment (3.3.5.2.21) or dye (3.3.5.2.22) which allows it to retain its original hue

(3.12.2.08)

colour film

color film, US

film carrying one or more emulsions which, during processing, yield dye images (3.2.1.04), reproducing the brightness and colour (3.12.2.30) value of a scene

[SOURCE: ISO 4246:1994, definition 90]

(3.3.3.32)

column (1)

<serial article> article (3.5.8.06) usually with a non-specific general heading (1) <text line> (3.5.8.09) appearing regularly in a serial (3.4.1.28.01), giving comment or observations on seemingly paradoxical current societal issues, with its heading (1) <text line> remaining the same over a longer time

Note 1 to entry: The heading (1) <text line> may be a word (1) <orthographic word> , phrase, symbol or a personal name

column (2)

<vertical division> vertical division of a layout medium

Note 1 to entry: See also column (1) <serial article> (3.5.8.22).

(3.5.9.1.05)

column head

heading (1) <text line> (3.5.8.09) shown at the top of a page (3.5.9.1.02) or column (2) <vertical division> (3.5.9.1.04) throughout an entire document (3.1.1.38) or in a part of it

Note 1 to entry: Such parts may be chapters, articles, dictionary entries.

(3.5.8.31)

comb binding

mechanical binding (3.5.9.3.09) in which curved prongs extending from a plastic spine (3.5.9.2.18) are inserted into slits in the leaves (3.5.9.1.01) and side covers (1) <covering material> (3.5.9.2.13)

(3.5.9.3.12)

command

instruction given to a computer system (3.1.1.13)

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO 8777:1993, definition 3.2; ISO/TR 9007:1987 (page 30).

(3.10.3.03)

commercial

short film or short radio spot advertising a product or an event for commercial purposes

Note 1 to entry: The principal division is between radio spots and TV adverts.

(3.5.8.45)

commercial copy

copy (2) <reproduction> (3.4.7.14) made to be disseminated (3.2.1.34) for a monetary profit

Note 1 to entry: See also private copy (3.4.7.15).

(3.4.7.78)

commercial use

use of information (3.11.2.01) for the purpose of making a monetary profit

(3.11.3 Infrastructure)

(3.11.3.01)

common title

part of a title (3.7.4.01) common to several bibliographic units (3.7.2.11) which form part of a set (3.1.1.09)

(3.7.4.11)

commonplace book

memorandum book

volume (3.3.5.2.37) in which is entered, with or without arrangement (1) <archival operation> (3.2.1.30), information (3.1.1.16) of any kind to be remembered or referred to by the compiler

Note 1 to entry: See also journal (1) <chronological record> (3.4.7.38).

(3.5.2.19)

communication

process by which information (3.1.1.16) is exchanged between individuals or systems (3.1.1.13) using a common system of symbols (3.1.4.17), signs (3.1.4.01), or behaviour

[SOURCE: http://smw-rda.esc.rzg.mpg.de/index.php/communication]

Note 1 to entry: See also “information dissemination” (3.2.1.34).

(3.1.8.05)

communication system

system (3.1.1.13) of managing communication (3.1.8.04) processes

(3.1.8.07)

communication theory

scientific discipline concerned with the study of communication (3.1.8.04) processes and communication systems (3.1.8.06)

(3.1.8.06)

compact disc

CD

small optical disc (3.4.5.5.11)

Note 1 to entry: Normally a compact disc has a diameter of 11.989 cm (4.72 in).

(3.4.5.5.14)

compact shelving

shelving (3.9.2.06) method based on mobile equipment for space saving and increased security

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO/TR 11219:2012, definition 2.20.

(3.9.2.13)

company library

library (3.2.3.02) attached to a commercial enterprise and serving its professional goals as well as, sometimes, providing literature for the leisure interests of staff

(3.6.4.1.23)

competitive intelligence

information (3.1.1.16) gathered and analysed about competitors’ plans, products, customers, and pricing

(3.2.1.36)

complementary document

modern time technical document (3.4.6.07) for and in manufacturing processes, referenced in the main document (3.4.7.89) and containing specifying information (3.1.1.16)

[SOURCE: ISO 11005:2010, definition 3.4, modified]

(3.5 Tertiary documents)

(3.5.1 General concepts)

(3.5.1.01)

complete document estate

totality of a document estate (3.6.3.09) encountered in, or estimated (expected) as belonging to, the possessions of the deceased person

Note 1 to entry: In some cases, the extent of a literary estate as it can be ideally supposed must be determined by estimation.

(3.6.3.12)

complex term

term (3.1.5.25) containing two or more roots

EXAMPLE:

Bookmaker, know-how, fault recognition circuit.

(3.8.3.12)

composite class

class (3.8.5.03) which expresses a non-hierarchical relation (3.1.7.12) between two or more elemental classes (3.8.5.09) and thus not resulting in a melting of these classes to form one new object (3.1.1.01), instead keeping the combined objects discrete and separately identifiable

EXAMPLE:

Respiration of birds, timber for kayaks.

(3.8.5.12)

composite manuscript

classical or medieval handwritten (3.1.6.07)manuscript (1) <non-printed document> (3.4.7.02) containing texts (3.2.1.05) by different authors (3.2.1.05) and forming a physical unit, either from the outset or through binding (2) <activity> (3.5.9.2.01) previously separate units into one

Note 1 to entry: The different texts may or may not have been written (3.1.11.01) by different scribers.

(3.4.7.86)

compound equivalence

relationship (3.1.1.12) or mapping (3.1.11.09) in which one term (3.1.5.25) or concept (3.1.1.02) in one context (3.1.2.05) is represented by two or more terms (3.1.5.25) or concepts (3.1.1.02) in another

[SOURCE: ISO 25964-1:2011, definition 2.8]

(3.8.4.09)

compound term

term (3.1.5.25) that can be split morphologically (3.1.5.12) into separate components

EXAMPLE:

In English:

“copper mines” can be split into “copper” and “mines”; “lawnmowers” can be split into “lawns” and “mowers”

In French:

“mine de cuivre” can be split into “mine” and “cuivre”; “biodiversité” can be split into "biologie" and "diversité"

Note 1 to entry: Compound terms can be multi-word terms (3.8.3.30), or can consist of only one word (1) <orthographic word> .

[SOURCE: ISO 25964-1:2011, definition 2.9]

(3.8.3.10)

comprehensive collection

collection (2) <gathering> (3.6.1.05) aiming at completeness for a specified subject field (3.1.2.07), time or provenance (3.6.2.1.09)

(3.6.1.08)

computer word

machine word

word (2)

character string (3.1.12.18) that is considered as a unit for a given purpose

Note 1 to entry: See also word (1) (3.1.5.18) and ISO 8777:1993, definition 3.30.

(3.1.5.20)

concept

unit of knowledge (3.1.1.17) created by a unique combination of characteristics (3.1.1.04)

Note 1 to entry: Concepts are not necessarily bound to particular languages. They are, however, influenced by the social or cultural background, which often leads to different categorizations.

[SOURCE: ISO 1087-1:2000, definition 3.2.10]

Note 2 to entry: Concepts represent objects (3.1.1.01).

concept system

system of concepts

set (3.1.1.09) of concepts (3.1.1.02) structured according to the relations (3.1.1.12) among them

[SOURCE: ISO 1087-1:2000, definition 3.2.11]

Note 1 to entry: See also “thesaurus” (3.8.3.01) and “classification” (3.8.5.01); ISO 19104:2016, definition 4.6; ISO 17115:2007, definition A 3.2.11.

(3.1.2.05)

conceptual data model

data model (3.1.13.33) that represents an abstract view of the real world

Note 1 to entry: A conceptual model represents the human understanding of a system (3.1.1.13).

[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 11179-1:2015, definition 3.2.5]

Note 2 to entry: See also ISO 25964-1:2011; definition 2.14.

(3.1.13.35)

conceptual model

model that defines concepts (3.1.1.02) of a universe of discourse

[SOURCE: ISO 19103:2015 definition 4.11]

(3.1.13.32)

conceptual object

object (3.1.1.01) which is the product of the mental activity of applying abstraction in human mind activities

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO 21127:2014, classes “E 28” and “E 65”.

(3.1.1.62)

conceptual schema

formal description of a conceptual model (3.1.13.31)

[SOURCE: ISO 19103:2015 definition 4.12]

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO/TR 9007:1987 (pages 12, 27 and 72).

(3.1.13.33)

concordance list

conversion list

list (3.4.7.25) of relations (3.1.1.12) between the terms (3.1.5.25) of two or more indexing languages (3.8.1.06) or records (1) <document(s)> (3.1.12.16) that are differently arranged and listed in finding aids (3.10.1.06)

(3.5.1.16)

confidential data

data (3.1.1.15) to which only a limited number of persons have access (3.11.1.01) and which are meant for restricted use

Note 1 to entry: See also “confidentiality” (ISO 20252:2012, definition 2.14).

(3.1.10.19)

consent

data subject’s consent

approval of the data subject (3.13.4.01) required, except where provided by law, for the recording (3.1.8.26) of personal data (3.1.10.14) by a data holder (3.13.4.02)

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO/TS 27790:2009, definition 3.22.

(3.13.4.08)

conservation

preservation (3.2.1.39) measures and actions applied to prevent, arrest or delay deterioration (3.12.1.09) of a document (3.1.1.38) or other material object (3.1.1.60)

Note 1 to entry: See also EN 15898:2011, definition 3.3.1; ISO 18913:2012, definition 3.39.

Note 2 to entry: “conservation” consists of “preventive conservation” and “remedial conservation” (EN 15898:2011, definitions 3.3.5 and 3.3.6).

(3.12.1.02)

conservation record

record (1) <document(s)> (3.1.13.16) of the condition of a document (3.1.1.38) or other material object (3.1.1.60) or the conservation (3.12.1.01) and restoration (3.12.1.02) measures applied to it

(3.5.4.11)

conservator

person who performs the operations necessary to maintain the integrity and value of material objects (3.1.1.60) in an information and documentation organization (3.2.3.37)

Note 1 to entry: See also conservation (3.12.1.01).

(3.2.4.16)

consolidation

strengthening of a data medium (3.1.1.39) by the introduction of a suitable substance

Note 1 to entry: See also EN 15898:2011, definition 3.5.4.

(3.12.1.07)

content analysis

subject analysis

analysis of a document (3.1.1.38) to determine its content components with their relations (3.1.1.12) to each other

(3.8.1.02)

content description

description (1) <activity> (3.2.1.28) based on data (3.1.1.15) taken from the document (3.1.1.38) and resulting from the assignment of index terms (3.8.1.08) or notations (1) <symbols> (3.1.3.17) from an indexing language (3.8.1.06)

Note 1 to entry: Content description may also be achieved through textual representation, and the assignment of index terms may be derived intellectually or by means of software (3.1.12.14) programmes.

Note 2 to entry: See also “indexing” (3.8.2.01); “abstract” (3.5.4.01).

(3.8.1.03)

content descriptor

preferred term (3.8.3.05) used to denote the subject of a document (3.1.1.38)

Note 1 to entry: See also “subject heading” (3.7.3.04; form heading (3.7.3.03)).

(3.8.3.20)

content metadata

metadata (3.1.10.26.01) about the specific contents recorded in a digital document (3.1.1.38), including a record (2) <set of data> (3.1.13.22)

(3.1.10.26.04)

content provider

organization (3.1.1.55) whose function is to commission, create, collect, validate, host, distribute and trade information (3.1.1.16) in electronic form

Note 1 to entry: See also publisher (3.2.3.15).

(3.2.3.23)

context

all components of a situation, including material objects (3.1.1.60), surrounding an object (3.1.1.01) in present and past

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO/TR 17119:2005, definition 2.4; EN 15898:2011, definition 3.1.8

(3.1.2.06)

contextual metadata

metadata (3.1.10.26.01) needed for interpreting the relevance of data (3.1.1.15) such as files (1) <set of records> (3.1.12.02) in a collection (2) <gathering> (3.6.1.05)

Note 1 to entry: The context includes provenance information (3.1.10.26.10) (identifying the source of the data), descriptive metadata (defining the attributes of the data), structural data (defining data formats).

Note 2 to entry: Some such metadata may be extracted from associated documents or mined from headers within the data.

[SOURCE: http://smw-rda.esc.rzg.mpg.de/index.php/Contextual_Metadata]

(3.1.10.26.12)

continuation record

record (2) <set of data> (3.1.13.22)documenting (1) <activity> (3.2.1.22) the receipt of documents (3.1.1.38) issued in parts as they are received

EXAMPLE:

Parts such as instalments (1) <incomplete part in delivery> (3.4.1.28.18) or issues (3.4.1.28.17).

(3.5.1.32)

continuing resource

publication (3.1.8.27), in any medium (3.2.1.25), that is issued over time with no predetermined conclusion and made available to the public

[SOURCE: ISO 3297:2007, definition 2.1]

(3.4.1.06)

contraction

word (1) <orthographic word> (3.1.5.18)abbreviation (3.1.5.47) that collocates several words (1) <orthographic word> into one and shortens one or more of them in this operation

EXAMPLE:

“don’t” for “do not”.

(3.1.5.50)

contributor

person or organization (3.1.1.55) contributing to the intellectual making of a document (3.1.1.38) in whole or in part

[SOURCE: ISO 21047:2009, definition 3.4, modified]

(3.7.1.05)

control character

character (3.1.4.02) used for the organization of data (3.1.1.15)

Note 1 to entry: A graphic character (3.1.4.04) may be used as a control character.

(3.1.4.15)

controlled vocabulary

prescribed list (3.4.7.25) of terms (3.1.5.25), headings (2) <access point> (3.7.3.01) or codes (2) <data> (3.1.13.10), each representing a concept (3.1.1.02)

[SOURCE: ISO 25964-1:2011, definition 2.12]

(3.8.1.06)

convolute

bundle

several material objects (3.1.1.60) physically kept together on grounds of an identical external organizing feature

Note 1 to entry: Such feature can be: same origin, physical packing, offer for sale, use etc.

Note 2 to entry: See also set (3.1.1.09); collection (2) <gathering> (3.6.1.05).

(3.3.2.09)

cooperative catalogue

union catalogue (1) <comprehensive catalogue> (3.5.2.03) bringing together bibliographic descriptions (3.7.2.06) which follow different cataloguing (3.2.1.29) rules so that the same bibliographic entity (3.1.13.27) may be represented by several, differing bibliographic records (2) <set of data> (3.1.12.22) and thus be contained in the catalogue (2) <holdings-related list> (3.5.1.01) several times

(3.5.2.06)

coordinate concept

related concept

subordinate concept (3.1.2.19) having the same nearest superordinate concept (3.1.2.18) and the same criterion of subdivision as some other concept (3.1.1.02) in a given concept system (3.1.2.04)

(3.1.2.24)

copper engraving

print (3.4.7.68) from a plate of copper, or of copper faced with steel, the printing (1) <technical process> (3.3.5.1.01) areas of which have been engraved so that they are lower than the non-printing areas

(3.4.5.3.13)

copy

read (3.1.11.02)data (3.1.1.15) from a source data medium (3.1.1.39), leaving the source data unchanged, and to write (3.1.11.01) the same data on a destination data medium that may differ from that of the source

EXAMPLE:

To copy a file (1) <set of records> 3.1.12.02) from a magnetic tape (3.4.5.5.05) onto a magnetic disc (3.4.5.5.10).

[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 2382:2015, definition 2122157]

(3.1.11.08)

copy (1)

<copy original> document (3.1.1.38) which serves as the original matter from which a reproduction (3.4.7.17) or a more finished document is eventually prepared

Note 1 to entry: See also copy (2) <reproduction> (3.4.7.14); copy (3) <exemplar> (3.3.2.02); and ISO 3664:2009, definition 3.11.

copy (2)

<reproduction> reproduction (3.4.7.17) or transcript of a document (3.1.1.38)

Note 1 to entry: See also copy (1) <copy original> (3.4.7.12), copy (3) <exemplar> (3.3.2.02); ISO 18913:2012, definition 3.41.

(3.4.7.15)

copy cataloguing

use of a pre-existing bibliographic description (3.7.2.06) to fit the characteristics (3.1.1.04) of the document (3.1.1.38) to be catalogued (3.5.1.01), editing this description (1) <activity> (3.2.1.28) as necessary and attaching to it the local holdings (3.6.1.01)information (3.1.1.21), if required

(3.7.2.24)

copy editor

person or organization (3.1.1.55) undertaking editing (3.3.4.02), including all correction and surveillance work concerning grammar, orthography, and formal presentation of a manuscript (2) <dissemination manuscript> (3.4.7.05) and for marking it in this respect for any typesetting

(3.2.4.12)

copying

production of an image (3.2.1.04) which is a reproduction (3.4.7.17) of the image of another document (3.1.1.38)

[SOURCE: ISO 12637-1:2006, definition 50, modified]

(3.3.5.15)

copy-paste writing

cut-paste writing

re-use of relevant written (3.1.11.01)text (3.2.1.05) from others in one's own manuscript (2) <dissemination manuscript> (3.4.7.05), of small text passages but in frequent cases

(3.13.2.11)

copyright

exclusive right (3.13.3.1.07) granted to the owner of an original work (3.2.1.07) of authorship (3.7.1.01), which is fixed in any tangible medium (3.2.1.25) of expression, to reproduce (3.4.7.17), publish (3.3.4.01), perform, and/or sell the work

[SOURCE: ISO/IEC IEEE 24765:2010, definition 3.630]

Note 1 to entry: See also “copyright notice” (3.13.3.1.03).

(3.13.3.1.03)

copyright library

legal deposit (3.6.2.2.08)library (3.2.3.02) in a country in which copyright (3.13.3.1.02) depends or formerly depended upon the formal act of deposit (3.6.2.2.09) in a designated library

(3.6.4.1.09)

copyright notice

imprint (3.7.1.09) notice on an item indicating year and owner of copyright (3.13.3.1.02) in that item

EXAMPLE:

The sign ©.

Note 1 to entry: See also “copyright” (3.13.3.1.02).

(3.13.3.1.04)

corporate author

corporate body (3.1.1.57) considered to be responsible for the creation of a document (3.1.1.38) or of research data (3.1.1.10)

(3.7.1.03)

corporate body

organization (3.1.1.55) or group of persons that is identified by a particular name (3.1.5.28) and that acts, or may act, as an entity (3.1.13.27)

Note 1 to entry: "Corporate body” also includes an individual acting in a corporate capacity.

[SOURCE: ISAAR (CPF):2003, 3 Glossary of terms and definitions]

(3.1.1.58)

corpus

set (3.1.1.09) of documents (3.1.1.38) or data (3.1.1.15) that has a scientific meaning (3.1.8.03)

Note 1 to entry: A corpus can be produced by an individual researcher’s activity (including its archival materials), or from a laboratory research, field campaign or science and culture heritage project, a survey, etc.

[SOURCE: http://smw-rda.esc.rzg.mpg.de/index.php/Corpuse]

Note 2 to entry: See also documentation (2) <collection> (3.6.1.21).

(3.1.13.07)

country code

code element (3.1.13.11) used to represent the name (3.1.5.28) of a country, dependency, or other area of particular geopolitical interest

Note 1 to entry: Country codes are specified in ISO 3166. ISO 3166 provides alpha-2, alpha-3 and numeric-3 sets and three distinct codes (country code, country subdivision code and code for formerly used names of countries).

(3.2.5.14)

cover (1)

<envelope> envelope for the protection of a physical carrier (3.1.1.40) [e.g. CD-ROM (3.4.5.5.15) or phonograph record (3.4.5.5.02)] usually showing information (3.1.1.16)

Note 1 to entry: See also cover (2) <covering material> (3.5.9.2.13); ISO 18913:2012, definition 3.65.

(3.5.9.1.14)

cover (2)

<covering material> materials affixed to the spine (3.5.9.2.18) and sides of the book block (3.5.9.2.02) to protect it in use

Note 1 to entry: See also cover (1) <envelope> (3.5.9.1.13) and ISO 16763:2016, definition 3.4.4.

(3.5.9.2.14)

cover title

title (3.7.4.01) printed on the original front cover of a document (3.1.1.38)

[SOURCE: ISBD Consolidated Edition 2011, Appendix E]

(3.7.4.07)

cover version

version (3.4.1.04) of a piece of non-classical music (3.2.1.06) played differently from the original work (3.2.1.13), and by (a) musician(s) different from the original one(s)

(3.4.5.6.08)

coverage

degree of completeness of a collection (2) <gathering> (3.6.1.05) by collection breadth (3.6.2.1.06), collection depth (3.6.2.1.07) and collection currency (3.6.2.1.08)

(3.6.2.1.05)

coverage ratio

measure of collection breadth (3.6.2.1.06) in relation to the estimated totality of documents (3.1.1.38) in a given subject field (3.1.2.07)

(3.6.2.1.06)

cracking

damage (3.12.1.11) in the form of discontinuity on the surface or within a material object (3.1.1.60)

(3.12.4.11)

crawler

DEPRECATED: spider

any automated software (3.1.12.14) programme or script which visits websites (3.3.3.24) and systematically retrieves (3.10.1.01)information (3.1.1.16) from them, often to provide indexes (3.5.1.08) for search engines (3.1.12.17)

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO/TR 14873:2013, definition 2.12.

(3.1.13 Data representation in databases)

(3.1.13.01)

crazing

cracking (3.12.4.10) extending in a pattern over a whole surface of a material object (3.1.1.60)

EXAMPLE:

Craquelure.

(3.12.4.12)

creasability

ability of a sheet (1) <piece> (3.4.1.27.08) of material to be folded without cracking (3.12.4.10)

(3.12.2.13)

creator

any entity (3.1.13.27) (corporate body (3.1.1.57), family or person) that created, accumulated (3.2.1.37) and/or maintained records (1) <document(s)> (3.1.13.16) in the conduct of personal or corporate activity

(3.7.1.07)

creep (1)

<spread of adhesive> spread of an adhesive (3.3.5.2.35) over time beyond the point of its initial application

Note 1 to entry: See also creep (2) <deformation> (3.12.4.14).

(3.12.4.14)

creep (2)

<deformation> deformation of a document (3.1.1.38) in the form of dimensional expansion over time due to a constant load

Note 1 to entry: See also creep (1) <spread of adhesive> (3.12.4.13).

(3.12.4.15)

CRM

Conceptual Reference Model

ontology (3.1.2.03) for the cultural (heritage) field/sector, established by CIDOC (the Documentation Committee of ICOM), comprising 86 classes (3.8.5.03) and 124 relations (3.1.1.12) which express, in reversible relations, the necessary and adamant logic relations constituting the field

Note 1 to entry: CRM is specified in ISO 21127:2014.

(3.7.2.40)

cropping

cutting off part or parts of a document (3.1.1.38) or graphic so that its dimensions, and possibly its information (3.1.1.16) content, are changed

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO 19754-3:2006, definition 4.1.3.

(3.5.9.1.09)

cross direction

orientation of the grain in a paper (1) <material> (3.3.5.2.01) or board (1) <paper> (3.3.5.2.02) at right angles to the machine direction (3.12.3.04)

(3.12.3.06)

cross-language equivalence

equivalence relationship (3.1.7.07) between terms (3.1.5.25) representing the same concept (3.1.1.02) in different languages (3.1.5.01)

[SOURCE: ISO 25964-1:2011, definition 2.13]

Note 1 to entry: See also “synonymy” (3.1.7.02).

(3.8.4.10)

cultural property law

act (3.4.4.14) regulating the sale for export of certain privately owned documents (3.1.1.38) and other material objects (3.1.1.60) forming part of the national cultural heritage

(3.13.1.03)

cuneiform tablet

document (3.1.1.38) in the form of a clay tablet (3.3.2.34) onto which logographic or syllable cuneiform script (3.1.6.02)characters (3.1.4.02) have been marked

(3.3.2.42)

curator

person responsible for overseeing a collection (2) <gathering> (3.6.1.05) or exhibition (3.11.1.09)

(3.2.4.15)

curling

buckling (3.12.4.07) of a sheet (1) <piece> (3.4.1.27.08) in one plane so that it tends to roll up itself

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO 18913:2012, definition 3.45.

(3.12.4.10)

currency code

code element (3.1.13.11) used to represent the name (3.1.5.28) of a currency

Note 1 to entry: The international currency code is specified in ISO 4217 which provides an alpha-3 and a numeric-3 set.

(3.2.5.16)

current awareness service

service (3.1.1.59) or document (3.1.1.38) for regular provision of information (3.1.1.16) on newly available documents to information users (3.11.2.05) relating to their interests

(3.5.6.02)

current records

current archives

records (1) <documents> (3.1.13.16) regularly used for the conduct of the current business of an agency, institution or organization (3.1.1.55)

Note 1 to entry: Current records are also called current archives, in Latin countries.

(3.6.3.02)

custody

responsibility for the legal and physical preservation (3.2.1.39) of documents (3.1.1.38)

Note 1 to entry: See also “provenance” (3.6.2.1.09).

(3.1.1.59)

daguerreotype

positive photograph (3.4.5.1.01) fixed on a silver-coated copper plate

(3.4.5.2.02)

daily newspaper

daily

newspaper (3.4.1.28.04) appearing at least four days a week

(3.4.1.28.06)

damage

harmful alteration of the physical condition of a document (3.1.1.38) due to external or internal action

Note 1 to entry: See also EN 15898:2011, definition 3.2.7.

(3.12.1.12)

damp stain

tide mark

stain (3.12.4.22) caused by contact with water

(3.12.4.24)

damp stretching

deformation of a document (3.1.1.38) in the form of dimensional expansion due to the absorption of moisture

(3.12.4.16)

data access

process that enables users to retrieve (3.10.1.01) or read (3.1.11.02)published (3.3.4.01)data (3.1.1.15)

[SOURCE: http://smw-rda.esc.rzg.mpg.de/index.php/Data_Access]

Note 1 to entry: See also access (3.11.1.01).

(3.1.11.18)

data analysis

data (3.1.1.15) lifecycle stage that involves the techniques used to satisfy analyst goals of producing informative knowledge (3.1.1.17) from organized data

[SOURCE: http://smw-rda.esc.rzg.mpg.de/index.php/Data_Analysis]

(3.1.11.19)

data archiving

digital preservation (3.2.1.39) process that is moving data (3.1.1.15) into a managed form of storage (1) <placement> (3.9.1.01) for long-term retention

[SOURCE: http://smw-rda.esc.rzg.mpg.de/index.php/Data_Archiving]

(3.1.11.20)

data attribute

single data element (3.1.13.05) related to a data object (3.1.1.01) such as in a database (3.1.13.03)

[SOURCE: http://smw-rda.esc.rzg.mpg.de/index.php/Attribute]

(3.1.12.22)

data broker

data (3.1.1.15) infrastructure that provides various low-barrier mediation and interconnection services (3.1.1.59) to support cross domain (3.1.2.09) and project activities

(3.2.4.04)

data citation

practice of providing an identifying (3.2.1.26) reference to data (3.1.1.15) in a similar way that researchers routinely include a bibliographic reference to published (3.3.4.01) resources

[SOURCE: http://smw-rda.esc.rzg.mpg.de/index.php/Data_Citation]

Note 1 to entry: See also citation metadata (3.1.10.26.13).

(3.1.11.21)

data cleaning

process used to improve data (3.1.1.15)quality (3.1.3.01) by detecting and correcting (or removing) defects and errors in data

[SOURCE: http://smw-rda.esc.rzg.mpg.de/index.php/Data_Cleaning]

(3.1.11.22)

data curation

managed process, throughout the data (3.1.1.15)lifecycle (3.1.2.27), by which data/data collections (3.6.1.04) are cleansed, documented (3.2.1.22), standardized (3.4.7.78), formatted (3.1.13.12) and interrelated

[SOURCE: http://smw-rda.esc.rzg.mpg.de/index.php/Data_Curation]

(3.1.11.23)

data deposit

process by which data (3.1.1.15) is stored (3.9.1.01) in a data archive

[SOURCE: http://smw-rda.esc.rzg.mpg.de/index.php/Data_Deposit]

(3.1.11.24)

data description

formalized description (1) <activity> (3.2.1.28) of a data element (3.1.13.05) in the context (3.1.2.05) of the data (3.1.1.15) structure

(3.1.13.08)

data element

smallest parcel of information (3.1.1.16) within an identified data (3.1.1.15) group

[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 29881:2010, definition 3.3]

Note 1 to entry: See also data field (3.1.13.08).

(3.1.13.06)

data entry

process of putting data (3.1.1.15) onto a machine-readable medium (3.2.1.25)

EXAMPLE:

To enter data to a payroll file on a flexible disc from a terminal.

[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 2382:2015, definition 2122167]

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO 20252:2012, definition 2.18.

(3.1.11.04)

data field

field

component in a data (3.1.1.15)record (2) <set of data> (3.1.13.22)

Note 1 to entry: See also data element (3.1.13.05).

Note 2 to entry: See also ISO/IEC 19762:2016, definition 01.01.28; ISO 8440:1986, definition 2.5; ISO 8777:1993, definition 3.7

EXAMPLE:

(Title (3.7.4.01), author (3.7.1.01), and date of publication (3.3.4.10) are typical data fields in a bibliographic record.)

(3.1.13.09)

data format

predetermined arrangement of data (3.1.1.15) on a data medium (3.1.1.39)

Note 1 to entry: See also media format (3.1.1.06), bibliographic format (3.7.2.30).

(3.1.13.13)

data handler

person authorized to operate on certain types of data (3.1.1.15)

(3.13.4.04)

data holder

person or organization (3.1.1.55) authorized to record (3.1.8.26) and use certain types of data (3.1.1.15)

(3.13.4.03)

data integration

systematic combining of data (3.1.1.15) from different independent and potentially heterogeneous sources, to create a more compatible, unified view of these data for research purposes

[SOURCE: http://smw-rda.esc.rzg.mpg.de/index.php/Data_Integration]

(3.1.11.25)

data integrity

quality (3.1.3.01) of data (3.1.1.15) lawfully acquired (3.6.2.2.01), validated, stored (1) <placement> (3.9.1.01) and kept up to date

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO/IEC 2382:2015, definition 2126247; ISO 7498-2:1989; ISO/TS 19299:2015, definition 3.24; ISO/TS 21547:2010, definition 3.2.10; ISO/IEC 27000:2016, definition 2.40; ISO/TS 27790:2009, definition 3.36.

(3.1.11.16)

data linkage

aggregation of data (3.1.1.15) from several sources on one topic or data subject (3.13.4.01)

(3.1.11.13)

data medium

medium (3.2.1.25) in or on which data (3.1.1.15) can be recorded and from which data can be retrieved

Note 1 to entry: Sometimes referred to as “substrate”.

(3.1.1.40)

data migration

migration

process of transferring electronic information (3.1.1.16) from one software (3.1.12.14)/hardware (3.1.1215)environment or storage (1) <placement> (3.9.1.01)medium (3.2.1.25) to another environment or storage medium with little or no alteration of structure and no alteration in content and context (3.1.2.05)

EXAMPLE:

Move data from magnetic disc to magnetic tape, transfer database files from Oracle to SQL Server.

[SOURCE: ISO/TR 18492:2005, definition 3.9, modified]

(3.1.11.11)

data mining

computational search and retrieval (3.10.2.01) process that identifies (3.2.1.26) patterns by analysing quantitative data (3.1.1.15) from different perspectives and dimensions, categorizing (3.8.5.13) it, and summarizing potential relationships (3.1.1.12) and impacts

[SOURCE: ISO 16439:2014, definition 3.13, modified]

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO/TR 14873:2013, definition 2.15.

(3.10.2.06)

data model

description of the organization of data (3.1.1.15) in a manner that reflects an information (3.1.1.16) structure

[SOURCE: ISO 28258:2013, definition 3.9]

(3.1.13.34)

data processing

DP

systematic performance of operations upon data (3.1.1.15)

[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 2382:2015, definition 2121276]

(3.1.12.02)

data protection

legal, administrative, technical or physical measures taken to avoid unauthorized access (3.11.1.01) to and use of data (3.1.1.15)

Note 1 to entry: See also “privacy protection” in ISO/TS 21547:2010, definition 3.1.21.

(3.13.5.02)

data protection supervisory authority

data privacy commissioner

official body or person responsible for the enforcement of data protection (3.13.5.01) legislation or regulations

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO 19299:2015, definition 3.12.

Seules les parties informatives des normes sont consultables gratuitement. L'accès au contenu intégral de la norme est payant. Pour acquérir la norme, cliquez sur "Acheter".

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[42]ISO 8777:1993, Information and documentation — Commands for interactive text searching

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[57]ISO 10241-2:2012, Terminological entries in standards — Part 2: Adoption of standardized terminological entries

[58]ISO 10254:2016, Air cargo and ground equipment — Vocabulary

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[60]ISO 10324:1997, Information and documentation — Holdings statements — Summary level

[61]ISO 10523:2008, Water quality — Determination of pH

[62]ISO 10668:2010, Brand valuation — Requirements for monetary brand valuation

[63]ISO/IEC 10744:1997, Information technology — Hypermedia/Time-based Structuring Language (HyTime)

[64]ISO 10845-4:2011, Construction procurement — Part 4: Standard conditions for the calling for expressions of interest

[65]ISO 10957:2009, Information and documentation — International Standard Music Number (ISMN)

[66]ISO 11005:2010, Technical product documentation — Use of main documents

[67]ISO/TR 11065:1992, Industrial automation glossary

[68]ISO 11108:1996, Information and documentation — Archival paper — Requirements for permanence and durability

[69]ISO/IEC 11179-1:2004, Information technology — Metadata registries (MDR) — Part 1: Framework

[70]ISO/TR 11219:2012, Information and documentation — Qualitative conditions and basic statistics for library buildings — Space, function and design

[71]ISO/IEC 11404:2007, Information technology — General-Purpose Datatypes (GPD)

[72]ISO 11620:2014, Information and documentation — Library performance indicators

[73]ISO 11798:1999, Information and documentation — Permanence and durability of writing, printing and copying on paper — Requirements and test methods

[74]ISO 11799:2015, Information and documentation — Document storage requirements for archive and library materials

[75]ISO 11800:1998, Information and documentation — Requirements for binding materials and methods used in the manufacture of books

[76]ISO/TR 12037:1998, Electronic imaging — Recommendations for the expungement of information recorded on write-once optical media

[77]ISO 12200:1999, Computer applications in terminology — Machine-readable terminology interchange format (MARTIF)

[78]ISO12231:2012 Photography — Electronic still picture imaging — Vocabulary

[79]ISO 12615:2004, Bibliographic references and source identifiers for terminology work

[80]ISO 12620:2012, Terminology and other language and content resources — Specification of data categories and management of a Data Category Registry for language resources

[81]ISO 12637-1:2006, Graphic technology — Vocabulary — Part 1: Fundamental terms

[82]ISO 12637-4:2008, Graphic technology — Vocabulary — Part 4: Postpress terms

[83]ISO 12651-1:2012, Electronic document management — Vocabulary — Part 1: Electronic document imaging

[84]ISO/IEC 12785-1:2009, Information technology — Learning, education, and training — Content packaging — Part 1: Information model

[85]ISO 13008:2012, Information and documentation — Digital records conversion and migration process

[86]ISO/TR 13054:2012, Knowledge management of health information standards

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[88]ISO/TS 13584-35:2010, Industrial automation systems and integration — Parts library — Part 35: Implementation resources: Spreadsheet interface for parts library

[89]ISO/TR 13569:2005, Financial services — Information security guidelines

[90]ISO 13673:2000, Information technology — Document processing and related communication — Conformance testing for Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML) systems

[91]ISO/TS 14048:2002, Environmental assessment — Life cycle management — Data documentation format

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[94]ISO 14641-1:2012, Electronic archiving — Part 1: Specifications concerning the design and the operation of an information system for electronic information preservation

[95]ISO 14692-1:2002, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 1: Vocabulary, symbols, applications and materials

[96]ISO 14813-5:2010, Intelligent transport systems — Reference model architecture(s) for the ITS sector — Part 5: Requirements for architecture description in ITS standards

[97]ISO/TR 14873:2013, Information and documentation — Statistics and quality issues for web archiving

[98]ISO 14952-1:2003, Space systems — Surface cleanliness of fluid systems — Part 1: Vocabulary

[99]ISO/IEC 15288:2008, Systems and software engineering — System life cycle processes

[100]ISO/IEC 15444-8:2007, Information technology — JPEG 2000 image coding system: Secure JPEG 2000

[101]ISO 15474-1:2002, Information technology — CDIF framework- Part 1: Overview

[102]ISO 15489-1:2001, Information and documentation — Records management — Part 1: General

[103]ISO 15511:2011, Information and documentation — International standard identifier for libraries and related organizations (ISIL)

[104]ISO 15531-1:2004, Industrial automation systems and integration — Industrial manufacturing management data — Part 1: General overview

[105]ISO 15706-1:2002, Information and documentation — International Standard Audiovisual Number (ISAN)- Part 1: Audiovisual work identifier

[106]ISO 15707:2001, Information and documentation — International Standard Musical Work Code (ISWC)

[107]ISO 15740:2013, Photography — Electronic still picture imaging — Picture transfer protocol (PTP) for digital still photography devices

[108]ISO 15836:2009, Information and documentation — The Dublin Core metadata element set

[109]ISO 15924:2004, Information and documentation — Codes for the representation of names of scripts

[110]ISO 15930-3:2002, Graphic technology — Prepress digital data exchange — Use of PDF — Part 3: Complete exchange suitable for colour-managed workflows (PDF/X-3)

[111]ISO/IEC 15939:2007, Systems and software engineering — Measurement process

[112]ISO/IEC 15944-7: 2009, Information technology — Business Operational View — Part 7: eBusiness vocabulary

[113]ISO 16175-1:2010, Information and documentation — Principles and functional requirements for records in electronic office environments — Part 1: Overview and statement of principles

[114]ISO 16245:2009, Information and documentation — Boxes, file covers and other enclosures, made from cellulosic materials, for storage of paper and parchment documents

[115]ISO/TR 16344:2012, Energy performance of buildings — Common terms, definitions and symbols for the overall energy performance rating and certification

[116]ISO 16439:2014, Information and documentation — Methods and procedures for assessing the impact of libraries

[117]ISO 16708:2006, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Pipeline transportation systems — Reliability-based limit state methods

[118]ISO 16763:2016, Graphic technology — Post-press — Requirements for bound products

[119]ISO/TS 16791:2014, Health informatics — Requirements for international machine-readable coding of medicinal product packing identifiers

[120]ISO/PAS 16917:2002, Ships and marine technology — Data transfer standard for maritime and intermodal transportation and security

[121]ISO 17115:2007, Health informatics — Vocabulary for terminological systems

[122]ISO 17316:2015, Information and documentation — International standard link identifier (ISLI)

[123]ISO 17712:2013, Freight containers — Mechanical seals

[124]ISO/TS 18152:2010, Ergonomics of human-system interaction — Specification for the process assessment of human-system issues

[125]ISO/TR 18307:2001, Health informatics — Interoperability and compatibility in messaging and communication standards — Key characteristics

[126]ISO 18323:2015, Jewellery — Consumer confidence in the diamond industry

[127]ISO 18461:2016, International Museum Statistics

[128]ISO/TR 18492:2005, Long-term preservation of electronic document-based information

[129]ISO 18513:2003, Tourism services — Hotels and other types of accommodation — Terminology

[130]ISO 18913:2012, Imaging materials — Permanence — Vocabulary

[131]ISO 18925:2013, Imaging materials — Optical disc media — Storage practices

[132]ISO 18938:2014, Imaging materials — Optical discs — Care and handling for extended storage

[133]ISO 19005-1:2005, Document management — Electronic document file format for long-term preservation — Part 1: Use of PDF 1.4 (PDF/A-1)

[134]ISO 19101-1:2014, Geographic information — Reference model- Part 1: Fundamentals

[135]ISO/TS 19103:2005, Geographic information — Conceptual schema language

[136]ISO 19104:2016, Geographic information — Terminology

[137]ISO 19115-1:2014, Geographic information — Metadata — Part 1: Fundamentals

[138]ISO 19146:2010, Geographic information — Cross-domain vocabularies

[139]ISO 19153:2014, Geospatial Digital Rights Management Reference Model- GeoDRM RM

[140]ISO 19262:2015, Photography — Archiving systems — Vocabulary

[141]ISO 19299:2015, Electronic fee collection — Security framework

[142]ISO/IEC 19762:2016, Information technology — Automatic identification and data capture (AIDC) techniques — Harmonized vocabulary

[143]ISO 19338:2014, Performance and assessment requirements for design standards on structural concrete

[144]ISO/IEC 20000-1:2011, Information technology — Service management — Part 1: Service management system requirements

[145]ISO 20252:2012, Market, opinion and social research- Vocabulary and service requirements

[146]ISO/TS 20282-2:2013, Usability of consumer products and products for public use — Part 2: Summative test method

[147]ISO 20998-1:2006, Measurement and characterization of particles by acoustic methods — Part 1: Concepts and procedures in ultrasonic attenuation spectroscopy

[148]ISO/IEC TR 21000-1:2004, Information technology — Multimedia framework (MPEG-21)- Part 1: Vision, Technologies and Strategy

[149]ISO 21047:2009, Information and documentation — International Standard Text Code (ISTC)

[150]ISO 21127:2014, Information and documentation — A reference ontology for the interchange of cultural heritage information [CIDOC CRM Conceptual reference model. — See also relevant webpage of the CRM/SIG on this topic]

[151]ISO 21217:2014, Intelligent transport systems — Communications access for land mobiles (CALM)Architecture

[152]ISO/TS 21547:2010, Health informatics — Security requirements for archiving of electronic health records — Principles

[153]ISO 22320:2011, Societal security — Emergency management — Requirements for incident response

[154]ISO 22742:2010, Packaging — Linear bar code and two-dimensional symbols for product packaging

[155]ISO 22745-2:2010, Industrial automation systems and integration — Open technical dictionaries and their application to master data — Part 2: Vocabulary

[156]ISO/TS 22789:2010, Health informatics — Conceptual framework for patient findings and problems in terminologies

[157]ISO/IEC 23000-15:2016, Information technology — Multimedia application format (MPEG-A) — Part 15: Multimedia preservation application format

[158]ISO 23081-2:2009, Information and documentation — Managing metadata for records — Part 2: Conceptual and implementation issues

[159]ISO 23611-6:2012, Soil quality — Sampling of soil invertebrates — Part 6: Guidance for the design of sampling programmes with soil invertebrates

[160]ISO 24511:2007, Activities relating to drinking water and wastewater services — Guidelines for the management of wastewater utilities and for the assessment of wastewater services

[161]ISO 24613:2008, Language resource management — Lexical markup framework (LMF)

[162]ISO 24614-1:2010, Language resource management — Word segmentation of written texts — Part 1: Basic concepts and general principles

[163]ISO 24619:2011, Language resource management — Persistent identification and sustainable access (PISA)

[164]ISO/IEC 24727-6:2010, Identification cards — Integrated circuit card programming interfaces — Part 6: Registration authority procedures for the authentication protocols for interoperability

[165]ISO/IEC 24751-2:2008, Information technology — Individualized adaptability and accessibility in e-learning, education and training — Part 2: "Access for all" personal needs and preferences for digital delivery

[166]ISO/IEC 24760-1:2011, Information technology — Security techniques — A framework for identity

[167]ISO/IEC/IEEE 24765:2010, Systems and software engineering — Vocabulary

[168]ISO/IEC TR 24800-1:2012, Information technology — JPSearch- Part 1: System framework and components

[169]ISO/IEC 25000:2005, Software Engineering — Software product Quality Requirements and Evaluation (SQuaRE)- Guide to SQuaRE

[170]ISO/IEC 25012:2008, Software engineering — Software product Quality Requirements and Evaluation (SQuaRE) — Data quality model

[171]ISO 25024:2015, Systems and software engineering — Systems and software Quality Requirements and Evaluation (SQuaRE) — Measurement of data quality

[172]ISO/IEC 25062:2006, Software engineering — Software product Quality Requirements and Evaluation (SQuaRE)- Common Industry Format (CIF) for usability test reports

[173]ISO 25577:2013, Information and documentation — MarcXchange

[174]ISO 25639-1:2008, Exhibitions, shows, fairs and conventions — Part 1: Vocabulary

[175]ISO 25964-1:2011, Information and documentation — Thesauri and interoperability with other vocabularies — Part 1: Thesauri for information retrieval

[176]ISO 25964-2:2013, Information and documentation — Thesauri and interoperability with other vocabularies — Part 2: Interoperability with other vocabularies

[177]ISO 26324:2012, Information and documentation — Digital object identifier system

[178]ISO/IEC 26513:2009, Systems and software engineering — Requirements for testers and reviewers of user documentation

[179]ISO/IEC 26514:2008, Systems and software engineering — Requirements for designers and developers of user documentation

[180]ISO 26683-2:2013, Intelligent transport systems — Freight land conveyance content identification and communication — Part 2: Application interface profiles

[181]ISO/IEC 27000:2016, Information technology — Security techniques — Information security management systems — Overview and vocabulary

[182]ISO/IEC 27033-1:2015, Information technology — Security techniques — Network security — Part 1: Overview and concepts

[183]ISO 27729:2012, Information and documentation — International Standard Name Identifier (ISNI)

[184]ISO 27730:2012, Information and documentation — International Standard Collection Identifier (ISCI)

[185]ISO/TS 27790:2009, Health informatics — Document registry framework

[186]ISO/TR 28118:2009, Information and documentation — Performance indicators for national libraries

[187]ISO 28258:2013, Soil quality — Digital exchange of soil-related data

[188]ISO 28560-1:2014, Information and documentation — RFID in libraries — Part 1: Data elements and general guidelines for implementation ; Part 2:2014, Information and documentation — RFID in libraries — Part 2: Encoding of RFID data elements based on rules from ISO/IEC 15962

[189]ISO/IEC TR 29127:2011, Information technology — System Process and Architecture for Multilingual Semantic Reverse Query Expansion

[190]ISO/IEC TR 29156:2015, Information technology — Guidance for specifying performance requirements to meet security and usability needs in applications using biometrics

[191]ISO/IEC TR 29166:2011, Information technology — Document description and processing languages — Guidelines for translation between ISO/IEC 26300 and ISO/IEC 29500 document formats

[192]ISO 29404:2015, Ships and marine technology — Offshore wind energy — Supply chain information flow

[193]ISO 29845:2011, Technical product documentation — Document types

[194]ISO/IEC 29881:2010, Information technology — Systems and software engineering — FiSMA 1.1 Functional size measurement method

[195]ISO 30300:2011, Information and documentation — Management systems for records — Fundamentals and vocabulary

[196]IEC 81346-1:2009, Industrial systems, installations and equipment and industrial products — Structuring principles and reference designations — Part 1: Basic rules

[197]IEC 82045-1:2001, Document management — Part 1: Principles and methods

[198]ISO/IEC Guide 2:2004, Standardization and related activities — General vocabulary

[199]EN 13710:2011, European Ordering Rules — Ordering of characters from Latin, Greek, Cyrillic, Georgian and Armenian scripts [EN: European Norm/Standard]

[200]EN 15744:2009, Film identification — Minimum set of metadata for cinematographic works

[201]EN 15898-2011, Conservation of cultural property : Main general terms and definitions. - [50 main definitions in en, fr, de]

[202]EN 15907:2010, Film identification — Enhancing interoperability of metadata — Element sets and structures

[203]IEEE Std 1220:2005, IEEE Standard for Application and Management of the Systems Engineering Process

[204]ISAAR (CPF):2003. International Standard Archival Record For Corporate Bodies, Persons and Families. Release 2003. Available at: http://www.icacds.org.uk/eng/ISAAR(CPF)2ed.pdf

[205]ISAD (G):1999. General International Standard Archival Description. Release 1999. Available at: http://www.icacds.org.uk/eng/ISAD (G).pdf

[206]ISBD Consolidated Edition 2011. ISBD International Standard Bibliographic Description Consolidated Edition. Release 2011. Available at: http://www.ifla.org/files/assets/cataloguing/isbd/isbd-cons_20110321.pdf

[207]UNESCO Classification of museums (cfr. 1984 UNESCO/STC/Q/853)

NATIONAL STANDARDS

[208]ANSI/NISOZ39.19-2015 (R2010), Guidelines for the Construction, Format, and Management of Monolingual Controlled Vocabularies (Inactive). Available at: http://www.niso.org/apps/group_public/project/details.php?project_id=46

[209]ANSI/NISO Z39.43-1993 (R2011). Standard Address Number (SAN) for the Publishing Industry. Available at:http://www.niso.org/apps/group_public/project/details.php?project_id=54

[210]ANSI/NISO Z39.88. ANSI/NISO Z39.88-2004 (R2010) The OpenURL Framework for Context-Sensitive Services. Available at: http://www.niso.org/apps/group_public/project/details.php?project_id=82

GENERAL, LEGAL ASPECTS, PRESERVATION

[211]Allen, C. G.: What in fact does it mean? Some interlinguistic problems in library semantics. - In: Journal of documentation, 34(1978)2, p. 101-109

[212]Art and Architecture Thesaurus [AAT] / The Getty Art History Program, Toni Petersen, ed. - vol. 1, 2, 3. - 2nd ed. - 658, 1.087, 221 p. - New York ; Oxford : Oxford Univ. Press [OUP], 1994. - Frequently updated, current comprehensive version only online: http://www.getty.edu/research/conducting_research/vocabularies/aat/. - [Has large sections also on general "Document types" as well as on "Preservation". Spanish version: www.aatespanol.cl; Dutch: http://www.aat-ned.nl/index.html; Chinese:http://aat.teldap.tw/. Partial versions in French (http://www.rcip-chin.gc.ca/) and Italian exist, German version upcoming (http://www.aat-deutsch.de/ ]. - See particularly "Visual and Verbal Communication” (hierarchy name)

[213]Bookbinding and the preservation of books : A glossary of descriptive terminology / Matt T. Roberts ; Donald Etherington. - Washington, D.C. : Library of Congress, 1982. 296 p. - Searchable : http://cool.conservation-us.org/don/don.html. - Full text : http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015011728865;view=1up;seq=15

[214]Kuhn, Hilde : Wörterbuch der Handbuchbinderei und der Restaurierung von Einbänden, Papyri, Handschriften, Graphiken, Autographen, Urkunden und Globen in deutscher, englischer, französischer und Italienischer Sprache = Dictionary of bookbinding and restauration … 3rd ed. - Hannover : Schlüter, 1985. - 66 p. - de, en, fr, it. - Czech edition Lubomir Krupka, Praha : Uvaly, 1985

[215]Madrona Ortega, Javier : Vademécum del conservador : Terminologia applicada a la conservación del patrimonio cultural. - Madrid : Editorial tecnos, 2015. - 635 p.

[216]DCMI Metadata Terms: http://www.dublincore.org/documents/dcmi-terms/ [2007-05-21]; [See also ISO 15836:2003 The Dublin Core metadata element set]. - DCMI Glossary: http://www.dublincore.org/documents/usageguide/glossary.shtml. - http://www.dublincore.org/usage/terms/history/

[217]Dictionary of lexicography / R[einhard] R[udolf] K[arl] Hartmann ; Gregory James. - London ; New York : Routledge, 1998. - 176 p. - [ca 2.000 entries; examples; bibliography]

[218]Multilingual dictionary of technical terms in cartography = Dictionnaire … / International Cartographic Association (ICA), Commission Definition, Classification and Standardization of technical terms …. - Wiesbaden : Steiner, 1973. - LXXXIII, 573 p. - [en, fr, de, ru, es]

[219]Neumann, Joachim: Encyclopedic dictionary of cartography in 25 languages = Enzyklopädisches … - 2nd ed. - München : Saur, 1997 (Repr. 2011). - 586 p.

[220]Glossary of terms for the standardization of geographical names = Glossaire … = Glosario = … = … = … / United Nations, Dept. of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistics Division, UN Group of Experts on Geographical Names [UNGEGN]. - New York : United Nations, 2002. - 261 p. - Also: http://unstats.un.org/unsd/geoinfo/glossary.pdf - [Contains 375 entries in the 6 UN languages, as opposed to 175 in the precursor document "Glossary 330" : ST/CS/SER.F/ 330/rev.1, July 1986, 112 p. - The first ed. appeared ca. 1984, the 4th revision in 1998. - German edition: "Deutsches Glossar zur toponymischen Terminologie", 2. Ausg. 2002. http://webserver.bkg.bund.de/kartographie/stagn/stagn.htm]

[221]Preservation and access technology : The relationship between digital and other media conversion processes : A structured glossary of technical terms / M. Stuart Lynn, The Technology Assessment Advisory Committee to the CPA. - Washington, DC : The Commission on Preservation and Access [CPA], 1990. - Printed by Cornell University. - 68 p. - http://cool.conservation-us.org/byauth/lynn/glossary/ - La relación ..., Caracas 1999. Bilgi ortaminin ... , Ankara 1994. [A structured glossary - the entries embedded in the logical sequence of narrative text - of technical reproduction techniques, of document types, and of document components.]

[222]WIPO Glossary of terms of the Law of Copyright and Neighboring Rights = OMPI Glossaire … = OMPI Glosario … Geneva : WIPO, 1980. - 281 p. - (WIPO Publ. No. 816 EFS). - ISBN: oo - (265 legal terms or expressions)

[223]Balkwill, Richard: Multilingual dictionary of copyright, rights and contracts. - London [et al.] : Blueprint, 1995. - 345 p.

[224]http://iso.i-term.dk/login.php

[225]Buckland, Michael: What is a ‘document’ ? - In: Journal of the American Society of Information Science (ASIS), 48 (1997) 9, p. 804-809

[226]Challenges in creating a taxonomy of genres of digital documents / B. H. Kwasnik ; Y.-L. Chun ; K. Crowston; et al. - In: Knowledge organization for a global learning society : Proceedings of the 9th International ISKO Conference, 4-7 July 2006 Vienna / edited by … - Würzburg [DE] : Ergon Verlag, 2006. - p. 225-231

[227]Counting Online Usage of NeTworked Electronic Resources, http://www.projectcounter.org/r4/APPA.pdf

[228]www.rdatoolkit.org

[229]Research data alliance, http://smw-rda.esc.rzg.mpg.de/index.php

[230]W3C Semantic Web, http://www.w3.org/2001/sw/wiki/SKOS

[231]International Digital Publishing Forum, http://www.idpf.org/epub/30/spec/epub30-overview-20111011.html

ARCHIVES, RECORDS, PAPERWORK

[232]Describing archives : a content standard [DACS] / Society of American Archivists [SAA], Steven L. Hensen, 2004. - 269 p. - [Supersedes Hensen, APPM Archives, personal papers, ..]

[233]Dictionary of archival terminology : English and French [definitions]; with equivalents [terms] in Dutch, German, Italian, Russian and Spanish = Dictionnaire … / Peter Walne [ed.], International Council on Archives. - 2nd ed. - München [u.a.] : Saur, 1988. - 212 p. [ca 400 entries]. - (ICA Handbook series; 7). Ataman, Bekir Kemal (Hg.), Arsivcilik terimleri sözlügü = Dictionary of archival terminology. Almanca, ingilizce, fransizca, italyanca, hollandaca, rusça ve ispanyolca kar siliklariyla / AREM, Marmara Üniversitesi, Arsivcilik ve Evrak Yönetimi Arastirma ve Uygulama Merkezi, Istanbul, Librairie de Péra 1995, XX, 169 S.

[234]International Council on Archives, "Dictionary of Archival Terminology" (Draft Third Edition/DAT III, 1999) http://www.staff.unimarburg.de/~mennehar/datiii/engterm.html

[235]ICA Multilingual archival terminology: http://www.ica.org/14282/multilingual-archival-terminology/multilingual-archival-terminology.html

[236]A glossary of archival and records terminology / Richard Pearce-Moses, Society of American Archivists [SAA], 2005. - 433 p. - http://www.archivists.org/glossary/

[237]Glossary of records management terms / ARMA [Association of Records Managers and Administrators]. - 3rd ed. - Prairie Village, KS : ARMA International, 2007. - ISBN 978-1-931786-38-6. - [500 entries. 1st ed. 1989]. - http://archive.arma.org/standards/glossaryw2/index.cfm

[238]Hochedlinger, Michael: Aktenkunde : Urkunden- und Aktenlehre der Neuzeit. - Wien : Böhlau; München : Oldenbourg, 2009. - 292 p.

[239]Kloosterhuis, Jürgen: Amtliche Aktenkunde der Neuzeit : Ein hilfswissenschaftliches Kompendium. In: Archiv für Diplomatik (45) 1999, p. 465 sqq. - http://www.gsta.spk-berlin.de/amtliche_aktenkunde_552.html

[240]Meisner, Heinrich Otto: Archivalienkunde. - Leipzig : Köhler & Amelang = Göttingen : Vandenhoek und Ruprecht (Lizenzausgabe), 1969. - 365 p.

[241]Meisner, Heinrich Otto: Archivarische Berufssprache. In: Archivalische Zeitschrift 42/43 (1934), S. 260-280; 39 (1930), S. 260-273

[242]Polski slownik archiwalny / Grygier, Tadeusz; Maciejewska, Wanda. - Wydanie 2, reprint. - Warszawa 1993. - (First ed. 1974). - 131 p.

[243]Rules for archival description [RAD] / prepared under … the Bureau of Canadian Archivists. - Ottawa : The Bureau, [1st ed. 1990], 1992-1998, with amendments up to 2003. - Loose-leaf ed., ca. 300 p. - ISBN 0-9690797-3-7. - Available from Bureau of Canadian Archivists, Planning Committee on Descriptive Standards. - http://www.cdncouncilarchives.ca/archdesrules.html

[244]Swedish / Svensk Standard SS 628010 (1976, 1989, 1995) : Arkivteknik : Terminologi. - Stockholm : SIS.

[245]Terminologie der Schriftgutverwaltung [Terminology of paperwork management]. - Köln : Bundesverwaltungsamt BBB ; Eschborn [DE] : AWV, 1986. - 30 p.

[246]Terminologie des Vordruckwesens [Terminology of forms]. - Köln : Bundesverwaltungsamt BBB ; Eschborn [DE] : AWV, 1986. - 40 p.

[247]Tezaurus archiwistiky / Stanislaw Nawrocki. - Warszawa : Naczelna Dyr. Archiwów Pánstw., 1984. - 97 p.

[248]Vocabulaire des archives : archivistique et diplomatique contemporaines / Association francaise de normalisation [AFNOR]. - Courbevoie : AFNOR, 1986. - 118 p. - ISBN 978-2-12-4842117. - (Les dossiers de la normalisation ; 9)

FILM, MEDIA, AUDIOVISUAL, NEWSPAPERS

[249]Bognár, Desi K.: International dictionary of broadcasting and film. - 2nd ed. - Boston : Focal Press, 2000. - 316 p. - ISBN 0-240-80376-0

[250]Ellmore, R. Terry: NTC’s mass media dictionary. - Lincolnwood [UK] : National Textbook Company, 1991. - 668 p. - ISBN 0-8442-3186-X

[251]Dictionnaire cinéma, audiovisuel, multimédia, réseaux : français - anglais; anglais - français / Georges Pessis; Guitta Pessis Pasternak. - Paris : Eds Dixit, 1997. - 451 p. - ISBN 2-906587-67-2. - 2nd ed.: 2001.

[252]The FIAF Cataloguing Rules for Film Archives / comp. and edited by Harriet W. Harrison for the FIAF Cataloguing Commission. - München [et al.] : Saur, 1991. - 239 p. - Includes Annex: Glossary - http://fiafnet.org/pages/E-Resources/Cataloguing-Manual.html, the FIAF Moving Image Material Cataloging Manual / Natasha Fairbairn, … 2016. - http://www.fiafnet.org/images/tinyUpload/E-Resources/Commission-And-PIP-Resources/CDC-resources/20160920%20Fiaf%20Manual-WEB.pdf, Glossary of filmographic terms (13 languages). - 2014. - http://www.fiafnet.org/pages/E-Resources/Glossary.html. - Glossary of technical terms: http://www.fiafnet.org/pages/E-Resources/Technical-Terms-Full-List.html

[253]Glossary of Terms related to the Archiving of Audiovisual Materials / UNESCO, prep. by a WG from the Round Table on Audio-Visual Materials ; Gerald Gibson [LoC], comp. and editor ; Sven Allerstrand [Sveriges Radio], transl. coord. - Draft, unpubl. doc., prel.version pending publication. - Paris : UNESCO [Joie Springer], 29. 8. 2001. - 288 p. - http://portal.unesco.org/ci/en/ev.php-URL_ID=7746&URL_DO=DO_ TOPIC&URL_SECTIO URL_SECTION =201.html. - [www keyword search October 2006: "UNESCO glossary audiovisual"]. - http://www.unesco.org/webworld/audiovis/avarch/glossary.pdf

[254]Lexik ELP : Press, radio and television = Presse écrite et audiovisuelle = prensa ecrita y audiovisual = Presse in Schrift, Bild und Ton / Denise Escarpit; Gisela Pokern; Elena Loyola. - Lorrez-le-Bocage : Elp Éditions, 1975. - 349 p. - ISBN 2-7213-0050-4. - ISSN 0338-6104

[255]NFTU's film & [and] TV technical terms in English and five Nordic languages = Film- & TV … = = = = = / comp. by the Nordic Film/TV Association. - Stockholm : Proprius, 1983. - 254 p.

[256]PBCore 2.0 / Corporation for Public broadcasting. - Washington : DC, 2011. - http://pbcore.org;http://pbcore.org/schema; http://pbcore.org/about. - http://pbcore.org/vocabularies/InstantiationMediaType “PBCore is a metadata standard for audiovisual media. It provides a rich set of descriptors for the description of radio and TV programs, in both analog and digital … “

[257]PLUS [Picture licensing universal system] Glossary of picture licensing. - PLUS Coalition (Cooperative, multi-industry initiative of individuals and organizations (AAP, AIPA, ASPP, MCN, ..)) : Pasadena, CA, USA, 1999 - . - www.useplus.com/useplus/glossary.asp. - [Ca. 1.200 entries, covers also many document types]

[258]Teletalk : A dictionary of broadcasting terms / Peter Jarvis. - Borehamwood : BBC television training, 1991. - 430 p. - ISBN 0-948694-40-8

[259]Yee, Martha M.: Moving image materials : Genre terms. - Washington, DC : Library of Congress, Cataloging Distribution Service, 1988. - 108 p.

BOOKS (AND BOOK SCIENCES), MANUSCRIPTS, CODICOLOGY, PRINTING

[260]Beale, Peter: A dictionary of English manuscript terminology : 1450-2000. - Oxford : Oxford University Press, 2008. - 457 p.

[261]Das Buchwörterbuch : Nachschlagewerk für Büchermacher und Buchliebhaber / Birgit Althaus. - Erftstadt [DE]: Area-Verl., 2004. - 318 p.

[262]Glaister's glossary of the book : terms used in papermaking, printing, bookbinding and publishing with notes on illuminated manuscripts and private presses / Geoffrey Ashall Glaister. - 2nd ed., compl. rev. - London : Allen and Unwin, 1979. - 551 p.

[263]Vocabulaire codicologique : répertoire méthodique des termes francais relatifs aux manuscrits / par Denis Muzerelle, Comité international de la paléographie. - Paris : Ed. CEMI, 1985. - 265 p. - (Rubricae ; 3). - [fr only]. - http://vocabulaire.irht.cnrs.fr/vocab.htm. - 2002/3. http://www.palaeographia.org/vocabulaire/pages/vocab2.htm [fr, en, es, it, ro]. - Italian version: Maniaci: Terminologia …, Milano 1998; Spanish version: Ostos ; Pardo ; Rodriguez: Vocabulario ..., Madrid c1997 ; Romanian version : Adrian Papahagi, Bucaresti 2013; Arab version

[264]Béguin, André: Dictionnaire de l'estampe = A technical dictionary of print making. - 2 vol. - Paris : Béguin, 2000, 2007. - 340 p. ; 391 p.

[265]Diccionario de tipografía y del libro / José Martinez de Sousa. - 3rd ed. - Madrid : Ed. Paraninfo, 1992. - 547 p.

[266]Diccionario del dibujo y la estampa : Vocabulario y tesauro sobre las artes del dibujo, grabado, litografia y serigrafìa / Javier Blas Benito (coord.) .... - Madrid : Real academia de bellas artes de San Fernando, Calcografia nacional, 1996. - 212 p. - [Includes thesaurus i.a. for museum use, and a bibliography]

[267]Elsevier's dictionary of the printing and allied industries : In 6 languages en, fr, de, nl, es, it / Wijnekus, Franciscus J. M.. - 2nd., rev. and enl. ed. - Amsterdam [et al.] : Elsevier, 1983, XXXVI, 1.025 p.

[268]An English-Chinese glossary of printmaking terms / David Barker. - [Belfast] : University of Ulster, 1995. - 344 p.

[269]Fachwörterbuch für Papier- und Drucktechnik = Dictionary of paper and printing technology / Irmgard Normann ; Manhart Schlegel. - Frankfurt / Main : Deutscher Fachverlag, 2009. - 474 p.

[270]Graphic arts vocabulary = Vocabulaire des industries graphiques / Joint project … = Projet conjoint …, Line Paradis, Translation Bureau …. - Ottawa ; [Hull] : Minister of Supply and Services Canada = Ministre …, 1993. - 573 p. - (Terminology Bulletin = Bulletin de terminologie; 210)

[271]Hertzberger, Menno: Dictionnaire à l'usage de la librairie ancienne … = Dictionary for the antiquarian booktrade … - Paris : Ligue internationale de la librairie ancienne, 1956. - 190 p. - [8 languages]

[272]Müller, Wolfgang: Dictionary of the graphic arts industry : in 8 languages. - Amsterdam [etc.] : Elsevier, 1981. 1.020 p.

[273]Peacock, John: Multilingual dictionary of printing and publishing terms : English, French, Spanish, Italian, German, Dutch, Swedish. - London [u.a.] : Blueprint, 1993. - 243 p.

[274]Rambousek, Antonin ; Pesek, Antonin: Dictionary of printing terms = Polygrafický slovnik. - 2 vyd., oprav. - Praha : SNTL, 1976. - 654 p. - en, cz, de, ru, nl, it

[275]Slovar' poligraficeskich terminov : 4.005 terminov na anglijskom, nemeckom, russkom, gollandskom, ital'janskom jazykach. - Moskva : Kontinent Press, 1995. - 606 p.

[276]Genre terms : A thesaurus for use in rare book and special collections cataloguing / Association of College and Research Libraries (ACRL). - Chicago, 1991. - 78 p - http://rbms.info/vocabularies/genre/alphabetical_list.htm. - Binding terms : A thesaurus for use in rare book and special collections cataloguing / Association of College and Research Libraries (ACRL). - Chicago, 1988. - 37 p. - http://rbms.info/vocabularies/binding/alphabetical_list.htm. - Type evidence : A thesaurus for use in rare book and special collections cataloguing / Association of College and research Libraries (ACRL). - Chicago, 1990. - 19 p. - http://rbms.info/vocabularies/introductions/TypeIntro.htm. - Paper terms : A thesaurus for use in rare book and special collections cataloguing / Association of College and research Libraries (ACRL). - Chicago, 1991. - 41 p. - http://rbms.info/vocabularies/paper/alphabetical_list.htm. - Provenance evidence : A thesaurus for use in rare book and special collections cataloguing / Association of College and research Libraries (ACRL). - Chicago, 1991. - 19 p - http://rbms.info/vocabularies/provenance/alphabetical_list.htm

MUSEUMS (AND ARTISTIC DOCUMENTS)

[277]Categories for the Description of Works of Art (CDWA) / Art Information Task Force ; The Getty Research Institute (GRI) ; Visual Resources Association (VRA) ; Mellon Foundation/ArtSTOR; ed. by Murtha Baca ... - First published Visual Resources vol. 11, No. 3-4, 1996, p. 241-436. - http://getty.edu/research/publications/electronic_publications/cdwa/. - Short version: CDWALite. - http://www.getty.edu/research/publications/electronic_publications/cdwa/cdwalite.html

[278]Data dictionary : humanities; Data dictionary : natural sciences, of the Canadian Heritage Information Network (CHIN) / National Museums of Canada, Documentation Research Group, Steven H. Delroy … - Photomech. reproduction. - [Ottawa : National Museums of Canada ; CHIN], 1986-06, 1985-03. - 240 p., 196 p. - http://daryl.chin.gc.ca:8000/BASIS/chindd/user/conthe/sf ; http://www.pro.rcip-chin.gc.ca/bd-dl/ddrcip_sn-chindd_ns/guide_usager-user_guide-eng.jsp ; http://daryl.chin.gc.ca:8000/BASIS/chindd/user/wwwse/sf

[279]Dictionarium museologicum. - Budapest : Esperanto Association, 1986. - 774 p.

[280]A glossary for recording the condition of an artefact / National Inventory project, Deborah F. Jewett. - Ottawa : National Inventory Program ; [Canadian Heritage Information Network CHIN], 1991. - [no pag., ca. 100 p.]

[281]Lexique de muséologie = Glossary of museology / Jean Blanchet … Ottawa : Minister of Supply and Services Canada, 1989. - 263 p. - (Bulletin de terminologie ; 188)

[282]Marburger Informations-, Dokumentations- und Administrations-System (MIDAS) : Handbuch [und] DV-Anleitung / hrsg. vom Bildarchiv Foto Marburg Deutsches Dokumentationszentrum für Kunstgeschichte. - 3.Aufl.- München [u.a.]. : Saur, 1989. - 2 Bde., 560, 246 p. - (Literatur und Archiv; 4). - www.fotomr.de. - [A collection of several thousand possible data elements for art historic documentation. 2001 appeared the much shortened 4th ed. (282 p.), with a CD.]

[283]Museumwise : workplace words defined / comp. and ed. by Paisley S. Cato, … Washington : Society for the Preservation of Natural History Collections, c2003. - 381 p.

[284]NARCISSE Network of Art Research Computer Image Systems in Europe ; Système documentaire des peintures et enluminures = Sistema … = Inventarisierung von Malerei und Buchmalerei … & "CDROM NARCISSE Glossaire multilingue = Glossário … / Datenbank Schweizer Kulturgüter DSK ; DMF [Direction de musées de France] Paris ; Rathgen-Labor Staatliche Museen zu Berlin SMB ;

Commission des Communautés Européennes, DG XIII Luxembourg. - Lisboa : Arquivos nacionals, Torre de tombo [AN/TT LRMF], 1993. - [French, German, Portuguese (English, Spanish, Italian, Danish, Catalan added in vol. 2) normalised vocabulary for 39 data fields.] - 353 p., ISBN 972-8107-07-2 & 278 p., ISBN 972-8107-00-5. - [Digital version is being prepared, 2011-05]

data publishing

process whereby data (3.1.1.15) are subjected to an assessment process to determine whether they should be acquired by a repository (3.2.3.10); followed by a rigorous acquisition (3.6.2.2.01) and ingest process that results in products being publicly made available and supported for the long-term by that repository

[SOURCE: http://smw-rda.esc.rzg.mpg.de/index.php/Data_Publishing]

Note 1 to entry: See also publishing (3.3.4.01).

(3.1.11.27)

data quality

degree to which the characteristics (3.1.1.04) of data (3.1.1.15) satisfy stated and implied needs when used under specified conditions

[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 25012:2008, definition 4.3]

(3.1.12.24)

data registration

process following data (3.1.1.15)acquisition (3.6.2.2.01) by which data is identified as a unit for subsequent access (3.1.11.01) and processing

Note 1 to entry: The result of data registration is a form of processed data that may be called registered data (3.1.10.20).

[SOURCE: http://smw-rda.esc.rzg.mpg.de/index.php/Data_Registration]

Note 2 to entry: See also “registration” (3.2.1.27).

(3.1.11.26)

data repository

data bank

set (3.1.1.09) of files (1) <document(s)> (3.1.12.02) or databases (3.1.13.03) combined with a storage (1) <placement> (3.9.1.01)system (3.1.1.13), a processing system and a retrieval system (3.10.1.05)

(3.1.13.02)

data security

result of the data protection (3.13.5.01) measures taken to guarantee data integrity (3.1.11.15)

(3.13.5.03)

data store

organized and persistent collection (2) <gathering> (3.6.1.05) of data (3.1.1.15) and information (3.1.1.16) that allows for its retrieval (3.10.1.01)

[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 15939:2007, definition 2.6]

(3.1.11.17)

data subject

individual about whom personal data (3.1.10.14) are recorded (3.1.8.26)

Note 1 to entry: See also “personal data” (3.1.10.14) and ISO/TS 27790:2009, definition 3.31 (“identifiable person”).

(3.13.4.02)

data transformation

process which creates new data (3.1.1.15) from an original source

EXAMPLE:

The process of migrating into a different format, or by creating a subset, by selection or query, to create newly derived results, such as for publication (3.1.8.27).

[SOURCE: http://smw-rda.esc.rzg.mpg.de/index.php/Data_Transformation]

(3.1.11.07)

data type

class (3.8.5.03) of data (3.1.1.15), characterized by the members of the class and the operations that can be applied to them

(3.1.12.23)

data user

person or organization (3.1.1.55) authorized to exploit data (3.1.1.15)

(3.13.4.05)

data, pl

reinterpretable representation of information (3.1.1.16) in a formalized manner suitable for communication (3.1.8.04), interpretation, or processing

[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 2382:2015(en), 2121272]

Note 1 to entry: Data are often understood as taking the form of a set (3.1.1.09) of values of qualitative or quantitative variables.

(3.1.1.16)

database

collection of machine-readable information (3.1.1.16) organized so that it can be easily accessed (3.11.1.01), managed and updated

[SOURCE: ISO 8459:2009, definition 2.22]

(3.1.13.04)

date of acceptance

date on which a manuscript (2) <dissemination manuscript> (3.4.7.05) is accepted for publishing (3.3.4.01) by the responsible editor (3.2.4.07)

Note 1 to entry: This is particularly relevant for original articles in science publishing. Acceptance does not preclude further ameliorations of the manuscript to be asked from the author before ultimate publication

(3.3.4.10)

date of publication

date on which a work (3.2.1.07) is published (3.3.4.01)

Note 1 to entry: Particularly relevant in science publishing.

(3.3.4.11)

date of submission

date on which a manuscript (2) <dissemination manuscript> (3.4.7.05) proposed for publishing (3.3.4.01) reaches the editor’s (3.2.4.07) office

Note 1 to entry: This is particularly relevant for original articles in science publishing. In case of dispute or doubt, the date of submission may be taken to be the priority date of the scientific discovery that can be claimed.

(3.3.4.09)

DDC

Dewey Decimal Classification

decimal library classification (3.8.6.01) established by Melvil Dewey, first published in 1876, today in its 24th edition (2) <identical documents> (3.4.1.12) and in wide-spread library (3.2.3.02) use

Note 1 to entry: See also “UDC” (3.8.6.09).

(3.8.6.09)

de-accession register

discards register

record (1) <document> (3.1.13.16) of all documents (3.1.1.38) or other material objects (3.1.1.60) eliminated from a collection (2) <gathering> (3.6.1.05) or an accumulation (3.2.1.37) during a specific period of time

(3.5.1.28)

de-accessioning

process of formally removing a document (3.1.1.38) from a collection (2) <gathering> (3.6.1.05) or an accumulation (3.2.1.37)

(3.6.2.2.04)

deacidification

conservation (3.12.1.01) measure of raising the pH value (3.12.2.29) of a material object (3.1.1.60) by means of substances of an alkaline nature

(3.12.6.09)

dead file

acquisition (3.6.2.2.01)record (2) <set of data> (3.1.13.22) containing information (3.1.1.16) on documents (3.1.1.38) ordered or requested but never received

(3.5.1.33)

declassification

removal of restriction(s) on access (3.11.1.01) to classified data (3.1.10.17)

(3.13.5.09)

deep web

part of the internet (3.1.9.01) which cannot be crawled (3.4.5.5.19) and indexed (3.8.2.01) by search engines (3.1.12.17), notably consisting of resources which are dynamically generated or password (3.11.6.07) protected

[SOURCE: ISO/TR 14873:2013, definition 2.16]

(3.1.9.04)

definition

representation of a concept (3.1.1.02) by a descriptive statement which serves to differentiate it from related concepts (3.1.2.23)

[SOURCE: ISO 1087-1:2000, definition 3.3.1]

(3.1.5.60)

dehumidification

conservation (3.12.1.01) measure of removing water vapour from air to reduce relative humidity

[SOURCE: ISO/TR 16344:2012, definition 2.1.32, modified]

(3.12.6.19)

delamination (1)

<damage> separation of layers of a laminate by physical or chemical causes, unintentionally due to a failure (3.12.1.14) of the adhesive (3.3.5.2.35) or laminate

Note 1 to entry: This may include the inadvertent delamination (1) <damage> of a document (3.1.1.38) which has been subject to conservation (3.12.1.01) treatment by lamination (3.12.6.25).

delamination (2)

<conservation measure> conservation (3.12.1.01) measure of removing lamination (3.12.6.25) material by physical or chemical means

Note 1 to entry: See also delamination (1) <damage> (3.12.4.12).

(3.12.6.30)

delivery note

delivery slip

bill of delivery

trade document (3.4.6.11) accompanying the delivery of goods ordered stating their designation(s) (3.1.5.24), quantity, date and reference of ordering and possibly short further information (3.1.1.16)

(3.4.7.76)

demonym

name (3.1.5.28) for the residents of a locality

(3.1.5.41)

department archives

archives (1) <organization> (3.2.3.01) of a government department or administrative agency, institution or organization (3.1.1.55)

Note 1 to entry: The same basic definition applies to terms using other names of types of organizations, such as “hospital archives”.

(3.6.4.2.07)

departmental records office

part of an organization (3.1.1.55) managing current records (3.6.3.01) or semicurrent records (3.6.3.02) in their office of origin (3.2.3.33)

Note 1 to entry: Departmental records offices also fulfill partial functions of an information and documentation organization (3.2.3.37).

(3.2.3.35)

dependency

relationship (3.1.1.12) between two modelling elements (3.1.1.10), in which a change to one modelling element (the independent element) will affect the other modelling element (the dependent element)

[SOURCE: ISO 19103:2015 definition 4.15]

(3.1.13.31)

dependent claim

claim (3.4.5.8.01) relating to a previous claim and restricting and clarifying the scope of that previous claim

(3.4.5.8.10)

dependent title

title (3.7.4.01) that by itself is insufficient to identify a resource and that requires the addition of the common title (3.7.4.10), or the title of the main resource or the title of the main series (1) <group of resources> (3.4.1.27.02)

EXAMPLE:

Section titles, some titles of individual sheets (1) <piece> of a map (3.4.7.59)series (1), some supplement titles, some titles of monographic subseries (3.4.1.27.03), and the titles of some parts of a multipart monographic resource.

[SOURCE: ISBD Consolidated Edition 2011, Appendix E]

(3.7.4.15)

deposit

DEPRECATED: permanent loan

transfer (2) <activity> (3.6.2.2.06) of documents (3.1.1.38) to an information and documentation organization (3.2.3.37) without change of ownership or legal title

Note 1 to entry: The term also denotes the documents acquired by such a transfer.

Note 2 to entry: See also “revocably entrusted fonds” (3.6.3.21); “living legacy” (3.6.3.22).

(3.6.2.2.10)

deposit library

library (3.2.3.02) in which documents (3.1.1.38) are deposited (3.6.2.2.09) under certain conditions

(3.6.4.1.16)

deprecated term

term (3.1.5.25) rated as undesired according to the scale of a term acceptability rating

(3.8.3.14)

depth indexing

indexing (3.8.2.01) method where several or all parts of a document (3.1.1.38) are indexed, involving the use of a relatively high number of index terms (3.8.1.08)

(3.8.2.05)

derived document

derivation

distinctive work (3.2.1.07) made predominantly out of material from another work or works

[SOURCE: ISO 21047:2009, definition 3.6, modified]

EXAMPLE:

derived indexing

indexing (3.8.2.01) method where the index terms (3.8.1.08) are taken from the document (3.1.1.38)

(3.8.2.03)

description (2)

<part of patent> document (3.1.1.38) part giving a full and clear account of an invention (3.1.1.46) indicating for documentation (1) <activity> (3.2.1.22) purposes the object of the invention and the content of the patent specification (3.4.5.8.04)

Note 1 to entry: See also description (1) <activity> (3.2.1.28).

(3.4.5.8.03)

descriptive entry

bibliographic entry (3.7.2.17) with a detailed description (1) <activity> (3.2.1.28) of a document (3.1.1.38)

(3.7.2.19)

descriptive metadata

metadata (3.1.10.26.01) that describes a resource for purposes like discovery and identification (3.2.1.26), such as creator (3.7.1.06), title (3.7.4.01), and subject

Note 1 to entry: descriptive metadata is created by a process, usually from users of describing and naming data.

[SOURCE: http://smw-rda.esc.rzg.mpg.de/index.php/Descriptive_metadata, modified]

Note 2 to entry: See also “cataloguing” (3.2.1.29); and ISO/TR 14873:2013, definition 2.17.

(3.1.10.26.09)

descriptive title

long and wordy title (3.7.4.01) especially in early modern books (1) <intellectual work> (3.4.1.27.04) being text (3.2.1.05) that sums up to nearly a full abstract (3.5.4.01) or table of contents (3.5.8.02), describing the entire contents, intentions and benefits of the work (3.2.1.07)

(3.8 Content analysis and content description)

(3.8.1 General concepts)

(3.8.1.01)

desiderata, pl

documents (3.1.1.38) sought by a library (3.2.3.02) at the request (2) <user demand> (3.10.2.06) of a specific user

(3.4.3.04)

design document

record of a design

(3.4.7.73)

designation

representation of a concept (3.1.1.02) by a sign (3.1.4.01) which denotes it

Note 1 to entry: In terminology work, three types of designations are distinguished: symbols (3.1.4.17), terms (3.1.5.25) and names (3.1.5.28).

[SOURCE: ISO 1087-1:2000, definition 3.4.1]

Note 2 to entry: See also ISO 21127:2014, class “E 41”.

(3.1.5.25)

destruction

process of eliminating or deleting documents (3.1.1.38) or other material objects (3.1.1.60), beyond any possible reconstruction (3.3.2.26)

[SOURCE: ISO 15489-1:2016, definition 3.7, modified]

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO 21127:2014, class «E 6».

(3.1.2.29)

deterioration

gradual degradation and possible ultimate destruction (3.1.2.28) of materials arising from inherent damaging (3.12.1.11)properties (3.1.1.03) or interaction with environmental influences

(3.12.1.10)

diacritic

modifying mark near or through a character (3.1.4.02) indicating a phonetic value different from that given the unmarked character

[SOURCE: ISO 9241-302:2008, definition 3.4.5]

(3.1.4.09)

diary

document (3.1.1.38) containing a daily written (3.1.11.01) record of experiences or observations

Note 1 to entry: A “personal diary” contains mostly the personal experiences or observations of a private individual.

(3.4.7.37)

diazo printing

inkless photochemical process using substrates, coated with non-silver light sensitive compounds, and exposed by ultraviolet illumination through transparencies of image (3.2.1.04) areas, that are developed either by heat or by ammonia vapours

[SOURCE: ISO 12637-1:2006, definition 11]

(3.3.5.1.12)

dictionary

reference work (3.5.5.01) consisting of individual entries (3.2.1.32) in alphabetical or systematic order (3.1.1.14)

EXAMPLE:

Dictionary of film titles; dictionary of artist’s names; language dictionary (3.5.5.03).

Note 1 to entry: For “dictionary” in a data processing sense, see also ISO/IEC 10180:1995, definition 3.28; ISO/TS 13584-35:2010, definition 3.10; ISO 14289-1:2014, definition 3.3; ISO/IEC 15944-7:2009, definition 3.5; ISO 19005-1:2005; definition 3.3; ISO 22745-2:2010, definition 17.1.

(3.5.5.03)

dictionary catalogue

catalogue where subject entries (3.2.1.32), preferably taken from a list (3.4.7.25) of subject headings (3.7.3.04) or an authority file (3.7.2.29), are merged or interfiled with author (3.7.1.01) and title (3.7.4.01)entries (3.2.1.34) into one controlled alphabetical sequence

Note 1 to entry: Most often a catalogue (2) <holdings-related list> (3.5.1.01).

(3.5.2.09)

digit

numeral (3.1.4.05) that can alone or combined with others be used to write numbers (3.1.2.17), and that cannot itself be split into other numerals

Note 1 to entry: The digits of the decimal number system are 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9, and those in the hexadecimal number system are those in the decimal system along with A, B, C, D, E and F.

(3.1.4.07)

digital collection

collection (2) <gathering> (3.6.1.04) formed by a collection process on existing data (3.1.1.15) and data sets (3.1.1.09) where the collected data is in digital form

EXAMPLE:

A complex Digital Object such as a Digital Research Object may be an example of a digital collection.

[SOURCE: http://smw-rda.esc.rzg.mpg.de/index.php/Digital_Collection]

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO 18461, definition 2.5.13.

(3.6.1.07)

digital data

data (3.1.1.15) in the form of a structured sequence of bits/bytes that represents information (3.1.1.16) content

[SOURCE: http://smw-rda.esc.rzg.mpg.de/index.php/Digital_Data, modified]

(3.1.10.1 Types of metadata)

(3.1.10.26.01)

digital document

information (3.1.1.16) unit with a defined content that has been digitized or was originally produced in digital form

Note 1 to entry: This includes e-books, electronic patents, networked audiovisual documents and other documents when in digital form, e.g. reports, cartographic and music documents, preprints. Databases and electronic serials are excluded.

Note 2 to entry: A digital document can be structured into one or more files (3.1.12.02).

Note 3 to entry: A digital document consists of one or more content units.

[SOURCE: ISO 9707:2008, definition 2.8; ISO 2789:2013, definition 3.2.12]

(3.3.3.03)

digital fingerprint

marker in the form of a bit sequence generated from a digital document (3.3.3.02) using an algorithm that uniquely identifies the original document (3.4.7.11)

[SOURCE: ISO 14641-1:2012, definition 3.15, modified; ISO/IEC TR 21000-11:2004, definition 2.1.2]

(3.1.12.30)

digital library

electronic library

library (3.2.3.02) that provides services (3.1.1.59) associated with digital resources (3.3.3.03) or those aspects of library (3.2.3.02) services that have a large digital component

(3.6.4.1.02)

digital library document

information (3.1.1.16) unit with a defined content, born digital (3.3.3.05) or a digitized document (3.3.3.04), that has been created or digitized by the library (3.2.3.02) or acquired (3.6.2.2.01) in digital form as part of the library (3.2.3.02)collection (2) <gathering> (3.6.1.05)

Note 1 to entry: This includes e-books, electronic patents, networked audiovisual documents and other digital documents, e.g. reports, cartographic and music documents, preprintsc. Databases and, for library statistics purposes, electronic serials are excluded.

Note 2 to entry: A digital library document can be structured into one or more files (3.1.12.02).

[SOURCE: ISO 2789:2013, definition 2.3.13, modified]

(3.3.3.14)

Digital Object Identifier

DOI

standardized (3.4.7.78)string (3.1.1.11) for identifying a physical, digital, or abstract object (3.1.1.01) and providing persistent resolution to the object or information (3.1.1.16) about it

Note 1 to entry: DOI is specified in ISO 26324.

(3.2.5.18)

digital preservation

digital storage (2) <preservation> (3.12.1.05), maintenance of, and access (3.11.1.01) to a digital object (3.1.1.01) over a long time, usually as a consequence of applying one or more preservation (3.2.1.39) strategies

[SOURCE: ISO/TS 21547:2010, definition 3.1.7, modified]

(3.12.1.20)

digital resource

resource that can be transmitted over and/or accessed via an information (3.1.1.16) technology system (3.1.1.13)

Note 1 to entry: A digital resource may be referenced via an unambiguous and stable identifier (3.1.12.19) in a recognized identification system (e.g. ISBN, ISAN, UPC/EAN, URI).

[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 24751-2:2008, definition 3.13, modified]

(3.3.3.04)

Digital Rights Management

DRM

digital technology that is separate to the product form of a specific digital publication (3.1.8.27) and which is used to control access (3.11.1.01) to content

Note 1 to entry: Different settings may be applied within the DRM software (3.1.12.14) to enforce usage constraints or enable particular additional features.

Note 2 to entry: A single edition (2) <identical documents> (3.4.1.12) of a publication may be made available through different vendors who each apply a different DRM software (3.1.12.14) and/or differing usage constraints.

Note 3 to entry: “Social” DRM denotes a particular type of DRM in which credentials about the customer are recorded in the product using digital watermarking (3.1.12.28) technology but which does not intrude on the user’s experience.

[SOURCE: ISO 28560-1:2014, definition 3.4, modified]

Note 4 to entry: See also ISO 19153:2014, definition 4.12.

(3.13.2 Literary, artistic and industrial property)

(3.13.2.01)

digital watermark

marker in the form of a bit sequence covertly embedded in a signal (3.1.8.01) such as audio or image (3.2.1.04)data (3.1.1.15) and typically used to identify ownership of the copyright (3.13.3.1.02) of such signal

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO/IEC TR 21000-11:2004, definition 2.1.10; ISO/IEC 15444-8:2007, definitions 3.28 and 3.28.1.

(3.1.12.29)

digitization (1)

<conversion process> process of converting analogue materials into digital form

[SOURCE: ISO 2789:2013, definition 2.3.15]

Note 1 to entry: See also digitization (2) (3.1.1.48).

(3.1.1.48)

digitization (2)

<generating process> act of generating a digital representation of a continuous signal (3.1.8.01)

[SOURCE: ISO 20998-1:2006, definition 2.7]

Note 1 to entry: See also digitization (1) (3.1.1.47).

(3.1.1.49)

digitized document

document (3.1.1.38) whose contents and/or appearance has been, through digital scanning techniques, transferred/converted into digital form

(3.3.3.05)

digraph

compound character (3.1.4.02) that is represented graphically by a single character or ligature formed from the component single characters

EXAMPLE:

A digraph may be used to obtain the special characters necessary to show digraphs for ae and oe.

[SOURCE: ISO/TR 9544:1988, definition 3.109, modified]

(3.1.4.10)

dimensional stability

ability of a material or material object (3.1.1.60) to retain its dimensions and its shape despite the effects of processing, environment, aging (3.12.1.17) and use

(3.12.2.24)

diploma (1)

<charter> charter issued by a sovereign

Note 1 to entry: See also diploma (2) <formal document> (3.4.4.13).

(3.4.4.13)

diploma (2)

<formal document> formal legal document (3.4.6.02) conferring some honour, degree, privilege or licence (3.4.7.74)

Note 1 to entry: See also diploma (1) <charter> (3.4.4.12).

(3.4.4.14)

direct access

random access

capability to obtain data (3.1.1.15) from a storage (1) <placement> (3.9.1.01) device, or to enter data into a storage device, in a sequence independent from their relative position, by means of addresses indicating the physical position of the data

[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 2382:2015, definition 2125564]

(3.10.2.05)

direct printing

image (3.2.1.04) transfer from an image carrier (3.1.1.40) to a substrate

[SOURCE: ISO 12637-1:2006, definition 13]

(3.3.5.1.04)

direct storage

ordered (3.1.1.14)storage (1) <placement> (3.9.1.01) of documents (3.1.1.38) according to a storage plan (3.9.1.08)

(3.9.1.03)

director’s cut

re-edition (3.4.1.14) of a cinematographic film (3.4.5.1.09) containing sequences which the film director (3.2.4.18) approved but which were removed before first publication (3.1.8.27) of the film

(3.4.5.6.02)

directory

document (3.1.1.38), arranged in alphabetical, chronological or systematic order (3.1.1.14), which gives itemized information (3.1.1.16) for the identification (3.2.1.26) or location of persons, objects (3.1.1.01), organizations (3.1.1.60) or places

Note 1 to entry: See also “guide” (3.4.7.39); ISO/TS 21547:2010, definition 3.1.8.

(3.5.5.13)

disaster control plan

disaster recovery plan

document (3.1.1.38) giving an organized scheme of procedures for preventing, limiting the effects of, and facilitating recovery from natural or man-made disasters

(3.11.4 Types of use)

(3.11.4.01)

disc

disk, US

data medium (3.1.1.39) in flat circular form on which the information (3.1.1.16) is impressed or compressed on the surface and from which it can be recovered by special devices

(3.4.5.5.10)

disclaimer

text (3.2.1.05) notice stating that the undertaking of certain actions is at the own responsibility of those undertaking them or, in a document (3.1.1.38), that those legally responsible for it do not accept responsibility for certain views possibly expressed in it, or for a later use of it

(3.5.8.22)

disclosure

providing access (3.11.1.01) to data (3.1.1.15) to a third party (3.13.4.05)

(3.13.5.04)

discography

list (3.4.7.25) or retrieval system (3.10.1.05) allowing access (3.11.1.01) to data (3.1.1.15) which describe (3.2.1.28) and uniquely identify gramophone records (3.4.5.5.02)

Note 1 to entry: Special types of discographies do focus on a certain artist, genre, time period or production company.

(3.5.2.20)

discolouration

discoloration, US

change in the tint or quality (3.1.3.01) of a colour (3.12.2.30)

(3.12.4.22)

disinfection

conservation (3.12.1.01) measure of eliminating harmful micro-organisms (3.12.5.01)

(3.12.6.15)

disinfestation

conservation (3.12.1.01) measure of eliminating insects, small rodents and other pests

(3.12.6.14)

disjunct classification

classification system (3.8.5.02) where each unit of description can only be a member of one class (3.8.5.03)

(3.8.6.05)

diskette

floppy disc

portable magnetic disc (3.4.5.5.10) of flexible material and standardized size for storage (1) <placement> (3.9.1.01) of digital data (3.1.10.25) which are produced on a computer

(3.4.5.5.09)

display

rendering of data (3.1.1.15) in a form directly interpretable by a human

[SOURCE: ISO 10324:1997, definition 3.21]

(3.1.11.15)

disposition

disposal

range of processes associated with implementing records (1) <document(s)> (3.1.13.16) retention, destruction (3.1.2.28) or transfer (2) <activity> (3.6.2.2.06) decisions which are documented (1) <activity> (3.2.1.22) in disposition authorities or other instruments

[SOURCE: ISO 15489-1:2016, definition 3.8]

(3.6.5.06)

distinctive title of manifestation

title (3.7.4.01) as given on a manifestation (3.2.1.09), including any set (3.1.1.09) or series (2) <records series> (3.6.3.30) title and enumeration within a set that is necessary to make it distinctive

[SOURCE: ISO 21047:2009 D.2]

(3.7.4.17)

divisional application

patent application (3.4.5.7.11) resulting from dividing an application into several parts because it covers more than one invention (3.1.1.46)

(3.4.5.8 Parts of industrial property titles)

(3.4.5.8.01)

document

recorded information (3.1.8.26) or material object (3.1.1.60) which can be treated as a unit in a documentation (3.2.1.22) process

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO 25964-1:2011, definition 2.15; ISO 11005:2010, definition 3.1; ISO 15489-1:2016, definition 3.10; IEC 82045-1:2001, definition 3.2.3; ISO 9000:2015, definition 3.7.2.

Note 2 to entry: This definition refers not only to written and printed materials in paper or microform versions (for example, conventional books, journals, diagrams, maps), but also to non-printed media such as machine-readable and digitized records, Internet and intranet resources, films, sound recordings, people and organizations as knowledge resources, buildings, sites, monuments, three-dimensional objects or realia; and to collections of such items or parts of such items. (Note taken from ISO 25964-1:2011, definition 2.15.) Also, software (3.1.12.14), since recorded (3.1.8.26), can be considered a document.

Note 3 to entry: Documents often are the manifestations (3.2.1.09) of works (3.2.1.07).They can differ extensively in form and characteristics.

Note 4 to entry: In some professional usage, documents are sometimes referred to as “medium”, “title” (3.7.4.01, Note 1 to entry) or “item”.

(3.1.1.39)

document consultation frequency

numerical quantity indicating how often a document (3.1.1.38) was used in a specified period of time

(3.11.7.12)

document delivery service

document supply service

supply of a copy (1) <copy original> (3.4.7.12) or a copy (2) <reproduction> (3.4.7.14) of a document (3.1.1.38) which is retained by the information user (3.11.2.05), as opposed to the supply of a loan (3.11.4.03)copy (3) <exemplar> (3.3.2.02)

Note 1 to entry: Document delivery services also include the purchase of photocopies (3.4.5.1.02), usually of journal (2) (3.4.1.28.03)articles (3.5.8.06), from suppliers.

(3.5.6.06)

document delivery time

extent of time required to satisfy a single document (3.1.1.38)request (2) <user demand> (3.10.2.06) of an information user (3.11.2.05)

(3.11.7.06)

document description

description (1)

operations, or results thereof, including capturing, analysing, organizing and recording of data (3.1.1.15) on documents (3.1.1.38) in order to ensure their identification (3.2.1.26) and control

Note 1 to entry: Document description also refers to the products of the process.

Note 2 to entry: See also description (2) <part of patent> (3.4.7.8.02); content description (3.8.1.02); cataloguing (3.2.1.29).

(3.2.1.29)

document estate

literary estate (1)

literary remains

personal estate (3.6.3.08) or part of it that consists of the work documents (3.1.1.38) created by the deceased person but not published (3.1.8.27) during lifetime, as well as of any documents [exclusive of formal legal personal documents (3.4.6.02) (3.6.3.24)] received by the deceased person

Note 1 to entry: See also literary estate (2) <verbal works> (3.6.3.18).

(3.6.3.10)

document exposure

period of time one single document (3.1.1.38) is consulted by an information user (3.11.2.05)

(3.11.7.07)

document retrieval

process of recovering specific documents (3.1.1.38) from a storage (1) <placement> (3.9.1.01) place

(3.10.1.04)

document type

class (3.5.8.03) of documents (3.1.1.38)characterized (3.1.1.04) by a specific materiality, purpose or type of content

[SOURCE: ISO/IEC TR 29166:2011, definition 3.3, modified]

Note 1 to entry: See also “general material designation” (3.7.2.03), “specific material designation” (3.7.2.04); “special collection” (3.6.1.10); ISO 10209:2012, definition 11.58; ISO 29845:2011, definition 3.1.3; ISAD (G) 1999 (“form”).

(3.4.1.02)

documentary film

motion picture (3.4.5.1.08) documenting some aspect of reality

(3.4.7.66)

documentary photo

photograph (3.4.5.1.01) showing an individual material object (3.1.1.60), a person or an event or a group of such, preferably static and in best detail possible, for the purpose of documenting the state of these at a given moment, allowing identification (3.2.1.26) of as much detail as possible, and intended for later study and reference

EXAMPLE:

A photograph of a museum object.

(3.4.7.70)

documentation (1)

<activity> continuous and systematic compilation and processing of recorded information (3.1.8.26) for the purpose of storage (1) <placement> (3.9.1.01), classifying (3.8.5.01), retrieval (3.10.1.01), utilization (3.11.2.01), or transmission

Note 1 to entry: See also documentation (2) <collection> (3.6.1.21).

(3.2.1.23)

documentation (2)

<collection> collection (2) <gathering> (3.6.1.05), on one specific subject or theme, of separate pieces of information (2.1.1.21) or of separate documents (3.1.1.38) put together, for demonstrating or proving, to serve a specific goal or occasion and related to a given subject

[SOURCE: ISO 29845:2011, definition 3.1, modified]

Note 1 to entry: See also “documentation (1) <activity>” (3.2.1.22); “file (2)” <unit of documents> (3.4.4.01); record(s) (1) <documents> (3.1.13.16).

(3.6.2 Collection planning, development and acquisition)

(3.6.2.1 Collection planning and development)

(3.6.2.1.01)

documentation centre

information and documentation organization (3.2.3.37) carrying out documentation (1) <activity> (3.2.1.22) functions

(3.2.3.09)

documentology

study of the nature, production, history, dissemination (3.2.1.34) and use of documents (3.1.1.38) of all kinds

(3.2.2.15)

dog-eared

deformation in the form of having the corner of a leaf (3.5.9.1.01) turned down as a result of a manufacturing fault, deliberate action, or wear and tear (3.12.4.01)

(3.12.4.18)

domain

distinct area of human knowledge (3.1.1.17)

(3.1.2.09)

domain name

identification (3.2.1.26)string (3.1.1.11) that defines a realm of administrative autonomy, authority, or control on the internet (3.1.9.01), defined by the rules and procedures of the domain (3.1.2.09)name (3.1.5.28)system (3.1.1.13) (DNS)

[SOURCE: ISO/TR 14873:2013, definition 2.18]

Note 1 to entry: See also “internet domain” (3.1.9.08).

(3.1.5.47)

donation

gift

acquisition (3.6.2.2.01) without monetary consideration but with change of ownership and legal title

(3.6.2.2.12)

dossier

case papers

case file

file (2) <unit of documents> (3.4.4.01) or file (1) <set of records> (3.1.12.02) relating to a specific action, event, person, place, project, or similar subject

(3.6.3.36)

downgrading

regrading (3.13.5.06) by reducing the level of protection of classified data (3.1.10.17)

(3.13.5.08)

draft

preliminary version (3.4.1.04) of a document (3.1.1.38)

(3.4.7.02)

drawing

picture (3.4.7.51) made with a solid mineral substance or a pointed tool, or created on a computer

Note 1 to entry: See also mock-up (3.3.2.21).

(3.4.7.54)

dromonym

hodonym

name (3.1.5.28) of a pathway / travelway

(3.1.5.38)

dry cleaning

cleaning (3.12.6.01) using an erasing substance

(3.12.6.04)

dry mounting

mounting (3.12.6.22) in which attachment is effected by a non-liquid adhesive (3.3.5.2.35) activated by heat and pressure

(3.12.6.31)

dry point

print (3.4.7.68) from a plate of metal, the printing (1) <technical process> (3.3.5.1.01) areas of which have been scratched with a steel point

(3.4.5.3.16)

drymonym

toponym (3.1.5.31) designating areas of a landscape which have been shaped by cultivation

EXAMPLE:

Fields; meadows; parks.

(3.1.5.35)

dubbing

provision of the oral language (3.1.5.02)text (3.2.1.05) of a film, superimposed over the original spoken text, in the language of the intended audience of a film whose original spoken-language version (3.4.1.04) is different

Note 1 to entry: See also subtitling (3.3.4.18); translation (1) <activity> (3.1.6.15).

(3.3.4.05)

Dublin Core metadata

DC

set (3.1.1.09) of 15 basic metadata (3.1.10.26.01)elements (3.1.1.10) and associated attributes for resource description (3.2.1.28) in cross-disciplinary environments

Note 1 to entry: DC is specified in the International Standard ISO 15836.

(3.1.10.26.06)

duchsustus

parchment (3.3.5.2.30) used for some religious writings in Judaism

(3.3.2.36)

dummy

placeholder

material object (3.1.1.60) usually with text (3.2.1.05) or symbols (3.1.4.17) on it and which is inserted at, or near, the place where another material object or a document (3.1.1.38) is normally stored when these have been removed

(3.3.2.43)

duplicate

copy (3.1.11.07) from a source data medium (3.1.1.39) to a destination data medium that has the same physical form

EXAMPLE:

To copy a file from a magnetic tape to another magnetic tape.

[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 2382:2015, definition 2122158]

(3.1.11.09)

duplicate

copy (3) <exemplar> (3.3.2.02) of a document (3.1.1.38) already in a collection (2) <gathering> (3.6.1.05)

(3.4.3.05)

duplicate publishing

redundant publishing

re-use of one's own previous relevant publication (3.1.8.27) or part of it as a new one without revealing its original identity

Note 1 to entry: This can constitute fraud when it infringes on the novelty of a work assumed by the people reviewing (3.3.4.05) it

(3.3.4.14)

durability

ability of a material to resist repeated wear and tear (3.12.4.01) over long periods of time

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO 11798:1999, definition 3.3; ISO 6707-1:2014, definition 9.3.82; ISO 11108:1996, definition 3.3; EN 15898:2011, definition 3.3.4. “durability “ and “permanence” (3.12.2.01) should not be confused.

(3.12.2.03)

durable paper

paper (1) <material> (3.3.5.2.01) which meets the requirements for durability (3.12.2.02) under specified conditions of tests

(3.3.5.2.08)

dust retention

property (3.1.1.03) of a surface to attract and retain dust

(3.12.4.05)

DVD

Digital Video Disc

optical storage (1) <placement> (3.9.1.01)medium (3.2.1.25) of the same size as a compact disc (3.4.5.5.13), but with significantly greater recording capacity

[SOURCE: ISO 2789:2013, definition 2.3.18]

Note 1 to entry: DVD is also understood as “Digital Versatile Disc” (see ISO 18913:2012, definition 3.54).

(3.4.5.5.15)

dye

natural or synthetic substance which gives the requisite colour (3.12.2.30) to a data medium (3.1.1.39) or carrier (3.1.1.40) by impregnation (3.12.6.12)

(3.3.5.2.23)

dynamic data

data (3.1.1.15) the content of which is changing frequently and at asynchronous moments

Note 1 to entry: Dynamic data can have various flavours. It can be data streams that are generated by sensors when it is unpredictable when data segments will appear in time, i.e. data streams have gaps. It also can be data streams that are generated by humans in crowd sourcing scenarios where it is not clear when which cell in a database will be filled.

[SOURCE: Peter Wittenburg Draft Document on Core Vocabulary. http://smwrda.esc.rzg.mpg.de/index.php/Dynamic_Data]

(3.1.10.08)

ecomuseum

museum (3.2.3.06) which is managed by local communities and aims to showcase and protect important elements (3.1.1.10) of an area’s cultural and natural heritage

[SOURCE: ISO 18461:2016, definition 2.2.6]

(3.6.4.3.15)

economic rights, pl

author’s rights (3.13.3.1.01) which confer to the author (3.7.1.01) a monopoly of the exploitation of an intellectual work (3.1.1.45) for monetary profit

(3.13.3.3.02)

edited volume

contributed volume

collection (1) <monographic document> (3.4.1.27.10) of original works (3.2.1.13) in the form of scholarly or scientific chapters (3.5.8.05) written by different authors (3.7.1.01)

Note 1 to entry: The chapters in an edited volume are original works (not republished works).

(3.4.1.27.13)

editing

process of reviewing a document (3.1.1.38) such as a manuscript (2) <dissemination manuscript> (3.4.7.05) or data (3.1.1.15)set (3.1.1.09) and making necessary modifications such as correcting, condensing or adapting the content

Note 1 to entry: See also “editor” (3.2.4.07); “data editing” (ISO 20252:2012, definition 2.17).

(3.3.4.03)

edition (1)

<exemplars> all copies (3) <exemplar> (3.3.2.02) of the same product line of a type of material object (3.1.1.60)

EXAMPLE:

edition (2)

<identical documents> all manifestations (3.2.1.09) of a publication (3.1.8.27) embodying essentially the same content

Note 1 to entry: A single edition (2) <identical documents> of a publication may be published in multiple product forms. It may be the edition (2) <identical documents> of a monographic resource (3.4.1.27.01) or of one of the issues (3.4.1.28.17) of a serial publication (3.4.1.28.01).

editor

organization (3.1.1.55) or person responsible for the preparation for publication (3.1.8.27) of a document (3.1.1.38) from the point of view of its intellectual content

[SOURCE: ISO 1086:1991, definition 3.8]

(3.2.4.08)

editorial

shorter written text (3.2.1.05) usually placed in the beginning of an issue (3.4.1.28.17) of a journal (2) <specialized journal> (3.4.1.28.03) expressing views of those responsible for the publication (3.1.8.27) and relating to a current topic (3.2.1.17), to the contents of the issue or to policies followed by the journal (2) <specialized journal>

Note 1 to entry: See also “leading article” (3.5.8.47).

(3.5.8.40)

editorial department

organization (3.1.1.55) or part of an organization in which people create or arrange the editorial content of a newspaper (3.4.1.28.04) or a reference work (3.5.5.01)

Note 1 to entry: Editorial departments also fulfill partial functions of an information and documentation organization (3.2.3.37).

(3.2.3.36)

editorial system

IT tool or configuration of IT tools that supports the work of editors (3.2.4.07) and of editing (3.3.4.02)

(3.1.12.13)

effectiveness

measure of the degree to which given objectives are achieved

Note 1 to entry: An activity is effective if it maximizes the results it was established to produce.

[SOURCE: ISO 11620:2014, definition 3.15]

Note 2 to entry: See also ISO/IEC 27000:2016, definition 2.24.

(3.1.3.04)

efficiency

measure of the utilization of resources to realize a given objective

Note 1 to entry: An activity is efficient if it minimizes the use of resources, or produces better performance with the same resources.

[SOURCE: ISO 11620:2014, definition 3.16]

(3.1.3.05)

elasticity

ability of a material to return to its former shape without damage (3.12.1.11) after stretching

(3.12.2.15)

electronic book

e-book

non-serial (3.4.1.28.01)digital document (3.3.3.02), licensed (3.4.7.74) or not, where searchable text (3.2.1.05) is prevalent, and which can be seen in analogy to a print (3.4.7.06)book (2) <stack of leaves> (3.3.5.2.37) [monograph (3.4.1.27.01)]

Note 1 to entry: The use of e-books is, in many cases, dependent on a dedicated device and/or a special reader or viewing software (3.1.12.14).

[SOURCE: ISO 2789:2013, definition 2.3.19]

Note 2 to entry: See also “electronic journal” (3.3.3.35) and “talking book” (3.3.3.34).

(3.3.3.11)

electronic delivery

electronic delivery service

delivery of an electronic representation of a document (3.1.1.38) via a digital network

[SOURCE: ISO 10161-1:2014, definition 3.6.47, modified]

Note 1 to entry: See also “virtual exhibition” (3.11.1.17).

(3.5.7 Parts of documents used in the bibliographic description)

(3.5.7.01)

electronic journal

e-journal

serial (3.4.1.28.01)digital document (3.3.3.02), licensed (3.4.7.74) or not, where searchable text (3.2.1.05) is prevalent, and which can be seen in analogy to a print (3.4.7.06)serial publication (3.4.1.28.01)

Note 1 to entry: The use of e-journals is, in many cases, dependent on a dedicated device and/or a special reader or viewing software (3.1.12.14).

Note 2 to entry: See also “electronic book” (3.3.3.10).

(3.3.4 Processes in the intellectual production of documents)

(3.3.4.01)

electronic mail (1)

e-mail (1)

<document> document(s) (3.1.1.38) forming correspondence in the form of messages (3.1.8.02) transmitted over a computer network

[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 2382:2015, definition 2121398, modified]

Note 1 to entry: See also electronic mail (2) <service> (3.1.9.15); letter (2) <document> (3.4.7.42).

(3.1.9.15)

electronic mail (2)

e-mail (2)

<service> electronic service (3.1.1.59) to compose, store (3.9.1.01), retrieve (3.10.1.01), and transmit messages (3.1.8.02) among subscribers

Note 1 to entry: See also electronic mail (1) <document> (3.1.9.14).

(3.1.9.16)

electronic publication

bundled collection of information resources (3.1.1.44) that can be reliably and predictably ingested by an EPUB Reading System in order to render its contents to a user

[SOURCE: EPUB 3, 1.2 Roadmap. http://www.idpf.org/epub/30/spec/epub30-overview-20111011.html, modified]

(3.1.8.29)

electronic record

machine-readable record

record (2) <set of data> (3.1.13.22) stored in a machine-readable medium (3.2.1.25)

(3.3.3.12)

electronic resource

resource which can be stored in the form of electrical signals (3.1.8.01), usually on a computer

(3.3.3.07)

element

object (3.1.1.01) constituting part of a set (3.1.1.09)

Note 1 to entry: elements may be concepts (3.1.1.02).

(3.1.1.11)

elemental class

simple class (3.8.5.08) which represents one type of object (3.1.1.01) defined by only one characteristic (3.1.1.04)

EXAMPLE:

Respiration; animals of the sea shore.

(3.8.5.10)

embrittlement

change in the property (3.1.1.03) of a material from flexibility (3.12.2.17) to brittleness (3.12.2.20)

(3.12.4.07)

emission

making available to an audience documents (3.1.1.38) or messages (3.1.8.02) through telecommunication (3.1.8.30) via radio frequencies and over the internet (3.1.9.01)

(3.1.8.33)

empirical knowledge

knowledge (3.1.1.17) gained through observation, including experiments and test series, of material phenomena, their interrelations, and their behaviour

(3.1.1.28)

emulation

recreation of the functionality and behaviour of an obsolete digital system (3.1.1.13), using software (3.1.12.14) (called emulator) on current computer systems

Note 1 to entry: Emulation is a key digital preservation (3.12.1.19) strategy.

[SOURCE: ISO/TR 14873:2013, definition 2.20, modified]

Note 2 to entry: See also ISO/IEC 2382:2015, definition 2121383; ISO 13008:2012, definition 3.8; ISO/TR 14873:2013, definition 2.20.

(3.12.2 Properties of materials relevant to preservation)

(3.12.2.01)

encapsulation

conservation (3.12.1.01) measure of sealing a material object (3.1.1.05) between layers of inert transparent material without adhesion of the material object itself to the layers

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO 18913:2012, definition 3.62.

(3.12.6.25)

encapsulation mounting

mounting (3.12.6.22) in two parts, involving a data medium (3.1.1.39) and a second, upper layer of material with an opening through which the document (3.1.1.38) or part of it may be seen

(3.12.6.32)

encoding

process of how the elements (3.1.1.10) of a syntax are represented using an identified character (3.1.4.02)set (3.1.1.09)

[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 15474-1:2002, definition 4.2, modified]

(3.1.11.06)

encyclopedia

reference work (3.5.5.01) synthesizing knowledge (3.1.1.17) on all subjects or a group of subjects, arranged alphabetically or systematically, and usually consisting of extended articles (3.5.8.06)

(3.5.5.11)

end titles

trailer (3)

<cast list> list (3.4.7.25) of a film cast, particularly the names (3.1.5.28) of all persons acting in a film, of credits for all persons or organizations (3.1.1.55) contributing in any way to its intellectual and technical realisation, and of music (3.2.1.06) played or sceneries filmed, all of this shown at the end of a cinematographic film (3.4.5.1.09) or TV film (3.3.3.27)

Note 1 to entry: See also trailer (1) <self-contained filmstrip> (3.4.5.6.05), trailer (2) <opening sequence of a film> (3.5.8.42).

(3.5.8.44)

end user

information user (3.11.2.05) utilizing the end results of specific searches conducted by information services (3.2.1.33) to satisfy his or her own information needs (3.1.1.41)

Note 1 to entry: The end user does not necessarily use the information system hands-on.

[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 25000:2014, definition 4.7, modified]

Note 2 to entry: See also ISO/IEC 21000-1:2004, definition 2.3).

(3.11.2.07)

endnote

note (1) <separate explanatory text> (3.5.8.33) at the end of the text (3.2.1.05) to which it belongs

(3.5.8.36)

endonym

toponym (3.1.5.31), name (3.1.5.28) of an ethnic group or of a natural language (3.1.5.02) as given and used by the ethnic group or by the natural language itself to whom it pertains

(3.1.5.30)

endorsement

note (3.7.1.11), title (3.7.4.01), signature (1) <autograph> (3.5.8.53), etc. written on the reverse side of a document (3.1.1.38)

Note 1 to entry: See also vidimus (3.4.4.18).

(3.5.8.56)

endpaper

end paper

folded leaf (3.5.9.1.01) of paper (1) <material> (3.3.5.2.01) attached to the book block (3.5.9.2.02), the outer page (3.5.9.1.02) of which is affixed by adhesive (3.3.5.2.35) to the inner side of the board (2) <cover> (3.5.9.2.16) when the volume (3.3.5.2.37) is cased-in (3.5.9.4.09)

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO 14416:2003, definition 3.12; ISO 11800:1998, definition 3.10; and ISO 16763:2016, definition 3.4.6.

(3.5.9.2.11)

engraving (1)

<intaglio print> print (3.4.7.68) made from any kind of intaglio plate, whether engraved with hand-tools or a machine, or etched with acid, so that the printing (1) <technical process> (3.3.5.1.01) areas are lower than the non-printing areas

Note 1 to entry: See also engraving (2) <steel print> (3.4.5.3.13).

(3.4.5.3.12)

engraving (2)

<steel print> print (3.4.7.68) from a plate of steel, the printing (1) <technical process> (3.3.5.1.01) areas of which have been cut with tools so that they are lower than the non-printing areas

Note 1 to entry: Engraving (2) <steel print> includes line engraving and steel engraving.

engrossed copy

fair copy

final version (3.4.1.04) of a written (3.1.11.01)communication (3.1.8.04)document (3.1.1.38), drawn up in due form, to be passed on to the recipient(s)

Note 1 to entry: Usually outgoing letters (2)> documents> (3.4.7.42), decrees of a sovereign, legal documents (3.4.6.02).

(3.4.4.04)

enriched document estate

genuine document estate (3.6.3.13) as enlarged with further documents (3.1.1.38) belonging to the deceased person which have been or are in the custody (3.1.1.58) of other organizations (3.1.1.55) or natural persons

(3.6.3.16)

entity

something capable of being uniquely identified

Note 1 to entry: Entities include material objects, electronic representations of content, abstract items (such as times, places), parties (human and corporate), as well as anything else that can be identified uniquely.

Note 2 to entry: A defined fragment of an entity is itself an entity.

[SOURCE: ISO 17316:2015, definition 2.1]

Note 3 to entry: See also object (3.1.1.01); ISO/TR 9007:1987 (page 21); ISO 10303-11:2004, definition 3.3.6.

(3.1.13.28)

entry

record of a document (3.1.1.38)

Note 1 to entry: Entry is frequently used in combination with such terms as “catalogue”, “bibliographic” and various types of finding aids (3.10.1.06).

(3.2.1.33)

entry vocabulary

set (3.1.1.09) of non-preferred terms (3.8.3.06) (USE references) which lead to the preferred terms (3.8.3.05) in a controlled vocabulary (3.8.1.05)

Note 1 to entry: This term is used by some controlled vocabulary designers to represent the preferred as well as the non-preferred terms in a controlled vocabulary.

[SOURCE: ANSI/NISO Z39.19-2015 (R2010), 4.1]

(3.8.4.06)

enumerative classification system

classification system (3.8.5.02) characterized by pre-coordination (3.8.3.33) resulting in pre-established formal relations (3.1.7.10) between concepts (3.1.1.02)

(3.8.6.06)

ephemera, pl

documents (3.1.1.43) produced for a specific event, or series of events, ceasing to serve their original purpose after a period of time or in another context (3.1.2.05)

EXAMPLE:

Train schedules; advertising journals; menus.

(3.4.7.22)

epigraph

characters (3.1.4.02) or other symbols (3.1.4.17) as an inscription forming an original part of a solid material object (3.1.1.60) such as walls, buildings or statues

(3.4.4.12)

episode

instalment (2)

smallest self-contained filmic unit within a season (3.4.5.6.04), broadcast (3.3.3.14) in itself but each individual one in consecutive sequence with the others

(3.4.5.7 Types of patents and patent acquisition documents)

(3.4.5.7.01)

equivalence mapping

mapping (3.1.11.09) that states that the concept (3.1.1.02) in the target vocabulary (3.8.4.06) is considered identical in scope to the concept (3.1.1.02) in the source vocabulary (3.8.4.03)

Note 1 to entry: See also equivalence relationship (3.1.7.07).

[SOURCE: ISO 25964-1:2011, definition 2.17]

(3.8.4.11)

equivalence relationship

relationship (3.1.1.12) between two terms (3.1.5.25) in a thesaurus (3.8.3.01) that both represent the same concept (3.1.1.02)

[SOURCE: ISO 25964-1:2011, definition 2.18]

(3.1.7.08)

erasability

capability of a carrier (3.1.1.40) to allow deletion of recorded information (3.1.8.26) from it, enabling the former to be reused

Note 1 to entry: See also “parchment” (3.3.5.2.30).

(3.12.2.22)

erase

remove data (3.1.1.15) from a data medium (3.1.1.39)

Note 1 to entry: Erasing is usually accomplished by overwriting the data or deleting the references.

[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 2382:2015, definition 2125480]

(3.1.11.14)

errata, pl

corrigenda, pl

document (3.1.1.38) containing supplementary matter to a document (3.1.1.38) produced subsequently but intended to accompany it, listing errors in the text (3.2.1.05) and their corrections and clearly stating its intended function

Note 1 to entry: Occasionally the term may be found in the singular.

(3.5.8.21)

essential characteristic

characteristic (3.1.1.04) which is indispensable to understanding and forming a concept (3.1.1.02)

(3.1.1.06)

estate

nachlass

everything that a natural person, as a legal possession, leaves behind her or him after death

Note 1 to entry: See also “living legacy” (3.6.3.22).

(3.6.3.08)

estray

document (3.1.1.38) not in the possession of the authorized custody (3.1.1.58), especially government records (1) <document(s)> (3.1.13.16) in private hands

(3.4.4 Records, legal and archival documents)

(3.4.4.01)

etching

print (3.4.7.68) from a plate of metal initially coated with an acid-resistant ground in which subsequently the design has been drawn, exposing the plate to varying degrees of etching with acid so that the printing (1) <technical process> (3.3.5.1.01) areas are lower than the non-printing areas

(3.4.5.3.17)

ethnography and anthropology museum

museum (3.2.3.06) concerned with subjects relating to human culture and social structure

EXAMPLE:

Subjects like beliefs, customs, traditional arts, etc.

Note 1 to entry: Adapted from the UNESCO classification.

[SOURCE: ISO 18461:2016, definition 2.2.7, modified]

(3.6.4.3.19)

evaluation

process of estimating the effectiveness (3.1.3.03), efficiency (3.1.3.04), utility and relevance of a service (3.1.1.59) or facility

[SOURCE: ISO 11620:2014, definition 3.19]

(3.1.3.03)

everyday communication

human communication (3.1.8.07) that covers matters of daily general interest, requirements of physical needs and of everyday life of humans, personal life planning in the nearer distance, as well as orientation in each’s respective everyday life, and the contact with friends and relatives or chance encounters with other people in everyday social situations

(3.1.8.21)

evidence

documentation (2) <collection> (3.6.1.05) of a transaction, such as a proof of a transaction that is part of the normal course of business, and which is inviolate and complete

Note 1 to entry: Not limited to the legal sense of the term.

(3.1.1.51)

evidential value

secondary value (3.3.1.05) of documents (3.1.1.38), records (1) <document(s)> (3.1.13.16) and archives (2) <records> (3.6.1.03) for providing evidence (3.1.1.50) of the creator's origins, functions and activities

(3.3.1.07)

ex situ

of an object (3.1.1.01) taken away from its original context (3.1.2.05)

(3.1.1.09)

EXAMPLE:

Adhesion of leaves (3.5.9.1.01) one to another.

(3.12.4.04)

exchange

acquisition (3.6.2.2.01) by barter or payments in kind, with change of legal title

(3.6.2.2.11)

exchange format

machine-readable data format (3.1.13.12) for representing information (3.1.1.16) that is intended to facilitate exchange of the information between different applications

[SOURCE: ISO 25964-1:2011, definition 2.19 modified]

(3.1.13.20)

exclusive rights, pl

author’s rights (3.13.3.1.01) to exclude others from the benefits stemming from an intellectual work (3.1.1.45)

(3.13.3.2 Moral rights of authors)

(3.13.3.2.01)

exemplar

copy (3)

single document (3.1.1.38) or other material object (3.1.1.60) which exists in more quantity and has been produced from one and the same process

Note 1 to entry: See also copy (1) <copy original> (3.4.7.12); copy (2) <reproduction> (3.4.7.14); item (1) <exemplar> (3.2.1.10).

(3.3.2.03)

exhibition

curated display (3.1.11.14) of objects (3.1.1.01) on a clear concept and communicating (3.1.8.04) a message (3.1.8.02)

[SOURCE: ISO 18461:2016, definition 2.4.6 modified]

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO 25639-1:2008, definition 3.1; ISO 2789:2013, definition 2.2.10.

(3.11.1.10)

exhibition catalogue

catalogue (3)

publication (3.1.8.27) containing a listing (3.4.7.25) of museum (3.2.3.06)objects (3.1.1.01) with some description (3.2.1.28), usually accompanied by images (3.2.1.04) or at least some of these objects, and/or articles (3.5.8.06)discussing these objects or, possibly, any general cultural issues

Note 1 to entry: See also catalogue (1) <sales catalogue> (3.4.7.44); catalogue (2) <holdings-related list> (3.5.1.01).

(3.4.7.77)

exonym

toponym (3.1.5.31), name (3.1.5.28) of an ethnic group or of a natural language (3.1.5.02) as given and used by an ethnic group or by a natural language other than the one itself to whom it pertains

(3.1.5.31)

expert user

information user (3.11.2.05) having considerable experience with the information services (3.2.1.33) offered

Note 1 to entry: Information services may have special modes for expert users that are different from standard user modes.

(3.11.2.09)

explicit knowledge

knowledge (3.1.1.17) laid down, and accessible, in recorded (3.1.8.26) form

Note 1 to entry: See also “document” (3.1.1.38).

(3.1.1.31)

expression

intellectual or artistic realisation of one and only one work (3.2.1.07)

[SOURCE: FRBR, page 13]

EXAMPLE:

expressiveness

quality (3.1.3.01) of a notation (2) <notation system> (3.8.5.19) allowing the user to obtain additional information (3.1.1.16) from the class (3.8.5.03)symbols (3.1.4.17) in the form of synthesis, relations (3.1.1.12) or mnemonics

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO/TR 9007:1987, page 64.

(3.8.5.23)

expurgated edition

edition (2) <identical documents> (3.4.1.12) in which certain parts of a work (3.2.1.07) have been omitted or removed because they are considered unacceptable by a party other than the author (3.7.1.01)

[SOURCE: ISO 21047:2009, D 4]

(3.4.1.17)

extensibility

ability of a material to be stretched without damage (3.12.1.11)

(3.12.2.16)

Extensible Markup Language

XML

markup language (3.1.9.16) that encodes information (3.1.1.16) in a way that is machine-processable as well as human-readable

(3.1.9.20)

extension

totality of objects (3.1.1.01) to which a concept (3.1.1.02) corresponds

(3.1.2.26)

extensional definition

denotative definition

enumerative definition

description of a concept (3.1.1.02) by enumerating all of its subordinate concepts (3.1.2.19) under one criterion of subdivision

EXAMPLE:

Noble gas: helium, neon, argon, crypton, xenon, or radon.

(Note 1 to entry: The value and the cases of applicability of extensional definitions are limited since a complete enumeration is very often not possible. It is not recommended as a standard definition by ISO 704.)

(3.1.6 Writing systems and transcription)

(3.1.6.01)

external user

user of an information and documentation organization (3.2.3.37) who does not belong to that organization’s (3.1.1.55) population to be served

[SOURCE: ISO 2789:2013, definition 2.2.12, modified]

Note 1 to entry: See also outreach service (3.11.5.02).

(3.11.6.06)

extrinsic data

data (3.1.1.15) about a material object (3.1.1.60) or document (3.1.1.38) which cannot be obtained directly from it but only from the communication (3.1.8.04) about it

(3.1.10.03)

face recognition

facial recognition system

automatic pattern recognition (3.1.12.05) comparing stored images (3.2.1.04) of human faces with the image of an actual face, indicating any matching, if it exists, and any data (3.1.1.15), if they exist, identifying the person to whom the face belongs

(3.1.12.10)

facet

grouping of concepts (3.1.1.02) of the same inherent category (3.8.5.13)

EXAMPLE 1:

Animals, mice, daffodils and bacteria could all be members of a “living organisms” facet.

EXAMPLE 2:

Digging, writing and cooking could all be members of an “actions” facet.

(EXAMPLE 3:)

Paris, the United Kingdom and the Alps could all be members of a “places” facet.

Note 1 to entry: Examples of high-level categories that can be used for grouping concepts into facets are: objects, materials, agents, actions, places and times. In particular contexts these can optionally be replaced by or subdivided into narrower groupings such as living organisms, processes, operations, etc.

Note 2 to entry: See also node label (3.8.3.23).

[SOURCE: ISO 25964-1:2011, definition 2.20]

(3.8.5.05)

facet analysis

analysis of subject areas into constituent concepts (3.1.1.02) grouped into facets (3.8.5.04), and the subdivision of concepts into narrower concepts (3.1.2.19) by specified characteristics of division (3.8.3.25)

[SOURCE: ISO 25964-1:2011, definition 2.21]

(3.8.3.27)

facet indicator

notational (1) <symbol> (3.1.4.16) device that indicates the start of a new facet (3.8.5.04) within a synthesized compound notation

Note 1 to entry: In the past, the term facet indicator has been used as synonymous (3.1.7.02) with node label (3.8.3.23) but that usage is deprecated by this standard (3.4.7.78), to avoid confusion.

EXAMPLE:

“0” in the Dewey Decimal Classification, parentheses and quotation symbols in the Universal Decimal Classification.

[SOURCE: ISO 25964-1:2011, definition 2.22]

(3.8.3.28)

facet label

label (1) <identifier> (3.1.12.24) indicating a different facet (3.8.5.04) from those preceding the label.

Note 1 to entry: The relationship (3.1.1.12) between concepts (3.1.1.02) from different facets is one of combination, not subordination.

EXAMPLE:

(activities)

education

(people)

children

adults

This shows the combination of “education” from the “activities” facet with various foci (3.8.5.16) from the “people” facet. “(activities)” and “(people)” are facet labels.

(3.8.3.29)

faceted classification system

classification system (3.8.5.02) in which concepts (3.1.1.02) are analysed into facets (3.8.5.04) on the basis of categories (3.8.5.13) to which they belong and by explicit characteristic of division (3.8.3.25)

(3.8.6.07)

face-to-face communication

human communication (3.1.8.07) where sender and recipient are both within the range of direct perception (3.1.1.33) through their senses

(3.1.8.18)

facsimile

reproduction (3.4.7.17) that approximates as nearly as possible to the content, form and appearance of the original document (3.4.7.11), but is not necessarily of the same size

(3.4.7.19)

fading

gradual bleaching

(3.12.4.27)

failure

loss of ability of a component or a system (3.1.1.13) to perform its required function

[SOURCE: ISO 16708:2006, definition 3.10]

(3.12.1.15)

fair dealing

fair use, US

free use of an intellectual work (3.1.1.45) in accordance with limits prescribed by legislation or permitted by convention

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO 19153:2014, definition 4.14.

(3.13.2.12)

fallout

ratio of irrelevant hits (3.10.3.03) to all irrelevant documents (3.1.1.38)

(3.10.3.16)

family archives

archives (1) <organization> (3.2.3.01) of or relating to a family or similar genealogical entity (3.1.13.27)

(3.6.4.2.02)

fatigue failure

failure (3.12.1.14) of a material following repeated strain with the passage of time

(3.12.1.16)

fax

image facsimile

document (3.1.1.38) prepared for transmission through telecommunication (3.1.8.30) lines or received as an outcome of such procedure

(3.4.7.10)

ferrotype

positive photograph (3.4.5.1.01) fixed on a black or dark brown enamelled iron sheet coated with collodion

(3.4.5.2.07)

festschrift

document (3.1.1.38) issued on the occasion of a festive event, usually connected to a jubilee

Note 1 to entry: Often the jubilee of a natural person.

(3.4.7.87)

field-book

cadastre

volume (3.3.5.2.37) which identifies, by numbers referring to parcels of land delineated on a map (3.4.7.59), all lands within a given geographical area with the names (3.1.5.28) of their owners and, usually, their extent and occupiers

(3.5.2.18)

file (1)

<set of records> set (3.1.1.09) of related records (1) <document(s)> (3.1.12.16) (either analogue or electronic) kept together

Note 1 to entry: See also file (2) <unit of documents> (3.4.4.01).

(3.1.12.03)

file (2)

<unit of documents> organized unit of documents (3.1.1.38) grouped together either for current use by the creator (3.7.1.06) or in the process of archival arrangement (1) <archival operation> (3.2.1.30), because they relate to the same subject, activity or transaction

Note 1 to entry: See also file (1) <set of records> (3.1.12.02); record(s) (1) <documents> .

(3.4.4.02)

file cover

folded sheet (1) <piece> (3.4.1.27.08) of paper (1) <material> (3.3.5.2.01) or board (1) <paper> (3.3.5.2.02) used for housing of and as a separating agent for document(s) (3.1.1.38)

[SOURCE: ISO 16245:2009, definition 3.1.2]

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO 18913:2012, definition 3.75 “folder”.

(3.12.6.38)

file name

data name

set name

title (3.7.4.01) consisting of alphanumeric characters (3.1.4.02) that is used to identify a set (3.1.1.09) of data (3.1.1.15) or a programme to a computer system (3.1.1.13)

Note 1 to entry: Different operating systems may have restrictions on the maximum number of characters and may prohibit the use of particular characters.

Note 2 to entry: Many systems allow or require the use of an extension to the file name to indicate the type of file.

(3.1.12.28)

filing (1)

<placement> placing an element (3.1.1.10) at a place within a whole according to a criterion

Note 1 to entry: See also filing (2) <sorting of characters> (3.9.2.02); filing (3) <determining arrangement in a locality> (3.9.2.05).

(3.9.2.02)

filing (2)

<sorting of characters> filing (1) <placement> (3.9.2.01) of data (3.1.1.15), symbols (3.1.4.17), or words (1) <orthographic word> (3.1.4.15) within a predefined order (3.1.1.14)

Note 1 to entry: See also filing (1) <placement> (3.9.2.01); filing (3) <determining arrangement in a locality> (3.9.2.05).

(3.9.2.03)

filing (3)

<determining arrangement in a locality> filing (1) <placement> (3.9.2.01) of material objects (3.1.1.60) within a spatial arrangement [in a room or on shelves (3.11.3.10)]

Note 1 to entry: See also filing (1) <placement> (3.9.2.01), filing (2) <sorting of characters> (3.9.2.02).

(3.9.2.06)

filing character

unit at the lowest, indivisible filing level (3.9.2.04)

[SOURCE: ISO 7154:1983, definition 3.8]

(3.1.4.14)

filing level

relative position of a filing unit (3.9.2.03) in a filing (2) <sorting of characters> (3.9.2.02) hierarchy

[SOURCE: ISO 7154:1983, definition 3.12, modified]

(3.9.2.05)

filing unit

defined entity (3.1.13.27) to allow systematic and logic filing (2) <sorting of characters> (3.9.2.02) operations

[SOURCE: ISO 7154:1983, definition 3.17, modified]

(3.9.2.04)

filler

restoration (3.1.2.1.02) paste or liquid applied to make good minor damage (3.12.1.11) to a material object (3.1.1.60)

(3.3.5.2.28)

film archives

archives (1) <organization> (3.2.3.01) for cinematographic films (3.4.5.1.09) and sometimes TV films (3.3.3.27) and of material connected with them

(3.6.4.2.10)

film director

person who undertakes the artistic making of a cinematographic film (3.4.5.1.09) or a TV film (3.3.3.27) by directing the visualization of the screenplay (3.4.7.30), following an overall vision of the film intended to be made

Note 1 to entry: In some countries, the film director is considered the author (3.7.1.01) of a film.

(3.2.4.19)

film distributor

commercial organization (3.1.1.55) or individual responsible for the marketing of a cinematographic film (3.4.5.1.09)

(3.2.3.19)

film editing

cutting and bringing together the different (camera) shots to produce a final film copy (1) <copy original> (3.4.7.12)

(3.3.4.04)

filmography

list (3.4.7.25) or retrieval system (3.10.1.05) allowing access to data (3.1.1.15) which describe (3.2.1.28) and uniquely identify (3.2.1.26)cinematographic films (3.4.5.1.09) or TV films (3.3.3.27)

Note 1 to entry: Special types of filmographies do focus on a certain artist, genre, time period or production company.

(3.5.2.22)

filmstrip

filmslip, US

photographic document (3.1.1.38) in the form of a short length of transparent material carrying photographic images (3.2.1.04) intended for projection as still pictures (3.4.7.51)

(3.4.5.1.11)

finding aid

physical and intellectual control system (3.1.1.13) produced to establish control over records (1) <document(s)> (3.1.13.16) or archives (2) <records> (3.6.1.03)

EXAMPLE:

Finding aids include guides (3.5.4.08), inventories (3.5.4.09), etc.

Note 1 to entry: See also catalogue (2) <holdings-related list>

(3.10.1.07)

finish

surface properties (3.1.1.03) imparted to paper (1) <material> (3.3.5.2.01) or board (1) <paper> (3.3.5.2.02) by mechanical means

EXAMPLE:

Properties achieved by calendering.

(3.12.3.04)

finissage

special reception and sometimes further event for invited persons upon the closure of an exhibition (3.11.1.09)

(3.11.1.21)

fire resistance

measure of the ability of a material or structure to resist collapse, flame penetration, and excessive temperature rise on the unexposed surface under specified conditions of test

(3.12.2.27)

first author

principal author

author (3.7.1.01) who has contributed most of all listed (3.4.7.25) when the succession of the authors’ names (3.1.5.28) in the title (3.4.1.01) of a scientific article (3.5.8.06) carries a significance as to indicating the contribution each author has made

(3.7.2 Description and cataloguing)

(3.7.2.01)

first edition

first publication (3.1.8.27) of an original or translated (1) <activity> (3.1.6.15)document (3.1.1.38)

[SOURCE: ISO 9707:2008, definition 2.13]

(3.4.1.14)

fiscal value

financial value

primary value (3.3.1.01) of documents (3.1.1.38), records (1) <document(s)> (3.1.13.16) and archives (2) <records> (3.6.1.03) for the conduct of financial or fiscal business or evidence (3.1.1.50) thereof

(3.3.1.04)

fix column head

column head (3.5.8.30) that remains unchanged throughout the entire document (3.1.1.38) or part of the document to which it belongs

(3.5.8.33)

flat filing

storage (1) <placement> (3.9.1.01) method of placing documents (3.1.1.38) in a position parallel to the shelf (3.11.3.10)

(3.9.2.10)

flattening

conservation (3.12.1.01) measure of removing planar distortions from a document (3.1.1.38)

(3.12.6.22)

flexibility

ability of a material to return to its former shape without damage (3.12.1.11) after bending

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO 4618:2014, definition 2.120.

(3.12.2.18)

flexible binding

leaf attachment method

binding (1) <covers> (3.5.9.1.10) in which the sewing (3.5.9.4.02) and covering materials allow the volume (3.3.5.2.37) to open quite flat

(3.5.9.3.08)

flexographic printing

forme-based printing (1) <technical process> (3.3.5.1.01) process/method using flexible relief formes where the raised inked areas reproduce images (3.2.1.04) onto a substrate with either high or low viscosity solvent-based or water-based inks

[SOURCE: ISO 12637-1:2006, definition 23, modified]

(3.3.5.1.11)

flexural strength

measure of the flexibility (3.12.2.17) of an adhesive (3.3.5.2.35)

(3.12.2.17)

fly-leaf

blank leaf (3.5.9.1.01) at the beginning or end of a volume (3.3.5.2.37) between the endpaper (3.5.9.2.10) and the first or last section (2) <folded leaves> (3.5.9.2.03)

(3.5.9.2.13)

focus

class (3.8.5.03) or subclass (3.8.5.07) member of a facet (3.8.5.04)

(3.8.5.17)

folding endurance

measure of the ability of a material to withstand folding under specified conditions of test

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO 18913:2012, definition 3.76. For more specifics, see ISO 11800:1998, definition 3.12.

(3.12.2.14)

foldout

gatefold

folded sheet (1) <piece> (3.4.1.27.08) of paper (1) <material> (3.5.3.2.01) that is inserted between other pages (3.5.9.1.02) of a document (3.1.1.38) and that contains text (3.2.1.05) or illustrative material occupying an area larger than the type area of a normal page within the document

(3.5.9.1.12)

foliation

numbering of the leaves (3.5.9.1.01) of a document (3.1.1.38)

Note 1 to entry: See also pagination (3.5.9.1.07).

(3.5.9.1.07)

fonds (1)

<whole of the records> whole of the records (1) <documents> (3.1.13.16), regardless of form or medium (3.2.1.25), organically created (3.7.1.06) and/or accumulated (3.2.1.37) and used by a particular person, family, or corporate body (3.1.1.57) in the course of that creator's (3.7.1.06) activities and functions

[SOURCE: ISAD (G):1999 Glossary of terms associated with the general rules]

Note 1 to entry: See also fonds (2) <primary arrangement division> (3.6.3.27); fonds (3) <closed record group> (3.6.3.29).

(3.6.3.26)

font

collection of glyph (3.1.6.04)images (3.2.1.04) having the same basic design

EXAMPLE:

Courier; Bold; Oblique.

[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 9541-1:2012, definition 3.20]

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO 5776:2016, definition 2.5.

(3.1.6.06)

footage

camera shots taken for producing a cinematographic film (3.4.5.1.09) or a TV film (3.3.3.27)

(3.5.8.46)

footer

footline

text (3.2.1.05) line set apart at the bottom of a page (3.5.9.1.02) containing information (3.1.1.16) referring to that page

(3.5.8.29)

footnote

note (1) <separate explanatory text> (3.5.8.33) at the bottom of the page (3.5.9.1.02) to which it belongs

(3.5.8.35)

fore edge

front edge of the leaves (3.5.9.1.01) of a volume (3.3.5.2.37)

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO 16763:2016, definition 3.3.6.

(3.5.9.2.20)

form

formsheet

document (3.1.1.38), usually printed (3.3.5.1.01), with predesigned spaces for the recording (3.1.8.26) of specific information (3.1.1.16)

Note 1 to entry: For ‘form’ indicating the type of document see“document type” (3.4.1.01).

(3.4.7.28)

form descriptor

index term (3.8.1.08) used to denote the physical or bibliographical form of a document (3.1.1.38)

Note 1 to entry: See also “form heading” (3.7.3.03); subject heading" (3.7.3.04); content descriptor (3.7.3.19).

(3.8.3.21)

form heading

heading (2) <access point> (3.7.3.01) used to collocate entries (3.2.1.32) for documents (3.1.1.38) having the same bibliographic form

Note 1 to entry: See also “form descriptor” (3.8.3.21).

(3.7.3.04)

formal definition

definition (3.1.5.59) within a formal concept (3.1.1.02) representation system (3.1.1.13)

[SOURCE: ISO/TS 22789:2010, definition 2.12]

(3.1.5.61)

formal order

order (3.1.1.14) following a formal criterion of order

Note 1 to entry: ‘Formal criterion’ may mean alphabetic order, numeric order, etc.

(3.1.1.63)

formal relation

relation (3.1.1.12) between the terms (3.1.5.25) of an indexing language (3.8.1.06)

(3.1.7.11)

forwarding

steps in binding (2) <activity> (3.5.9.2.01) that take place after sewing (3.5.9.4.02) and prior to book (2) <stack of leaves (3.5.9.1.01)> (3.3.5.2.37)casing-in (3.5.9.4.09);usually it includes rounding and backing (3.5.9.4.10) and lining (3.5.9.2.08) the spine (3.5.9.2.18) and it may include tipping-in (3.5.9.4.08) the endpapers (3.5.9.2.10)

[SOURCE: ISO 11800:1998, definition 3.13]

(3.5.9.4.12)

foxing

discolouration (3.12.4.21) of paper (1) <material> (3.3.5.2.01) in the form of small brown spots

Note 1 to entry: Foxing is caused by the activities of fungi.

(3.12.4.25)

FRANAR

Functional Requirements and Authority Numbering of Records

conceptual (3.1.1.02) entity-relationship model (1) <abstraction> (3.3.2.20) for relating the data (3.1.1.15) that are recorded in library (3.2.3.02)authority records (3.7.2.28) to the needs of the users of those records (2) <set of data> (3.1.1.3.22) and facilitate the sharing of that data

Note 1 to entry: FRANAR has been issued IFLA.

(3.7.2.37)

FRBR

Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records

conceptual (3.1.1.02) entity-relationship model (1) <abstraction> (3.3.2.20) that relates user tasks of retrieval (3.10.1.01) and access (3.11.1.01) in online library (3.2.3.02)catalogues (2) <holdings-related list> (3.5.1.01) and bibliographic databases (3.10.1.08) from a user’s perspective

Note 1 to entry: FRBR has been developed by IFLA.

(3.7.2.36)

free access

open access (3.11.1.05) that does not require financial compensation

(3.11.1.07)

free indexing

indexing (3.8.2.01) method in which the index terms (3.8.1.08) are taken from natural language (3.1.5.02) such as keywords (3.8.1.07)

(3.8.3 Thesauri and terms)

(3.8.3.01)

freedom of panorama

right to take a photograph (3.4.5.1.01) of publicly open visible features such as the outside view of gardens, houses, and streets

(3.13.1.05)

free-text search

search where natural language (3.1.5.02) is used to scan a document (3.1.1.38), entirely or in part, for possible matching

(3.10.2.28)

frontal display

face-out

method of displaying (3.1.11.14) media (documents (3.1.1.38) face forward, especially in public libraries (3.6.4.1.18), which requires considerably more shelf (3.11.3.10) area

[SOURCE: ISO/TR 11219:2012, definition 2.30, modified]

(3.10 Search and retrieval)

(3.10.1 General concepts)

(3.10.1.01)

frontlist

list (3.4.7.25) from a publisher (3.2.3.15) of their newly issued publications (3.1.8.27)

Note 1 to entry: See also “blurb” (3.4.7.46).

(3.5.1.36)

frozen record

record (1) <document> (3.1.13.16) that cannot be destroyed in accordance with a records schedule (3.5.3.01) because special circumstances require a temporary extension of the specified retention period (3.6.5.09)

EXAMPLE:

Such a special circumstance may be a court order.

(3.4.4.11)

FRSAD

Functional Requirements for Subject Authority Data

conceptual (3.1.1.02) entity-relationship model (1) <abstraction> (3.3.2.20) built on the FRBR (3.7.2.35) model meant to ease global sharing and use of subject authority data (3.1.1.15) and further explaining the FRBR Group 3 entities (3.1.13.27) that consist of “entities that serve as subjects of intellectual or artistic endeavour”

Note 1 to entry: FRSAD has been developed by the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA), and was previously known as “Functional Requirements for Subject Authority Records”, or FRSAR.

(3.7.2.38)

F-score

F-measure

measure of a test's accuracy, the harmonic mean of precision (3.10.3.13) and recall (3.10.3.11), often used in the field of information retrieval (3.10.1.02) for measuring search, document (3.1.1.38)classification (3.8.5.01), and query (3.10.3.01) performance

(3.10.3.19)

fugitive colours

pigments (3.3.5.2.21) or dyes (3.3.5.2.22) which lack colour fastness (3.12.2.07)

(3.12.4.33)

full binding

complete binding (1) <covers> (3.5.9.1.10) of a volume (3.3.5.2.37)spine (3.5.9.2.18) and sides, with the same material

Note 1 to entry: Traditionally, the material is leather.

(3.5.9.3.02)

full newspaper

newspaper (3.4.1.28.04) whose entire editorial contents is produced by the editorial department (3.2.3.35) of the newspaper itself

Note 1 to entry: See also “principal edition” in ISO 4087:2005, definition 3.1.

(3.4.1.28.10)

full plagiarism

entire document (3.1.1.38) being a plagiarism (3.4.1.19)

(3.4.1.21)

full text database

database (3.1.13.03) containing complete documents (3.1.1.38) or fundamental parts of documents

(3.1.13.05)

full-cover editorial department

editorial department (3.2.3.38) being in a position to produce on its own, on a regular basis, all the editorial contents of a reference work (3.5.5.01) or, particularly, a newspaper (3.4.1.28.04)

(3.2.3.37)

full-text search

technique for searching all of the text (3.2.1.05) fields in a computer-stored (3.9.1.01)document (3.1.1.38) or database (3.1.13.03)

(3.10.2.29)

full-text storage

storage (1) <placement> (3.9.1.01) of the texts (3.2.1.05) of complete documents (3.1.1.38) in a machine-readable data medium (3.1.1.39)

(3.9.1.06)

fumigation

conservation (3.12.1.01) measure of exposing documents (3.1.1.43), usually in a vacuum or other airtight chamber, to gas or vapour in order to effect disinfestation (3.12.6.13) or disinfection (3.12.6.14)

(3.12.6.16)

functional space

part of the gross floor area that houses the central operational equipment of a building

Note 1 to entry: This includes, for instance, sewage disposal, heating, conveyor technique.

[SOURCE: ISO/TR 11219:2012, definition 2.31]

(3.11.3.03)

fungus

cryptogamous plant, without chlorophyll, feeding on organic matter

Note 1 to entry: Fungi come in a wide variety of forms. The most common forms encountered in documents (3.1.1.38) are mould and mildew.

(3.12.5.03)

gallery

organization (3.1.1.55) or part of an organization exhibiting paintings (3.4.7.52), sculptures (3.3.2.22) and other works (3.2.1.07) of art intended for sale

Note 1 to entry: See also museum (3.2.3.06).

(3.2.3.29)

gap

break or discontinuity in the holdings (3.6.1.01) of the published (3.3.4.01) parts of a multipart unit or serial (3.4.1.28.01) unit

[SOURCE: ISO 10324:1997, definition 3.25]

(3.6.2.2.16)

gazetteer

dictionary (3.5.5.03) of geographical names (3.1.5.28)

(3.5.5.08)

general concept

concept (3.1.1.02) which corresponds to two or more objects (3.1.1.01) which form a group by reason of common characteristics (3.1.1.04)

EXAMPLE:

“planet”; “tower”.

[SOURCE: ISO 1087-1:2000, definition 3.2.3]

(3.1.2.16)

General International Standard for Archival Description

ISAD (G)

internationally standardized (3.4.7.78) guidelines for the description (1) <activity> (3.2.1.28) of archival (3.2.3.01)documents (3.1.1.38) issued by ICA

(3.7.2.33)

general library

library (3.2.3.02) covering, in principle, all subject fields (3.1.2.07)

(3.6.4.1.05)

general material designation

GMD

term (3.1.5.25) broadly indicating the physical form and substance of a resource [document (3.1.1.38)]

[SOURCE: AACR]

EXAMPLE:

general museum

museum (3.2.3.06) which has mixed collections (2) <gathering> (3.6.1.05) and cannot be identified by a predominant field

Note 1 to entry: Universal museums are considered general museums.

Note 2 to entry: See UNESCO classification.

[SOURCE: ISO 18461:2016, definition 2.2.8]

(3.6.4.3.02)

general records schedule

general schedule

common records schedule

records schedule (3.5.3.01) governing specified records series (3.6.3.30) of records (1) <document(s)> (3.1.13.16) common to several or all agencies or administrative units of an organization (3.1.1.55)

(3.5.3.03)

generality

ratio of non-relevant hits (3.10.3.03) to all documents (3.1.1.38)

(3.10.3.17)

generalize

form a more generic concept (3.1.2.20) [that represents a superset of the extension(s) (3.1.2.25) of one or more specific concepts (3.1.2.21)]

EXAMPLE:

“Infection that hasCause Pneumococcus” can be generalized to “Infection that hasCause Bacterium”.

Note 1 to entry: To generalize is to decrease the intension (3.1.2.24) and increase the extension (3.1.2.25) of a concept (3.1.1.02). Specialization (8.3.1.04) and generalization can be achieved in many ways, including replacing a semantic link (3.1.12.30) with a less specific semantic link (and vice versa for specialization).

generic concept

concept (3.1.1.02) in a generic relation (3.1.7.05) having the narrower intension (3.1.2.24)

[SOURCE: http://iso.i-term.dk/frames.php]

Note 1 to entry: See also inheritance (3.1.13.29)

(3.1.2.21)

generic relation

relation (3.1.1.12) between two concepts (3.1.1.02) where the intension (3.1.2.24) of one of the concepts includes that of the other concept and at least one additional delimiting characteristic (3.1.1.04)

EXAMPLE:

Word-pronoun; vehicle-car; person-child.

[SOURCE: ISO 1087-1:2000, definition 3.2.21]

(3.1.7.06)

generic title word

general word (1) <orthographic word> (3.1.5.18) appearing in a serial (3.4.1.28.01)title (3.7.4.01) that does not contribute to the specific identification (3.2.1.26) of the title by differentiating it from others

EXAMPLE:

‘Journal’, ‘Proceedings’.

(3.7.2.26)

genuine document estate

document estate (3.6.3.09) as actually encountered, upon a person’s death, in the localities of the deceased person’s life-sphere, and in further places possibly designated by the person as depositories / repositories (3.2.3.10)

(3.6.3.14)

geodata

data (3.1.1.15) describing geographical entities (3.1.13.27), their names (3.1.5.28), relative positions, and other features

(3.1.10.13)

geographical information system

GIS

computer system (3.1.1.13) capable of assembling, storing (1) <placement> (3.9.1.01), manipulating, and displaying (3.1.11.14) geographically referenced information (3.1.1.21), i.e. data (3.1.1.20)identified (3.2.1.26) according to their locations

[SOURCE: ISO 23611-6:2012, definition 3.3.1]

(3.1.8.36)

gestalt method (of thesaurus construction)

a priori method

thesaurus (3.8.3.01) construction method based on the analysis of lexical sources and used for the construction of controlled vocabularies (3.8.1.05)

(3.8.4.02)

globe

spherical cartographic document (3.4.7.58) representing a celestial body

Note 1 to entry: Usually the earth.

(3.4.7.63)

glossary

document (3.1.1.38) or part of a document which contains a selected list (3.4.7.25) of words (1) <orthographic word> (3.1.5.18) from one or a few given texts (3.2.1.05) which are deemed to require punctiform explanation but which explanations do not necessarily follow a uniform pattern

(3.5.5.05)

glossonym

name (3.1.5.28) of a natural language (3.1.5.02)

(3.1.5.43)

gluing-off

applying adhesive (3.3.5.2.35) to the spine (3.5.9.2.18) of a book block (3.5.9.2.02) after sewing (3.5.9.4.02)

[SOURCE: ISO 11800:1998, definition 3.14]

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO 16763:2016, definition 3.1.8.

(3.5.9.4.13)

glyph

recognizable abstract graphic symbol (3.1.4.17) which is independent of any specific design

[SOURCE: ISO 15930-3:2002, definition 3.7]

(3.1.6.05)

government document

document (3.1.1.38) published at government expense or as required by law or published by an international agency

EXAMPLE:

Such an agency may be the United Nations, the European Union, UNESCO.

[SOURCE: ISO 9707:2008, definition 2.14]

(3.4.6.02)

gramophone record

phonograph record

record (3)

sound carrier (3.4.5.5.01) in the form of a disc (3.4.5.5.08) on which non-erasable sound is recorded (3.3.3.19) in the form of a helical groove and from which audio playback is possible

Note 1 to entry: See also record(s) (1) <document(s)> (3.1.13.16); record (2) <set of data> (3.1.13.22); ISO/TR 11219:2012, definition 2.68.

(3.4.5.5.03)

grapheme

atomic unit in a written language (3.1.5.04) including letters (1) <character> (3.1.4.07), pictograms, ideograms, numerals (3.1.4.05), punctuation and other glyphs (3.1.6.04)

[SOURCE: http://iso.i-term.dk/frames.php]

Note 1 to entry: See also “graphic character” (3.1.4.04).

(3.1.4.04)

graphic character

character (3.1.4.02) used for the visual representation of data (3.1.1.15)

Note 1 to entry: See also grapheme (3.1.4.03).

(3.1.4.05)

graphic document

iconic document

document (3.1.1.38) in which pictorial representation is the most prominent feature

Note 1 to entry: A graphic document is pictorial rather than linguistic, musical or cartographic in form.

EXAMPLE:

Art prints, art originals, art reproductions, photographs, posters, study prints, technical drawings.

(Note 2 to entry: See also ISO 10209:2012, definition 3.46.)

[SOURCE: Note 1 and EXAMPLES taken from ISO 2789:2013, definition 2.3.25]

(3.4.7.29)

graphical language

language (3.1.5.01) whose syntax is expressed in terms of graphical symbols (3.1.4.17)

[SOURCE: ISO 19101-1:2014, definition 4.1.21]

(3.1.5.08)

gravure printing

intaglio printing (3.3.5.1.06) using formes which are plated cylinders or wraparound plates where the image (3.2.1.04) areas are recessed below the non-image areas producing microscopic cells from which ink is transferred directly to a substrate

Note 1 to entry: Gravure printing is an intaglio process where the cells can have various width, depth and frequency characteristics.

[SOURCE: ISO 12637-1:2006, definition 30]

(3.3.5.1.08)

ground wood paper

DEPRECATED: mechanical woodpulp paper

paper (1) <material> (3.3.5.2.01) made from fibres obtained from wood by mechanical means

Note 1 to entry: Historically, ground wood paper has been liable to deterioration as a consequence of its high lignin content.

(3.3.5.2.05)

GTIN

Global Trade Item Number

unique number from a standard code (2) <data> (3.1.13.10) used internationally to identify products and packaging units

Note 1 to entry: See ISO 22742:2010, definitions 3.25, 3.43; and 3.12; ISO/TS 16791:2014, definition 3.1.1.

Note 2 to entry: Up to 2009, this number was known as the “European article number” / EAN/UPC which was also applied in libraries (3.2.3.02).

(3.2.5.13)

guarantees, warranties; heart attack, myocardial infarction; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus.

Note 1 to entry: Abbreviations (3.1.5.47) of full forms and acronyms (3.1.5.52) are synonyms.

Note 2 to entry: See also “synonymy” (3.1.7.02); ISO/TR 9007:1987 (page 23).

(3.1.5.56)

guard

strip of cloth or paper (1) <material> (3.3.5.2.01) used as a hinge (3.5.9.2.22) for a map (3.4.7.59), illustration (3.5.9.1.14) or a single sheet (1) <piece> (3.4.1.27.08)

Note 1 to entry: “guard” is also referred to as compensating strip for thick inserts (3.5.9.2.04) and maps (3.4.7.59).

[SOURCE: ISO 14416:2003, definition 3.16]

(3.5.9.2.06)

guestbook (1)

<register of guests> official register (3.5.1.17) of the guests of a hotel or other commercial place of accommodation

Note 1 to entry: See also guestbook (2) <list of recognition> (3.5.2.14).

(3.5.2.14)

guestbook (2)

<list of recognition> document (3.1.1.38) into which visitors are signing in as an act of recognition and possibly enter comment in prose or poetics

Note 1 to entry: A guestbook (2) <list of recognition> may be in a private home, or may be accompanying an exhibition, a monument, museum, archive, library collection etc.

guide (1)

<introductory document> document (3.1.1.38) containing introductory information (3.1.1.16) comprehensive enough for a user to carry out an operation

Note 1 to entry: See also guide (2) <finding aid> (3.5.4.08).

(3.4.7.40)

guide (2)

<finding aid> broad or general finding aid (3.10.1.06) for the holdings (3.6.1.01) of one or more information and documentation organizations (3.2.3.37)

EXAMPLE:

gutter

space formed by the two inner margins of facing pages (3.5.9.1.02) of a volume (3.3.5.2.37)

(3.5.9.1.10)

half binding

binding (1) <covers> (3.5.9.1.10) in which the spine (3.5.9.2.18), extending to one-quarter of the width of the boards (1) <paper> (3.3.5.2.02), and either the corners or the fore edges (3.5.9.2.19) of the boards (1) <paper> are covered in one material and the rest of the sides in another

Note 1 to entry: Traditionally leather is used for the spine (3.5.9.2.18), etc.

(3.5.9.3.04)

half title

title (3.7.4.01), normally abridged, on the recto (3.5.8.38) of a leaf (3.5.9.1.01) that precedes the title page (3.5.7.02)

(3.7.4.13)

hand press print

printed document (3.4.7.06) made on a hand printing (1) <technical process> (3.3.5.1.01) equipment

Note 1 to entry: See also printing (3.3.5.1.01).

(3.4.7.08)

handbook

reference work (3.5.5.01) in the form of a monographic (3.4.1.27.01)book (1) <intellectual work> (3.4.1.27.04) presenting, usually in different (sometimes self-contained) chapters (3.5.8.05) or sections (1) <text subdivision> (3.5.8.11), usually written by different authors (3.7.1.01), a complete overview over a subject field or discipline, giving objective knowledge (2) <verified knowledge> (3.1.1.24) according to the current state of the art in the field

Note 1 to entry: Often, a multi-author work. See also textbook (3.4.7.82).

(3.5.5.12)

handling

physical actions required for the use (3.11.2.01) or the preservation (3.2.1.39) of documents (3.1.1.38)

(3.11.2.03)

handwriting

cursive writing

long hand

script (3.1.6.02) as executed by a human’s hand

Note 1 to entry: See also “manuscript (1) <non-printed document>” (3.4.7.02).

(3.1.6.08)

hard copy

copy (2) <reproduction> (3.4.7.14) or copy (3) <exemplar> (3.3.2.02), usually on paper (1) <material> (3.3.5.2.01), which can be read without the assistance of a technical device

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO/IEC 2382:2015, definition 2121385; ISO/TR 11065:1992, definition 280; ISO 12637-2:2008, 2.69; ISO 3664:2009, definition 3.4.

(3.3.3.09)

hard cover

cover (2) <covering material> (3.5.9.2.13) of a book (2) <stack of leaves> (3.3.5.2.37) produced from a flexible material, usually cloth or paper (1) <material> (3.5.3.2.01), supported by rigid boards (2) <cover> (3.5.9.2.16)

[SOURCE: ISO 14416:2003, definition 3.17]

(3.5.9.2.15)

harddrive

harddisk

in a computer environment, the storage (1) <placement> (3.9.1.01) area within or attached to the computer itself, where a huge amount of space is available to store digital data (3.1.1.15)

(3.3.2.07)

hardware

all or part of the physical components of an information (3.1.1.16) processing system (3.1.1.13)

[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 2382:2015(en), 2121277]

(3.1.12.16)

header

text (3.2.1.05) line set apart at the top of a page (3.5.9.1.02) containing information (3.1.1.16) referring to that page

Note 1 to entry: See also "headline" (3.5.8.09).

(3.5.8.28)

heading (1)

<text line> text (3.2.1.05) line set apart from (usually above) body type and serving as a title (3.7.4.01) or indication of what follows

[SOURCE: ISO/TR 9544:1988, definition 3.204, modified]

Note 1 to entry: See also heading (2) <access point> (3.7.3.01); title (3.7.4.01).

(3.5.8.10)

heading (2)

<access point> first access point (3.7.2.14) to a description in an information (3.1.1.16)retrieval system (3.10.1.05)

Note 1 to entry: See also heading (1) <text line> (3.5.8.09); access point (3.7.2.14).

(3.7.3.02)

headline

prominent and typographically very distinct heading (1) <text line> (3.5.8.09), usually of an article (3.5.8.06) or a contribution, in a newspaper (3.4.1.28.04) or a TV news programme (3.3.3.17) and sometimes also used independently from that, in announcement or advertisement for the newspaper or the news programme

(3.5.8.11)

headword

lemma (3.1.5.21) that serves as the heading for an entry (3.2.1.32) in a dictionary (3.5.5.02)

[SOURCE: ISO 1951:2007, definition 3.6]

(3.5.9 Physical parts of documents)

(3.5.9.1 General concepts)

(3.5.9.1.01)

heat-sealing

lamination (3.12.6.25) in which adhesion is achieved by heat and pressure

(3.12.6.28)

help desk

place, telephone or electronic contact point where staff who can provide advice or assistance on a given system (3.1.1.13), information service (3.2.1.33) or database (3.1.13.03) are available for information users (3.11.2.05)

(3.11.3.18)

hidden bibliography

bibliography (2) <universal document list> (3.5.1.02) being an integral part of a more comprehensive publication (3.1.8.27) and therefore not retrievable (3.10.1.01) as an independent bibliographic unit (3.7.2.11)

(3.5.1.04)

hierarchical relation

semantic relation (3.1.7.01) between a pair of concepts (3.1.1.02) of which one has a scope falling completely within the scope of the other

[SOURCE: ISO 25964-1:2011, definition 2.23, modified]

(3.1.7.13)

hinge

inner joint

interior juncture of the spine (3.5.9.2.18) and covers (2) <covering material> (3.5.9.2.13)

(3.5.9.3 Types of bindings)

(3.5.9.3.01)

historical gazetteer

gazetteer (3.5.5.07) of geographical names (3.1.5.28) that were once assigned and in use

(3.5.5.10)

history museum

museum (3.2.3.06) concerned with the history of a defined geographic area or a cultural group of people over a limited period or over the centuries

Note 1 to entry: Includes museums with collections of historical objects, commemorative museums, military museums, museums on historical persons, etc.

Note 2 to entry: Adapted from the UNESCO classification.

[SOURCE: ISO 18461:2016, definition 2.2.11]

(3.6.4.3.16)

hit

result of a successful request (2) <user demand> (3.10.2.06) to an online service (3.1.1.59)

[SOURCE: ISO 2789:2013, definition 2.2.1, modified]

(3.10.3.04)

holdings

totality of documents (3.1.1.38) in the custody (3.1.1.58) of an information and documentation organization (3.2.3.37)

Note 1 to entry: See also accumulation (3.2.1.37); collection (2) <gathering> (3.6.1.05).

(3.6.1.02)

holdings record

record (1) <document(s)> (3.1.13.16) in a cataloguing (3.2.1.29)system (3.1.1.13) that describes (3.2.1.28), analyzes and controls holdings (3.6.1.01) associated with a bibliographic, archival (1) <organization> (3.2.3.01) or museum (3.2.3.06)record (2) <set of data> (3.1.13.22),

[SOURCE: ISO 8459:2009, definition 2.25, modified]

(3.5.1.30)

holdings statement

record (2) <set of data> (3.1.13.22) of the locations of a specific bibliographic resource (3.7.2.10) or other document (3.1.1.38) and, optionally, the units of that item (3.2.1.10) held at the location

[SOURCE: ISO 8459:2009, definition 2.26, modified; ISO 10324:1997, definition 3.29, modified]

(3.5.1.31)

holiday

area of an adhesive (3.3.5.2.35) covered surface which does not adhere properly to another surface

(3.12.4.21)

hologram

three-dimensional photographic (3.4.5.1.01) representation produced by an arranged interference between coherent light beams

(3.3.3.24)

holograph (2)

autograph (1)

<handwritten document> manuscript (1) <non-printed document> (3.4.7.11) entirely in the handwriting (3.1.6.07) of its author (3.7.1.01)

Note 1 to entry: See also holograph (1) <name in handwriting> (3.5.8.52); autograph (2) <name in handwriting> (3.5.8.52).

(3.4.7.04)

holotype

single biological specimen (3.3.2.10), chosen by the author (3.7.1.01) of a scientific description (1) <activity> (3.2.1.28) of a biological species to be the physical embodiment of the concept (3.1.1.02) of a particular species described by her or him

(3.3.2.13)

homepage

main or opening screen of a website (3.3.3.24), to which all other pages for users are linked

(3.3.3.27)

homograph

one of two or more words (1) <orthographic word> (3.1.1.2.13) that are written in the same way, but have different meanings (3.1.8.03)

EXAMPLE:

In English:

The word “bank” could refer to a financial institution or the side of a river.

In French:

(The word “avocat” could refer to a lawyer or to a fruit.)

Note 1 to entry: Homographs are sometimes referred to as “homonyms”, although the latter term applies more broadly, as it also includes pairs of terms such as “weights” and “waits” in English or “mer” and “mère” in French, which sound the same although they are spelt differently.

[SOURCE: ISO 25964-1:2011, definition 2.24]

(3.1.5.58)

homonymy

relation (3.1.1.12) between designation (3.1.5.24) and concept (3.1.1.02) in a given language (3.1.5.01) in which one designation represents two or more unrelated concepts

EXAMPLE:

Bark:1) sound made by a dog; 2) outside covering of the stems of woody plants; 3) sailing vessel.

[SOURCE: http://iso.i-term.dk/login.php]

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO 1087-1:2000, def. 3.4.25.

(3.1.7.05)

homophony

quality (3.1.3.01) of two or more terms (3.1.5.25) having the same phonic form but unrelated meanings (3.1.8.03)

(3.1.5.59)

honeycombing

shelving (3.9.2.06) method of leaving space between shelved documents (3.1.1.38) to facilitate the insertion of accessions (3.4.3.01) or accruals (3.4.3.02)

(3.9.2.12)

hospitality

quality (3.1.3.01) of a notation (2) <notation system> (3.8.5.19) allowing easy inclusion of new subjects in a classification system (3.8.5.02)

(3.8.5.24)

host

in a computer network, a computer which provides information resources (3.1.1.44) or services (3.1.1.59) or on which applications operate, accessed (3.11.1.01) by remote use (3.11.4.02)

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO 2382:2015, definition 2120550.

(3.1.9.13)

HTTP

Hypertext Transfer Protocol

client/server communication (3.1.8.04)protocol (3.1.9.13) used to transfer information (3.1.1.16) on the World Wide Web (3.1.9.01)

[SOURCE: ISO/TR 14873:2013, definition 2.23]

(3.1.10 Types of data)

(3.1.10.01)

human communication

communication (3.1.8.04) between two or more human beings which is created by employing the natural endowment(s) of humans

EXAMPLE:

“Human communication” may be effected through human voice(s); body language; sign language; etc.

(3.1.8.08)

humidification (1)

<increasing the humidity> conservation (3.12.1.01) measure of increasing relative humidity while maintaining a stable temperature

Note 1 to entry: See also humidification (2) <conservation measure> (3.12.6.17) and ISO/TR 16344:2012, definition 2.1.90.

(3.12.6.17)

humidification (2)

<conservation measure> conservation (3.12.1.01) measure to increase the absolute humidity of a material object (3.1.1.05) by humidification (1) <increasing the humidity> (3.12.6.16)

Note 1 to entry: See also humidification (1) <increasing the humidity> (3.12.6.16).

(3.12.6.18)

hybrid system

system (3.1.1.13) which achieves a desired output result by providing, or combining, two different ways of producing the result or by offering the requested result in different formats

EXAMPLE:

A library offering a text (3.2.1.05) both as a printed document (3.4.7.06) and as a digital one; a same motor vehicle powered simultaneously by different energy supplies.

(3.1.2.02)

hydronym

name (3.1.5.28) of a body of water

(3.1.5.42)

hyperlink

link (3.1.12.30) that represents a digital connection between two digital objects (3.1.1.01)

[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 10744:1997, definition 3.44, modified]

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO/TR 14873:2013, definition 2.24.

(3.1.12.32)

hypertext

electronic text (3.2.1.05)display (3.1.11.14) representing a hyperlink (3.1.12.31)

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO 12651-1:2012, definition 4.66.

(3.1.5.18)

Hypertext Markup Language

HTML

Standard Generalized Markup Language (3.1.9.17) application permitting linking of documents (3.1.1.38) through selected access points (3.7.2.14)

Note 1 to entry: HTML is a subset of SGML (3.1.9.17). See also ISO/TR 14873:2013, definition 2.22.

(3.1.9.19)

hypertext storage

storage (1) <placement> (3.9.1.01) of digital documents (3.1.1.38) from related records (1) <document(s)> (3.1.13.16) with links (3.1.12.30) between access points (3.7.2.14), allowing immediate shift within one document or from one document to another

(3.9.1.07)

iconography

description (1) <activity> (3.2.1.28) of the thema (3.2.1.17), the motifs and topics of images (3.2.1.04)

(3.7.2.09)

iconology

interpretation in a cultural historic context (3.1.2.05) of the themes (3.2.1.17), motifs, and topics rendered by iconography (3.7.2.08)

(3.7.2.10)

identification

process of recognizing an entity (3.1.13.27) in a particular domain (3.1.2.09) as distinct from other entities (3.1.13.27)

[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 24760-1:2011, definition 3.2.1]

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO 10209:2012, definition 3.46 (pictorial representation).

(3.2.1.27)

identifier

data (3.1.1.15)string (3.1.1.11) or pointer that establishes the identity of an item, organization (3.1.1.55) or person alone or in combination with other elements (3.1.1.10)

[SOURCE: ISO 8459:2009, definition 2.27, modified]

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO 25964-1:2011, definition 2.25; ISO 24619:2011, definition 3.2.1.

(3.1.12.20)

illustration

document (3.1.1.38) or part of a document in the form of a graphic presentation set apart from the main body of text (3.2.1.05) and normally cited within the main text

[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 26513:2009, definition 3.19, modified]

Note 1 to entry: See also picture (3.4.7.51).

(3.5.9.1.15)

image

retinal pattern formed by light reflected or transmitted by external stimuli, whose impression is completed by the physiological mechanisms and mental processes that affect visual perception (3.1.1.33)

Note 1 to entry: In graphic technology, the term is commonly used to identify any picture, drawing, illustration, graphic, text or other reproduction, visible to the human eye, that portrays the original in the proper form, colour and perspective.

[SOURCE: ISO 12637-1:2006, definition 31]

Note 2 to entry: “Image” generally refers to any kind of viewing perception, not only to that of pure pictorial content. In this general capacity, “image” also includes e.g. pure text (3.2.1.05) which itself consists solely of graphic/writing (3.1.11.01)characters (3.1.4.02). Thus, in certain data processing (3.1.12.01) operations, processing and display (3.1.11.14) of pure text nevertheless takes place as “image processing” (e.g. in an “image catalogue”).

image agency

commercial organization (3.1.1.55) which undertakes to capture and sell photographs (3.4.5.1.01) from all societal areas

Note 1 to entry: Image agencies fulfill some functions of an information (3.1.1.16) and documentation (3.2.1.22)organization (3.1.1.55)

(3.2.3.13)

image enhancement

restoration (3.12.1.02) measure of recreating the faded (3.12.4.26) or incomplete information (3.1.1.16) content of a document (3.1.1.38) by optical or electronic techniques

(3.12.6.37)

image library

organization (3.1.1.55) or database (3.1.13.03) with related devices, or website (3.3.3.24) from which copies (2) <reproduction> (.4.7.14) of photographs (3.4.5.1.01) may be borrowed or reproduced for use in advertising, in books (1) <intellectual work> (3.4.1.27.04), newspapers (3.4.1.28.04), magazines (3.4.1.28.20), or other print (3.3.5.1.01) materials

Note 1 to entry: Image libraries fulfill functions of an information and documentation organization (3.2.3.37).

(3.2.3.14)

image rendition

image rendering

production of a non-photographic image (3.2.1.04) reflecting properties (3.1.1.03) of a material object (3.1.1.60) from measurement data (3.1.1.15) taken of the object (3.1.1.01) which are rendering the image as brightness values or colours

EXAMPLE:

Production of a thermographic image; computer tomography images.

(3.1.12.11)

imagination

mental representation (1) <unit> (3.1.1.41) of an object (3.1.1.01) or of notions connected with a word (1) <orthographic word> (3.1.5.18)

(3.1.1.35)

imitation art paper

uncoated paper (1) <material> (3.3.5.2.01) with a very high filler content and heavily calendered to give it the characteristics (3.1.1.04) of art paper (2) <coated paper> (3.3.5.2.13)

(3.3.5.2.15)

impact factor

IF

journal impact factor

measure of how often an article (3.5.8.06) published in a scientific journal (3.4.1.28.19) receives a citation (3.5.8.16) or quotation (3.5.8.23) in other scientific documents (3.1.1.38)

Note 1 to entry: See also “citation index” (3.5.1.13).

(3.11.7.15)

implicit knowledge

knowledge (3.1.1.17) that is implied rather than expressly stated

(3.1.1.32)

impregnation

conservation (3.12.1.01) measure consisting of injection or absorption of a fluid into a material object (3.1.1.60)

(3.12.6.13)

imprescriptibility

principle that public records (2) <legal term> (3.6.3.05) remain permanently subject to replevin (3.6.5.08) because they are inalienable (3.6.5.10) public property

(3.7 Analysis, representation and content description of documents and data)

(3.7.1 Main elements at the basis of the description)

(3.7.1.01)

impression

whole set (3.1.1.09) of copies (3) <exemplar> (3.3.2.02) of an edition (3.4.1.12) or issue printed at one time and in a single operation

[SOURCE: ISO 1086:1991, definition 3.11]

(3.4.1.12)

imprint

data (3.1.1.15) comprising the place of publication (3.7.1.07), publisher (3.2.3.15), year of publication and printing (1) <technical process> (3.3.5.1.01) and sometimes the copyright notice (3.13.3.1.03) of a document (3.1.1.38)

(3.7.1.10)

improvement patent

patent (3.4.7.73) which represents an improvement of an invention (3.1.1.46) and which requires the permission of the owner of the previous patent before it may be implemented

(3.4.5.7.07)

IMRAD

“introduction (3.5.8.04), methods, results, and discussion”, being the formula for structuring a paper (3) <scientific text> (3.5.8.12) in the sciences

(3.5.8.16)

in situ

of an object (3.1.1.01) being in its original context (3.1.2.05)

(3.1.1.08)

inalienability

inviolability

principle that public records (2) <legal term> (3.6.3.05) may not be transferred to anyone not entitled by law to their ownership

Note 1 to entry: See also “alienation” (3.6.2.2.13).

(3.6.5.11)

incipit

first words (1) <orthographic word> (3.1.5.18) in a text (3.2.1.05) or first notes (2) <music character> (3.1.4.11) in a score (3.4.7.48)

Note 1 to entry: In many cases, the incipit must be used for unambiguous identification (3.2.1.26) of a work (3.2.1.07) or must serve as the title (3.7.4.01) substitute.

(3.5.8.02)

incunabulum

volume (3.3.5.2.37)printed (1) <technical process> (3.3.5.1.01) in Europe from moveable type and dating from before 1501-01-01

Note 1 to entry: The name (3.1.5.28) of a printer (3.2.3.16) of an incunabulum (3.4.2.27.05) can be concluded from the font (3.1.6.05) used for the printing (1) <technical process> (3.3.5.1.01).

(3.4.1.27.06)

independent claim

claim (3.4.5.8.01) different from the main claim (3.4.5.8.07) and referring to technical matters not contained in that claim

(3.4.5.8.09)

index

list (3.4.7.25) or part of a retrieval system (3.10.1.05) allowing access (3.11.1.01) to a differently organized part of it, to the document (3.1.1.38) address or to the document itself

Note 1 to entry: In indexes, the lists of terms referring to the location of documents are usually selected from the documents themselves.

Note 2 to entry: See also ISO 12651-1:2012, definition 4.77.

(3.5.1.09)

index card

storage (1) <placement> (3.9.1.01)medium (3.2.1.25) in the form of a piece of cardboard destined to carry data (3.1.1.15), several of these pieces being combinable into a file (1) <set of records> (3.1.12.02)

(3.3.2.04)

index term

word (1) <orthographic word> (3.1.5.18) or phrase in an index (3.5.1.08)

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO 25964-1:2011, definition 2.26.

(3.8.2 Indexing and evaluation of indexing results)

(3.8.2.01)

indexing

intellectual analysis of the subject matter of a document (3.1.1.38) to identify the concepts (3.1.1.02) represented in it, and allocation of the corresponding index terms (3.8.1.08) to allow the information (3.1.1.16) to be retrieved

Note 1 to entry: The term “subject indexing” is often used for this concept. Indexing can be carried out by human users or by automated agents.

[SOURCE: ISO 25964-1:2011, definition 2.27]

(3.8.2.02)

indexing language

artificial language (3.1.5.08) established to characterize (3.1.1.04) the content or form of a document (3.1.1.38)

(3.8.1.07)

India paper

thin, dense, opaque, and durable printing (1) <technical process> (3.3.5.1.01)paper (1) <material> (3.3.5.2.01), intended for printing volumes (3.3.5.2.37) in a less bulky form

(3.3.5.2.16)

indicative abstract

short abstract (3.5.4.01) giving an idea of the content and sometimes the form of a document (3.1.1.38)

(3.5.4.05)

indirect communication

communication (3.1.8.04) using intermediary human or equipment agents, and possibly carried out involving switching or shifting processes of the technical format of the message (3.1.8.02)

EXAMPLE:

Handing the message over to a human messenger, either orally or as a written text; instructing a human being to orally inform another human; sending a telegramme via one transmitter pole to a next one; etc.

(3.1.8.10)

indirect printing

image (3.2.1.04) transfer from an image carrier (3.1.1.40) to a substrate by means of an intermediate element (3.1.1.10)

[SOURCE: ISO 12637-1:2006, definition 40]

(3.3.5.1.05)

indirect quotation

quotation (3.5.8.23) giving a contents without reproducing it exactly in the form in which it appears in the source

(3.5.8.27)

individual concept

concept (3.1.1.02) which corresponds to only one object (3.1.1.01)

EXAMPLE:

Eiffel tower.

[SOURCE: ISO 1087-1:2000, definition 3.2.2]

(3.1.2.17)

individual knowledge

knowledge (3.1.1.17) present in, and disposable to, a given human individual

(3.1.1.22)

individualization

augmenting names (3.1.5.28) in bibliographic records (1) <document(s)> (3.1.13.16) so as to allow a more exact identification (3.2.1.26) of the real person or corporate body (3.1.1.57) denominated by the name and to segregate a set (3.1.1.09) of identical names into exact individual entries (3.2.1.32) for each

Note 1 to entry: This is usually done by adding life dates, activity dates and possibly occupation and place of work, if available, to the name. The procedure is particularly used in the building of name authority files.

(3.7.2.27)

industrial museum

museum (3.2.3.06) in which the plant with its installations and equipment kept intact comprises the principal artefact (1) <man-made object> (3.2.1.02)

(3.6.4.3.13)

industrial property

ownership of an invention (3.1.1.46), design, trademark (3.1.4.20), service mark (3.1.4.21) or trade name (3.1.5.28)

(3.2.1.13)

industrial property title

exclusive right to industrial property (3.2.1.12) applied for to, or granted or registered (3.5.1.17) by, the competent patent office (3.2.3.23)

(3.13.2.02)

infilling

conservation (3.12.1.01) measure of physical replacement of missing portions of a material object (3.1.1.60) with appropriate materials

(3.12.6.33)

infometrics

mathematical and statistical methods applied to communication (3.1.8.04) of the use of information (3.11.2.01)

(3.1.3.09)

information

data (3.1.1.15) that are processed, organized and correlated to produce meaning (3.1.8.03)

[SOURCE: ISO 22320:2011, definition 3.9]

Note 1 to entry: Information concerns facts, concepts, objects, events, ideas, processes, etc. See also ISO 2382-16:1993, definition 16.01.03.

(3.1.1.17)

information and documentation organization

organization (3.1.1.55) or part of it that carries out functions of collecting (2) <gathering> (3.6.1.05), organizing, storing (1) <placement> (3.9.1.01), retrieving (3.10.1.01), disseminating (3.2.1.34) and, sometimes, producing information (3.1.1.21)

(3.2.4 Professions and functions in documentation)

(3.2.4.01)

information architecture

art and science of organizing and labeling information (3.1.1.16) content and documents (3.1.1.38) stored in data (3.1.1.15) management systems (3.1.1.13) and repositories (3.2.3.10) to support retrieval (3.10.1.01), information security, and usability

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO 14813-5:2010, definition B.1.62.

(3.1.2.12)

information centre

information and documentation organization (3.2.3.37) providing information services (3.2.1.33)

(3.2.3.08)

information commons

information system (3.1.8.25), such as a physical library (3.2.3.02) or an online community that exists to produce, conserve, and preserve information (3.1.1.16) for current and future generations

(3.1.2.15)

information copy

copy (2) (<reproduction> (3.4.1.17) or copy (3) <exemplar> (3.3.2.02) which is sent to an agency, office, or individual but who are not responsible for handling the matter in question

(3.4.4.07)

information demand

subjective information need

desire for information (3.1.1.16) as is subjectively felt by those having to fulfill a given task or function

(3.1.1.43)

information dissemination

conveyance of information (3.1.1.16) to a general or specific audience

Note 1 to entry: See also “communication” (3.1.8.04).

(3.2.1.35)

information ecology

study of exchange, storage (1) <placement> (3.9.1.01), use and enhancement of information (3.1.1.16) as a commodity within a community of living organisms

Note 1 to entry: Information ecology explores ways to connect our physical environments with information resources.

(3.1.2.14)

information literacy

ability to recognize a need for information (3.1.1.16) and to identify (3.2.1.26), retrieve (3.10.1.01), evaluate (3.1.3.02), and use information effectively

Note 1 to entry: Literacy in the sense of being able to read and write with a minimal level of proficiency is fundamental for information literacy.

Note 2 to entry: This includes the skills for using information technology to access (3.11.1.01) and retrieve (3.10.1.01) information.

[SOURCE: ISO 16439:2014, definition 3.26]

(3.12 Preservation of documents)

(3.12.1 General concepts)

(3.12.1.01)

information management

planning, collection, control, distribution and exploitation of information resources (3.1.1.44) within an organization (3.1.1.55), including systems (3.1.1.13) development, and disposal or long-term preservation (3.2.1.39)

Note 1 to entry: See also library (3.2.3.02); business system (3.1.13.36); and ISO/IEC 2382:2015, definition 2121409.

(3.2.1.24)

information manager

information officer, US

person responsible for information management (3.2.1.23)

(3.2.4.02)

information need

objective information need

need for that information (3.1.1.16) without which a given task or function could not be accomplished

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO/IEC 27000:2016, definition 2.31.

(3.1.1.42)

information overflow

information overload

excess of information (3.1.1.16) present at a given time in relation to the processing capacity of the human brain and also usually exceeding the actual information need (3.1.1.41)

(3.1.1.50)

information processing

systematic performance of operations upon information (3.1.1.16), which includes data processing (3.1.12.01) and may include operations such as data (3.1.1.15)communication (3.1.8.04) and office automation

Note 1 to entry: Information processing should not be used as a synonym for data processing.

[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 2382:2015, definition 2121275]

(3.1.12.04)

information repackaging

provision of information services (3.2.1.33) or products tailored to the requirements of specific user groups (3.11.2.11) by rearranging or merging material obtained from different sources

Note 1 to entry: See also “press clipping service” (3.2.3.14).

(3.5.6.05)

information resource

asset (3.1.1.43), record (2) <set of data> (3.1.13.22), document (3.1.1.38), or item in physical or digital form that contributes to human knowledge (3.1.1.22)

Note 1 to entry: An abstracting (3.5.4.01) and indexing (3.8.2.01)database (3.1.13.03) is an example of an information resource.

(3.1.1.45)

information retrieval

action, methods and procedures for recovering information (3.1.1.16) on a given matter or references to pertinent documents (3.1.1.43) from stored (3.9.1.01)data (3.1.1.15)

[SOURCE: ISO 8459:2009, definition 2.28]

Note 1 to entry: See also catalogue (2) <holdings-related list> (3.5.1.01); classification (3.8.5.01); thesaurus (3.8.3.01); index (3.5.1.08); database (3.1.13.03).

(3.10.1.03)

information science

field of study of functions, structure, and transmission of information (3.1.1.16) and the management of information systems (3.1.8.25)

(3.2.2.02)

information service

storing (1) <placement> (3.9.1.01), accessing (3.11.1.01), processing or delivering information (3.1.1.16) to meet the needs of specific information users (3.11.2.05)

Note 1 to entry: Information services can include traditional library and information services, such as the handling of books, journals, archives (2), standards, patents, research reports, etc., but also electronic documents, multimedia, online retrieval, current awareness service, electronic document delivery service, etc.

(3.2.1.34)

information service network

group of units working together, sharing services (3.1.1.59) and resources for the benefit of information users (3.11.2.05)

(3.2.3.10)

information system

communication system (3.1.8.06) enabling communication (3.1.8.04) and information processing (3.1.12.03)

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO/TR 9007:1987, page 74.

(3.1.8.26)

information user

person who uses infrastructure(s), service(s) (3.1.1.59) and information resources (3.1.1.44)

(3.11.2.06)

information value

secondary value (3.3.1.05) of documents (3.1.1.38), records (1) <document(s)> (3.1.13.16) or archives (2) <records> (3.6.1.03) for reference and research deriving from the information (3.1.1.16) they contain

(3.3.1.08)

information visualization

visual representation of the relationships (3.1.1.12) between data stores (3.1.11.16) [e.g. full text data (3.1.1.15)], metadata (3.1.10.26.01) describing information (3.1.1.16) in those data stores (e.g. bibliographic and citation databases (3.1.12.03), indexes) and systems (3.1.1.13) or internet (3.1.9.01) nodes exploiting that metadata

(3.1.2.13)

informational question

directional and/or administrative inquiry delivered to the staff of an information and documentation organization (3.2.3.37)

[SOURCE: ISO 16439:2014, definition 3.27, modified]

(3.10.2.09)

informative abstract

abstract (3.5.4.01) giving an account of the content of a document (3.1.1.38) sufficient to allow a user to decide whether or not to read the full text (3.2.1.05)

(3.5.4.06)

inheritance

mechanism by which more specific elements (3.1.1.10) incorporate structure and behaviour of more general elements related by behaviour

[SOURCE: ISO 19103:2015 definition 4.19]

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO 21127:2014, definition 3.6.

(3.1.13.30)

inhouse use of documents

consultation of documents (3.1.1.38) within the premises of an information and documentation organization (3.2.3.37) without charge out (3.11.6.09)

(3.11.4.02)

initialism

abbreviation (3.1.5.47) made up of the initial letters (1) <character> (3.1.4.07) of the components of the full form of the designation (3.1.5.24) or from syllables of the full form and pronounced letter (1) <character> by letter (1) <character>

EXAMPLE:

“BL” (for “British Library”).

(3.1.5.52)

input format

data format (3.1.13.12) for data entry (3.1.11.03)

(3.1.13.14)

insert

additional element (3.1.1.10), such as a printed leaf (3.5.9.1.01), blank paper (1) <material> (3.3.5.2.01) or card, laid between the leaves of a book (2) <stack of leaves (3.5.9.1.01) (3.3.5.2.37) and not secured

[SOURCE: ISO 14416:2003, definition 3.18]

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO 11800:1998, definition 3.18.

(3.5.9.2.05)

instalment (1)

<incomplete part in delivery> incomplete but physically (and sometimes intellectually) self-contained part of an intended complete monographic resource (3.4.1.27.01) or of an updating loose-leaf resource (3.4.7.80), as it emanates from physical production and is disseminated (3.2.1.34) only on the basis of a pre-established subscription to that work (3.2.1.07), to be assembled with other instalments (1) <incomplete part in delivery> which together, in the case of the monographic resource, upon completion form the entire document (3.1.1.38)

Note 1 to entry: See also instalment (2) <episode> (3.4.5.6.13); ISO 215:1986, definition 3.8.

(3.4.1.28.19)

instance

entity (3.1.13.27) that has unique identity, a set (3.1.1.09) of operations can be applied to it, and state that stores the effects of the operations

[SOURCE: ISO 19103:2015 definition 4.20]

Note 1 to entry: See also instance relationship (3.1.7.09); ISO/TS 27790:2009, definition 3.35; ISO/TR 9007:1987 (page 26).

(3.1.13.29)

instance relationship

instantive relationship

relationship (3.1.1.12) between a general concept (3.1.2.15), such as a class (3.8.5.03) of things or events, and an individual instance (3.1.13.28) of that class, which is often represented by a proper name (3.1.5.28)

[SOURCE: ISO 25964-1:2011, 10.2.4]

(3.1.7.10)

institutional inventory

inventory (1) <list> (3.5.1.21) of the possessions of a legal body or other organization (3.1.1.55)

(3.5.1.24)

institutional repository

stored intellectual output (3.11.7.03) of an organization (3.1.1.55), particularly a research organization

Note 1 to entry: Loosely, may refer to an online locus for collecting (3.6.1.05), preserving (3.2.1.39), and disseminating (3.2.1.34)information (3.1.1.21) in digital form.

[SOURCE: ISO 2789:2013, definition 2.3.26]

(3.2.1.39)

intaglio printing

forme-based printing (1) <technical process> (3.3.5.1.01) process using formes which are rigid flat or wraparound plates where the image (3.2.1.04) areas are etched or engraved below the non-image areas producing lines and hatchings from which ink is transferred directly to a substrate

[SOURCE: ISO 12637-1:2006, definition 43, modified]

(3.3.5.1.07)

integrated repository

data repository (3.1.13.01) for storing (1) <placement> all information (3.1.1.16) pertinent to the systems (3.1.1.13) engineering process (SEP) to include all data (3.1.1.15), schema, models, tools, technical management decisions, process analysis information, requirement changes, process and product metrics, and trade-offs

[SOURCE: IEEE Std 1220:2005, definition 3.1.18]

(3.1.13.03)

integrating resource

publication (3.1.8.27), either finite or with no predetermined conclusion, that is added to or changed by updates that do not remain discrete and are integrated into the whole and made available to the public in any product form

[SOURCE: ISO 2108:2005, definition 3.5]

EXAMPLE:

intellectual property

ownership of an intellectual work (3.1.1.45)

(3.2.1.12)

intellectual work

content of a document (3.1.1.38) resulting from intellectual activity which makes it eligible for copyright (3.13.3.1.02) or for an industrial property title (3.13.2.01) because of its originality (3.13.2.05) or novelty (3.13.2.06)

(3.1.1.46)

intension

set (3.1.1.09) of characteristics (3.1.1.04) which makes up the concept (3.1.1.02)

(3.1.2.25)

intensional definition

connotative definition

definition (3.1.5.59) which describes the intension (3.1.2.24) of a concept (3.1.1.02) by stating the superordinate concept (3.1.2.18) and the delimiting characteristics (3.1.1.04)

EXAMPLE:

“Incandescent lamp: electric lamp in which a filament is heated by an electric current in such a way that it emits light”.

Note 1 to entry: The intensional definition is the most accurate definition and the one favoured by terminological teaching / theory as well as by ISO 704.

(3.1.5.62)

interactive search

search method allowing a change of the search strategy (3.10.2.11) adopted while interacting online with a retrieval system (3.10.1.05)

(3.10.2.24)

interactive spaces

spaces in buildings where ICT (Information and Communication Technology) is integrated in the furniture (e.g. tables) or in the walls

[SOURCE: ISO/TR 11219:2012, definition 2.35]

(3.11.3.04)

interfacet relation

formal relation (3.1.7.10) between foci (3.8.5.16) in different facets (3.8.5.04)

(3.1.7.17)

interlibrary loan

ILL

interlibrary lending

interlending

interloan

loan (3.11.4.03) of a document (3.1.1.38) in its physical form, or delivery of a document, or part of it, as a copy (2) <reproduction> (3.4.7.14), from one information and documentation organization (3.2.3.37) to another which is not under the same administration, usually for use (3.11.2.01) by an information user (3.11.2.05) having requested (3.10.2.06) it

[SOURCE: ISO 2789:2013, definition 2.2.16, modified]

Note 1 to entry: Typically, from one library (3.2.3.02) to another. See also ISO 8459:2009, definition 2.29.

(3.11.4.07)

intermediate storage

storage (1) <placement> (3.9.1.01) of semicurrent records (3.6.3.02) in a records (1) <document(s)> (3.1.13.16) centre pending their ultimate disposal (3.6.5.05)

(3.9.1.08)

intermediate user

information user (3.11.2.05) employing the offer of data (3.1.1.15) or information (3.1.1.16) present not for their own sake but in assistance to other persons or organizations (3.1.1.55)

(3.11.2.08)

internal data format

internal format

data format (3.1.13.12) for the processing of data (3.1.1.15) within the software (3.1.12.14) running on a computer

(3.1.13.16)

International Standard Audiovisual Number

ISAN

international standard code (2) <data> (3.1.13.10) identifying audiovisual works (3.4.7.63)

Note 1 to entry: ISAN is specified in ISO 15706.

(3.2.5.09)

International Standard Audiovisual Version Number

V-ISAN

unique identifier (3.1.12.19) composed of a registered ISAN (3.2.5.08) in combination with an appended version (3.4.1.04) segment for a specific version or other content derived from or directly related to an audiovisual work (3.4.7.63)

(3.2.5.10)

International Standard Bibliographic Description

ISBD

internationally standardized (3.4.7.78) guidelines for bibliographic description (3.7.2.06) issued by IFLA

(3.7.2.32)

International Standard Book Number

ISBN

international standard code (2) <data> (3.1.13.10.) applied to a specific tradable manifestation (3.2.1.09) of a book (1) <intellectual work> (3.4.1.27.04) or other monograph (3.4.1.27.01)

Note 1 to entry: ISBN is specified in ISO 2108.

(3.2.5.02)

International Standard Collection Identifier

ISCI

international standard (3.4.7.78)code (2) <data> (3.1.13.10) identifying a collection (2) <gathering> (3.6.1.05), fonds (3.6.3.25), archival records series (3.6.3.30), or parts of any of these

Note 1 to entry: ISCI is specified in ISO 27730.

(3.2.5.22)

International Standard Identifier for Libraries and Related Institutions

ISIL

international standard (3.4.7.78)code (2) <data> (3.1.13.10) identifying libraries (3.2.3.02), archives (1) <organization> (3.2.3.01), museums (3.2.3.06) and related organizations (3.1.1.55)

Note 1 to entry: ISIL is specified in ISO 15511.

(3.2.5.19)

International Standard Linking Identifier

ISLI

international standard code (2) <data> (3.1.13.10) identifying links between entities (3.1.13.27) [or their names (3.1.5.28)] in the field of information (3.1.1.16) and documentation (1) <activity> (3.2.1.22)

Note 1 to entry: Entities identified by an ISLI can be documents, media resources, people, or more abstract items such as times or places.

Note 2 to entry: ISLI is specified in ISO 17316.

(3.2.5.08)

International Standard Music Number

ISMN

international standard code (2) <data> (3.1.13.10) identifying notated music (3.1.6.16)editions (3.4.1.12)

Note 1 to entry: ISMN is specified in ISO 10957.

(3.2.5.06)

International Standard Musical Work Code

ISWC

international standard (3.4.7.78)code (2) <data> (3.1.13.10) identifying a musical work (3.2.1.16), independent of its manifestation (3.2.1.09)

Note 1 to entry: ISWC is specified in ISO 15707.

(3.2.5.20)

International Standard Name Identifier

ISNI

international standard (3.4.7.78)code (2) <data> (3.1.13.10) identifying the public identity of parties [a person or an organization (3.1.1.55)] across multiple fields of creative activity

Note 1 to entry: ISNI is specified in ISO 27729.

(3.2.5.21)

International Standard Recording Code

ISRC

international standard code (2) <data> (3.1.13.10) identifying audio recordings (3.3.3.19) and music (3.2.1.06)video (3.4.5.1.11) recordings

Note 1 to entry: ISRC is specified in ISO 3901.

(3.2.5.07)

International Standard Serial Number

ISSN

international standard code (2) <data> (3.1.13.09) identifying a serial (3.4.1.28.01) or continuing resource (3.4.1.05)

Note 1 to entry: The ISSN network was formerly ISDS (International Serial Data System).

Note 2 to entry: ISSN is specified in ISO 3297.

(3.2.5.04)

International Standard Text Code

ISTC

international standard code (2) <data> (3.1.13.10) identifying a textual work (3.2.1.14), independent of its manifestation (3.2.1.09) or form

Note 1 to entry: ISTC is specified in ISO 21047.

(3.2.5.11)

internet

global system (3.1.1.13) of inter-connected digital networks in the public domain (3.13.2.03)

[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 27033-1:2015, definition 3.14, modified]

(3.1.9.02)

internet domain

web domain

internet (3.1.9.01) space occupied by a certain provider (3.2.3.23), internet (3.1.9.01) offer or user

Note 1 to entry: See also “domain name” (3.1.5.46).

(3.1.9.09)

internet platform

web page (3.3.3.25) on which a number of internet (3.1.9.01)content providers (3.2.3.22) are exhibiting their content and which thus assembles information (3.1.1.16) on one or more subjects assumed of interest for user searches

(3.1.9.11)

internet portal

web page (3.3.3.25) that assembles a number of internet (3.1.9.01) addresses leading to specific content each, together with teasing parts of this content to be found under these addresses that give users an orientation on what content to expect

(3.1.9.10)

interoperability

ability of two or more systems (3.1.1.13) to exchange information (3.1.1.16) and to make mutual use of the information that has been exchanged

[SOURCE: ISO 26683-2:2013, definition 3.20]

Note 1 to entry: See also ISO 25964-1:2011, definition 2.29.

(3.1.2.03)

intrafacet relation

formal relation (3.1.7.10) between foci (3.8.5.16) in a facet (3.8.5.04)

(3.1.7.16)

intrinsic data

data (3.1.1.15) which can be read off a material object (3.1.1.60) or document (3.1.1.38) directly through its physical presence

Note 1 to entry: See also intrinsic value (3.3.1.08).

(3.1.10.02)

intrinsic value

inherent value of documents (3.1.1.38) or other material objects (3.1.1.60) other than as a source of explicitly stated information (3.1.1.16)

Note 1 to entry: Such value may be derived from age, usage, circumstances of creation, signature (1) <autograph> (3.5.8.54) or attached seals (3.3.2.29), etc.

Note 2 to entry: See also intrinsic data (3.1.10.01).

(3.3.2 Objects and data media)

(3.3.2.01)

introduction

text (3.2.1.05) at the beginning of a document (3.1.1.38) that gives the latter’s background, content or structure, following any preface (3.5.8.03)

(3.5.8.05)